High-molecular-weight, water-soluble polyammonium compounds

The title polymers of dialkenyldialkylammonium compds., useful in the coating and prepn. of paper, are prepd. in high space-time yield by the continuous or batch addn. of H2O-insol. azo compd. initiators in MeOH or DMF to aq. monomers. Thus, adding ten 2-mL portions of 0.01M methanolic AIBN [78-67-1] at 30 min intervals to 1 mol diallyldimethylammonium chloride as a 48% aq. soln. contg. 10 mg Chelaplex stirred at 80 Deg and stirring 90 min at 80 Deg gave a 96% conversion to a polymer [26062-79-3] with relative viscosity (1% NaCl) 1.85. [on SciFinder (R)

High-molecular-weight, water-soluble polyammonium compounds

The title polymers, useful in coatings, paper manuf., etc., are prepd. by polymg. H2O-sol. di-2-alkenyldialkylammonium compds. in aq. solns. contg. peroxydisulfates, basic N compds., and pH control agents. Thus, a soln. 2.8 M in (CH2:CHCH2)2NMe2+ Cl-, 0.02 M in (NH4)2S2O8, 0.07 M in NaOH, and 0.02 M in Et3N [121-44-8] was stirred gently in air at 45 Deg for 10 h to give a polymer [26062-79-3] having relative viscosity (1% NaCl) 2.00, compared with 1.21 when polymd. under N with 10 ppm Chelaplex III in place of NaOH and amine. [on SciFinder (R)

Polyelectrolytic flocculant for accelerating solid sedimentation from coal-containing wastewater

Sedimentation of solids is accelerated and complete, resulting in a high-quality effluent, when a 0.1% soln. of equal parts of poly(dimethyl-diallyl-ammonium chloride) cationic flocculant and a nonionic or anionic polyacrylamide is used at a rate of 0.25-4 mL/L wastewater. Thus, briquet manufg. wastewater contg. 5-10 g solids/L was treated with the above mixt. at 0.5 mL/L under turbulent mixing conditions, flocculanted for 15 min and allowed to settle for 30 min, forming a brown coal sludge having >100 g solids/L. The effluent contained <50 mg solids/L. [on SciFinder (R)

Flocculant for promoting solid sedimentation from coal-containing wastewaters

An aq. soln. of cationic, high mol. wt. poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (I) [26062-79-3], synthesized in very alk. soln. with a ternary initiation system, is added in amts. of 0.25-4.0 mL/L to accelerate sedimentation of solid particles from coal-contg. wastewaters. Thus, 0.5 mL of a 0.1% aq. soln. of I was mixed thoroughly with 5-10 g/L coal-solids contg. wastewater from a briquet factory to produce macroflocs and completely sep. coal particles and water in 100 g/L and a supernatant contg. <100 mg/L. [on SciFinder (R)

Coagulation of rubber latexes

Coagulated SBR or nitrile rubber latexes with low salt contents, suitable for processing in belt or bar driers, are prepd. by adding mixts. of NaCl and quaternary ammonium polymers to the latexes. Thus, an 18%-solids nitrile rubber latex contg. 0.4 phr poly(dialkyldimethylammonium chloride) (I) requires 50 parts satd. NaCl soln. for complete coagulation of 100 parts latex, compared with 150 in the absence of I. [on SciFinder (R)

Mordanting of filter dyes in photographic materials

Almost all conventional acid filter dyes can be rendered nondiffusing in emulsion or thin auxiliary layers, without lowering their phys.-mech. properties or interference with their bleachability or washing-out during processing by a small amt. of a mordant (I; R1,R2 = C1-4 alkyl; n = 300-600; and X- = anion). Added as storable 5-10% soln. they have a low water absorption and have little effect on the viscosity of gelatin coatings. Thus, 2 solns. were made both contg. gelatin 100 and a pentamethine dye 8, and as mordant soln. A an imide of maleic anhydride interpolymers of US 3,048,487 (CA 59; 7726b) 4 g, and soln. B I (R1,R2 = Me, n = 300, X = Cl-) 4.15 g. A Yielded a 2.3m filter layer having an optical d. of 1.09, and B one of 2.0m and 0.98, resp. The water absorption of the layers was 4.1 and 3.0 g H2O/m2, and the dye diffusion after 2 wet contacts with a layer of unhardened gelatin 43 and 2% (as optical d.), resp. [on SciFinder (R)