4 research outputs found

    Epidemiology, therapy, and prognosis after stroke in chronic kidney disease

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    Ischemic stroke is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Its occurrence closely correlates with the severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and albuminuria. Pharmacological prevention of stroke in patients with mild-to-moderate CKD does not differ significantly from the general recommendations. However, the beneficial effect of statins on reducing the risk of stroke remains unproven in patients with advanced CKD and on dialysis. The use of acetylsalicylic acid and oral anticoagulants increases the risk of serious bleeding complications and requires special care and additional monitoring. CKD cannot be considered a contraindication for carotid artery endarterectomy or stenting in patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis; likewise, CKD cannot be a contraindication for thrombolysis and thrombectomy in ischemic stroke patients. Admittedly, all these procedures are associated with an increased risk of adverse events compared to non-CKD patients. Early thrombolysis and especially thrombectomy improve poor outcomes in CKD patients. Post-stroke supportive treatment of CKD patients does not differ from the general standards, but the nephrological burden should be taken into consideration, especially when using antihypertensive, anticonvulsant, or edemareducing drugs. Statin use after stroke reduces 3-month mortality. Further research is needed to create specific CKD therapeutic algorithms for more effective management of ischemic stroke in patients with severe CKD and on dialysis

    Epidemiologia, terapia i rokowanie po udarach m贸zgu w przewlek艂ej chorobie nerek

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    Udar niedokrwienny jest jedn膮 z najcz臋stszych przyczyn zgon贸w na 艣wiecie. Jego wyst臋powanie 艣ci艣le koreluje z ci臋偶ko艣ci膮 przewlek艂ej choroby nerek (PChN) i albuminurii. Profilaktyka farmakologiczna udaru m贸zgu u pacjent贸w z 艂agodn膮 do umiarkowanej PChN nie odbiega istotnie od og贸lnych zalece艅. Jednakowo偶 korzystny wp艂yw statyn na ryzyko udaru m贸zgu pozostaje nieudowodniony u pacjent贸w z zaawansowan膮 PChN i dializowanych. Stosowanie kwasu acetylosalicylowego czy doustnych lek贸w przeciwzakrzepowych zwi臋ksza ryzyko powa偶nych powik艂a艅 krwotocznych i wymaga szczeg贸lnej ostro偶no艣ci oraz dodatkowego monitorowania. PChN nie mo偶e by膰 traktowana jako przeciwwskazanie do聽endarterektomii lub stentowania t臋tnicy szyjnej u pacjent贸w z objawowym zw臋偶eniem t臋tnicy szyjnej, a tak偶e trombolizy i trombektomii w udarze niedokrwiennym m贸zgu. Wszystkie te procedury wi膮偶膮 si臋 z wi臋kszym ryzykiem zdarze艅 niepo偶膮danych ni偶 u聽pacjent贸w bez PChN. Wczesna tromboliza, a zw艂aszcza trombektomia, poprawiaj膮 z艂e rokowanie u pacjent贸w z przewlek艂膮 chorob膮 nerek. Post臋powanie wspomagaj膮ce po udarze m贸zgu u chorych na CKD nie odbiega od og贸lnych standard贸w, lecz nale偶y jednak liczy膰 si臋 z obci膮偶eniem nefrologicznym, zw艂aszcza przy stosowaniu lek贸w przeciwnadci艣nieniowych, przeciwdrgawkowych czy zmniejszaj膮cych obrz臋ki. Stosowanie statyn po udarze zmniejsza 艣miertelno艣膰 w ci膮gu 3 miesi臋cy. Konieczne s膮 dalsze badania w celu stworzenia specyficznych dla PChN algorytm贸w terapeutycznych, kt贸re umo偶liwi膮 skuteczniejsze leczenie udaru niedokrwiennego m贸zgu u pacjent贸w z ci臋偶k膮 PChN i dializowanych

    Significantly Elevated CA 19-9 after COVID-19 Vaccination and Literature Review of Non-Cancerous Cases with CA 19-9 > 1000 U/mL

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    Background: CA 19-9 is a commonly assessed tumor marker, considered characteristic of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and biliary tract cancers; however, the positive predictive value of CA 19.9 is too low, and the usage of CA 19.9 as a screening tool in the healthy population remains controversial. Methods: The presented case illustrates a reversed diagnosis of highly elevated serum CA 19-9 levels in a 54-year-old female complaining of pain in the epigastric region, shortly after COVID-19 vaccination. Laboratory tests showed a significantly elevated level of the CA 19-9 marker (>12,000 U/mL, reference value: p < 0.05). There was no difference between CA 19-9 values and the categorized cause of the increase. Conclusions: Conducting differential diagnosis, it should not be forgotten that most international guidelines recommend the use of CA 19-9 only in conjunction with pathology of pancreas in radiological imaging; however, even such a combination can point the diagnostic pathway in the wrong direction. A highly elevated CA 19-9 level, typically associated with PDAC, may be the result of benign disease including AIP related to COVID-19 vaccination
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