1 research outputs found
Advanced biosensors for detection of pathogens related to livestock and poultry
Infectious animal diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses threaten the health
and well-being of wildlife, livestock, and human populations, limit productivity and increase significantly economic
losses to each sector. The pathogen detection is an important step for the diagnostics, successful treatment of animal
infection diseases and control management in farms and field conditions. Current techniques employed to diagnose
pathogens in livestock and poultry include classical plate-based methods and conventional biochemical methods as
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). These methods are time-consuming and frequently incapable to distinguish
between low and highly pathogenic strains. Molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
and real time PCR (RT-PCR) have also been proposed to be used to diagnose and identify relevant infectious disease
in animals. However these DNA-based methodologies need isolated genetic materials and sophisticated instruments,
being not suitable for in field analysis. Consequently, there is strong interest for developing new swift point-of-care
biosensing systems for early detection of animal diseases with high sensitivity and specificity. In this review, we provide
an overview of the innovative biosensing systems that can be applied for livestock pathogen detection. Different
sensing strategies based on DNA receptors, glycan, aptamers and antibodies are presented. Besides devices still at
development level some are validated according to standards of the World Organization for Animal Health and are
commercially available. Especially, paper-based platforms proposed as an affordable, rapid and easy to perform sensing
systems for implementation in field condition are included in this review