46 research outputs found
From Selling Peanuts and Beer in Yankee Stadium to Creating a Theory of Transformational Leadership: An Interview with Bernie Bass
From Austria to the United States and from Evaluating Therapists to Developing Cognitive Resources Theory: An Interview with Fred Fiedler
Too Little or Too Much? Reexamining the Relationship between Corporate Charitable Giving and Corporate Financial Performance
Slack resources and the rent-generating potential of firm-specific knowledge
We examine how two types of slack resources relevant to knowledge employeesโhuman resource slack and financial slack at the R&D functional levelโinfluence the rent-generating potential of firm-specific knowledge resources. According to the resource- and knowledge-based views of the firm, firm-specific knowledge resources are critical for generating economic rents for a firm. However, without motivated knowledge employees investing in the corresponding specialized human capital in the process of absorbing and deploying firm-specific knowledge resources, the resource potential for rent generation would be greatly discounted. We argue that human resource slack among knowledge employees and financial slack available for R&D activities affect the rent-generating potential of firm-specific knowledge resources by influencing knowledge employeesโ incentives to invest in specialized human capital. In particular, while financial slack facilitates rent generation of firm-specific knowledge resources by increasing employee incentives to invest in specialized human capital, human resource slack hinders it by reducing such incentives. Empirical results based on longitudinal R&D employment data, U.S. patent data, and Compustat support these arguments
Gender Differences in Perceived Work Demands, Family Demands, and Life Stress among Married Chinese Employees
Sources of work-family conflict: A Sino-U.S. comparison of the effects of work and family demands
Making justice sense of local-expatriate compensation disparity: Mitigation by local referents, ideological explanations, and interpersonal sensitivity in China-foreign joint ventures
Social Networks, Personal Values, and Creativity: Evidence for Curvilinear and Interaction Effects
Taking an interactional perspective on creativity, the authors examined the influence of social networks and conformity value on employees' creativity. They theorized and found a curvilinear relationship between number of weak ties and creativity such that employees exhibited greater creativity when their number of weak ties was at intermediate levels rather than at lower or higher levels. In addition, employees' conformity value moderated the curvilinear relationship between number of weak ties and creativity such that employees exhibited greater creativity at intermediate levels of number of weak ties when conformity was low than when it was high. A proper match between personal values and network ties is critical for understanding creativity.Psychology, AppliedManagementSSCI0ARTICLE61544-15529
๊ตญ๋ด ๋ ผํ์ง ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํ APEX-paddy ๋ชจ๋ธ ์ ์ฉ์ฑ ํ๊ฐ
APEX ๋ชจํ์ ๋ค์ํ ์๋ ํ๋์ ํ ์๊ณผ ๋ฌผํ๊ฒฝ์ ๋ํ ์ํฅ์ ํ์ง ๋ฐ ์ ์ญ ๊ท๋ชจ๋ก ํ๊ฐํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๊ฐ๋ฐ๋ ๋ชจํ์ด๋ค. ์ต๊ทผ APEX์ ์ฃผ์๊ธฐ์์ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ๋
ผ์์์ ์๋์ ์ด์์ ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฌผ์์ง, ์๋ถ ์ ์ถ์ ๋ํ ๋ชจ์๊ฐ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋๋ก ํ APEX-Paddy๊ฐ ๊ณ ์๋ ๋ฐ ์๋ค. ๋ณธ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์๋ ์ต์ฐ ์ง์ญ์ ๋
ผ ์ํํฌ ๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ APEX-Paddy ๋ชจํ์ ์ ์ฉ์ฑ์ ํ๊ฐํ๊ณ ์ ํ์๋ค. 2013๋
๊ณผ 2014๋
์ ๋
