Physico-Chemical, Mineralogical Properties and Valorization of Bentonite Material from Iboughardain Area (North-Eastern Rif, Morocco): Application in Dyes Removal

This paper focuses on the characterization and valorization of Moroccan bentonite in dye removal. The stratiform Iboughardain deposit is located in Kert basin (Northeast Rif, Morocco), It is accessible via a tarred road connecting Nador-Seghanghan-Dar Kabdani at a distance of approximately 30 km from Nador. Its Lambert coordinates are X = 709.300, Y = 501.000 (topographic sheet Kebdani to 1/100.000). Bentonite outcrops occur as alterations of the lower horizontal layers of trachyandesite tuff and cinerite. This alteration is in contact with greenish Miocene marl. The mineralogy composition of the samples examined indicates the presence of various contents of montmorillonite and associated minerals such as feldspars and quartz. The mineralogy dominated by aluminosilicates is reflected in the chemical composition which shows high contents of SiO2 and Al2O3. The other oxides have moderate proportions. It is Fe2O3 (1.90 wt%), K2O (0.90 wt%), MgO (5.65 wt%), and MnO (0.07 wt%). Geotechnical results show that the sample is very plastic. Importantly, the experimental adsorption results clearly demonstrate that the clay from the Iboughardain region effectively clarifies the dyeing. The removal of methyl orange (CMO = 140 mg/l) was shown to be significant (98%) under activated bentonite compared to doped bentonite (B-TiO2 20%wt). In addition, the removal of methylene blue staining at a high concentration (CMB = 120 mg/l) was able to reach significant removals of 80 and 99.9% using raw and doped bentonite, respectively

Preparation de catalyseurs bimetalliques a base de cuivre. Etude de leur utilisation en activation des polyols

SIGLEAvailable from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : TD 81497 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Effect of purified wastewater from the city of Settat (Morocco) on the quality of Lippia citriodora essential oil and infusion

Lippia citriodora is an aromatic plant largely consumed in Morocco and throughout the world. It is well-known for its use in the field of food, medicine and aroma therapy. The production of this plant is for its local uses and for export. The therapeutic activity of L. citriodora or itsextracts mainly depends on the quality of finished products. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of irrigation with urban wastewater from Settat (Morocco) treated by lagoons on the composition of the essential oil, essential oil yield and physico-chemical composition infusion of L. citriodora. The soil used for the implantation is characterized. Physico-chemical analyses of well water and wastewater used for irrigation are analyzed. From the results obtained we found changes in the composition of the essential oil of a large number of constituents. After irrigation of L. citriodora by wastewater we observe changes in major compounds in the essential oil: decreased neral (from 15.29% to 14.34%) and geranial (from 15.63% to 14.75%) and increased limonene (from 23.39% to 25.86%). We deduce that wastewater has a beneficial effect in increasing the yield of essential oil. The infusion of L. citriodora prepared by the fresh and dried leaves irrigated with wastewater contains a high concentration of NH4+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and the concentration of NO2–N (mg/L) exceeds 100% of the concentration of waste water

Adsorption of Eriochrome Black T on Pseudo Boehmite and Gamma Alumina Synthesized from Drinking Water Treatment Sludge: A Waste-to-Recycling Approach

Eriochrome black T is considered as one of the anionic dyes with potential harmful effects on human health and the environment. Among other processes, adsorption can contribute to the removal of these dyes. In the present study, two adsorbent materials, pseudo-boehmite (γ-AlOOH) and gamma alumina (γ-Al2O3), were synthesized and tested in the removal of the Eriochrome black T molecule (EBT). γ-AlOOH and γ-Al2O3 were obtained by precipitation from NaAlO2 solution at pH = 7, at a temperature of 80 °C, and by the thermal transformation of γ-AlOOH at 800 °C, respectively. In order to gain insights into the structural, chemical, thermal and morphological properties of these materials, numerous analytical techniques were involved, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential thermogravimetric–thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and specific surface area measurement using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. Several adsorption parameters were studied, such as the adsorbent dose, initial concentration, pH, contact time and reaction temperature. The kinetic study showed that EBT adsorption follows the pseudo-second-order model. The Langmuir isotherm model revealed a maximum EBT adsorption capacity of 344.44 mg g−1 and 421.94 mg g−1 for γ-AlOOH and γ-Al2O3, respectively. A textural and structural analysis after adsorption highlighted the effective adsorption of the dye