ผ์ ์ถ๋๊ณผ ๋ถํ๋ ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ ์์งํ๊ณ ์๋๋ณด์ ํด APEX-CUTE 4.1๊ณผ ์ถ๊ฐ์ ์๋๋ณด์ ์ ํตํด ๋ชจํ์ ๋ชจ์์ฑ๋ฅ์ ๊ฒํ ํ๊ณ ํ๊ณ์ ์๊ณ ์ฐฐํ์๋ค. ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋
ผ์ ๋ฌผ์์ง์ ์ง์ ๋ฐฐ์ถ๋ถํ๋์ ๋์ฒด๋ก ํฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์์ค์ ๋ชจ์์ฑ๋ฅ์ ๋ณด์ด๋ ํํธ ์ ์ฌ๋๊ณผ ์ธ ๋ฐฐ์ถ๋ถํ๋ ๋ชจ์์์์ด ๋
ผ์ ๋ด์์ํ ์ ์ฌ๋ฐฐ์ถ ๊ธฐ์์ ๋ํ ๊ณ ๋ ค๊ฐ ๋ฏธํกํ์ฌ ๋ชจ์์ฑ๋ฅ์ ํ๊ณ๊ฐ ์๋ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋ถ์๋์์ผ๋ฉฐ ์์ธ์ ๋ํด ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ์๋ค. ๋๋ถ์ด์๋๋ณด์ ํด์ ์ ์ฉ์ ์์ด ๋งค๊ฐ๋ณ์ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ๋๋ฅผ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ํ ์๋๋ณด์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ณด๋ค ์ ํ๋๊ฐ ๋ค์ ๋จ์ด์ง๋ ๊ฒฝํฅ์ ๋ณด์ฌ ๊ทธ ํ์ฉ์ ์ ์๊ฐํ์ํ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ํ๋จ๋์๋ค.
The APEX model has been developed for assessing agricultural management efforts and their effects on soil and water at the field scale as well asmore complex multi-subarea landscapes, whole farms, and watersheds. Recently, a key component of APEX application, named APEX-Paddy, hasbeen modified for simulating water quality by considering paddy rice management practices. In this study, the performance of the APEX-Paddy modelwas evaluated using field data at Iksan experimental paddy sites in Korea. The discharge and pollutant load data during 2013 and 2014 were usedto both manually and automatically calibrate the model. The APEX auto-calibration tool (APEX-CUTE 4.1) was used for model calibration andsensitivity analysis. Results indicate that APEX-Paddy reasonably performs in predicting runoff discharge rate and nitrogen yield. However, sedimentand phosphorus yield is not correctly predicted due to the limitation of model schemes. With APEX-Paddy, the performance in reproducing thedischarge and nitrogen yield is found to be a satisfactory level after manual calibration. The manually calibrated model performed better than theautomatically calibrated model in nearly all comparisons. For runoff, manual calibration reduced PBIAS while R2 and NSE values of the automaticallycalibrated model were the same as the manual calibration. For T-N, NSE and PBIAS were reduced when using manual calibration, whereas R2 valuewas the same as manual calibration. The limitation of the APEX-Paddy model for predicting sediment, as well as the phosphorous yield, was discussedin this study.N
Too Little or Too Much? Untangling the Relationship between Corporate Philanthropy and Corporate Financial Performance
What is the relationship between corporate philanthropy and corporate financial performance? Some scholars argue that corporate philanthropy facilitates stakeholder cooperation and helps secure access to critical resources controlled by those stakeholders, suggesting that corporate philanthropy should be positively associated with corporate financial performance. In contrast, other scholars take a negative stance, suggesting that corporate philanthropy diverts valuable corporate resources and tends to inhibit corporate financial performance. Existing empirical studies have not found conclusive evidence on the corporate philanthropy-financial performance relationship. Integrating and extending existing perspectives, this study develops the argument that the relationship between corporate philanthropy and financial performance is best captured by an inverse U-shape. In addition, it posits that the inverse U-shaped relationship varies with the level of dynamism in firms' operational environment. Using a panel data set of 817 firms listed in the Taft Corporate Giving Directory from 1987 to 1999, we find strong support for these arguments