Hybrid Electrocoagulation/Electroflotation/Electrodisinfection (EC-EF-ED) process as a pretreatment for seawater desalination

International audienc

Electrocoagulation process in water treatment: A review of electrocoagulation modeling approaches

International audienc

Safety and efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce ileus after colorectal surgery

Background: Ileus is common after elective colorectal surgery, and is associated with increased adverse events and prolonged hospital stay. The aim was to assess the role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for reducing ileus after surgery. Methods: A prospective multicentre cohort study was delivered by an international, student- and trainee-led collaborative group. Adult patients undergoing elective colorectal resection between January and April 2018 were included. The primary outcome was time to gastrointestinal recovery, measured using a composite measure of bowel function and tolerance to oral intake. The impact of NSAIDs was explored using Cox regression analyses, including the results of a centre-specific survey of compliance to enhanced recovery principles. Secondary safety outcomes included anastomotic leak rate and acute kidney injury. Results: A total of 4164 patients were included, with a median age of 68 (i.q.r. 57\u201375) years (54\ub79 per cent men). Some 1153 (27\ub77 per cent) received NSAIDs on postoperative days 1\u20133, of whom 1061 (92\ub70 per cent) received non-selective cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors. After adjustment for baseline differences, the mean time to gastrointestinal recovery did not differ significantly between patients who received NSAIDs and those who did not (4\ub76 versus 4\ub78 days; hazard ratio 1\ub704, 95 per cent c.i. 0\ub796 to 1\ub712; P = 0\ub7360). There were no significant differences in anastomotic leak rate (5\ub74 versus 4\ub76 per cent; P = 0\ub7349) or acute kidney injury (14\ub73 versus 13\ub78 per cent; P = 0\ub7666) between the groups. Significantly fewer patients receiving NSAIDs required strong opioid analgesia (35\ub73 versus 56\ub77 per cent; P < 0\ub7001). Conclusion: NSAIDs did not reduce the time for gastrointestinal recovery after colorectal surgery, but they were safe and associated with reduced postoperative opioid requirement

Safety of hospital discharge before return of bowel function after elective colorectal surgery

Background: Ileus is common after colorectal surgery and is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications. Identifying features of normal bowel recovery and the appropriateness for hospital discharge is challenging. This study explored the safety of hospital discharge before the return of bowel function. Methods: A prospective, multicentre cohort study was undertaken across an international collaborative network. Adult patients undergoing elective colorectal resection between January and April 2018 were included. The main outcome of interest was readmission to hospital within 30 days of surgery. The impact of discharge timing according to the return of bowel function was explored using multivariable regression analysis. Other outcomes were postoperative complications within 30 days of surgery, measured using the Clavien\u2013Dindo classification system. Results: A total of 3288 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 301 (9\ub72 per cent) were discharged before the return of bowel function. The median duration of hospital stay for patients discharged before and after return of bowel function was 5 (i.q.r. 4\u20137) and 7 (6\u20138) days respectively (P < 0\ub7001). There were no significant differences in rates of readmission between these groups (6\ub76 versus 8\ub70 per cent; P = 0\ub7499), and this remained the case after multivariable adjustment for baseline differences (odds ratio 0\ub790, 95 per cent c.i. 0\ub755 to 1\ub746; P = 0\ub7659). Rates of postoperative complications were also similar in those discharged before versus after return of bowel function (minor: 34\ub77 versus 39\ub75 per cent; major 3\ub73 versus 3\ub74 per cent; P = 0\ub7110). Conclusion: Discharge before return of bowel function after elective colorectal surgery appears to be safe in appropriately selected patients