10 research outputs found

    Desempenho do feijoeiro consorciado com espécies de braquiária em função de doses de fluazifop-p-butil The effect of fluazifop-p-butyl doses on the performance of the common bean plant intercropped with brachiaria species

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    Para avaliar o efeito de doses de fluazifop-p-butil no desempenho do feijoeiro consorciado com braquiária, foi conduzido um experimento em Coimbra, MG, nas safras da seca de 2007 e das águas de 2007-2008. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema fatorial, envolvendo duas espécies de braquiária (Brachiaria brizantha e B. decumbens), seis doses de fluazifop-pbutil (0; 7,81; 15,62; 31,25; 62,50; e 125,00 g ha-1), mais o monocultivo de ambas as culturas. O feijoeiro foi plantado a 0,5 m entre linhas, com as sementes de braquiária sendo semeadas nas mesmas fileiras do feijão. Nos sistemas consorciados, além das doses de fluazifop-pbutil, utilizou-se fomesafen (125 g ha-1) e bentazon (336 g ha-1). Para o feijão solteiro foi utilizada uma mistura dos herbicidas fomesafen (125 g ha-1) e fluazifop-p-butil (100 g ha-1). Foram avaliados o estande final de plantas e o rendimento de grãos do feijoeiro com seus componentes primários. Os dados foram submetidos à analise de variância, sendo os efeitos das espécies de braquiária e das safras estudados pelo teste F, e os efeitos das doses de fluazifop-p-butil, por análise de regressão. Conclui-se que B. decumbens é mais competitiva com o feijão que B. hrizantha. Na safra da seca, a utilização de 7,81 g ha-1 de fluazifop-p-butil no consórcio com B. decumbens proporciona rendimento de grãos de feijão equivalente ao do monocultivo. O consórcio com B. brizantha dispensa o uso do herbicida. Na safra das águas, independentemente da espécie de braquiária, é necessária a aplicação de 31,25 g ha-1 de fluazifop-p-butil.<br>To evaluate the effect of fluazifop-p-butyl doses on the performance of bean intercropped with brachiaria species, an experiment was conducted in Coimbra, MG, during the 2007 dry season and 2007-2008 rainy season crops. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were set up in a factorial design, involving two species of grass (Brachiaria brizantha and B. decumbens), six doses of fluazifop-p-butyl (0, 7.81, 15.62, 31.25, 62.50, and 125.00 g ha-1), plus the monoculture of both cultures. The common bean plant was planted at 0.5 m between rows, with the brachiaria seeds being sown in the same row of the bean plant. In the intercropping systems, in addition to fluazifop-p-butyl, fomesafen (125 g ha-1) and bentazon (336 g ha-1) were used. A mixture of fomesafen (125 g ha-1) and fluazifop-p-butyl (100 g ha-1) was applied to the monoculture bean. The final plant stand and the bean yield were evaluated with the primary components. Data were submitted to analysis of variance; the effects of the brachiaria species and the crop were studied by the F test and the effects of the fluazifop-p-butyl doses, by regression analysis. It was concluded that B. decumbens is more competitive with the beans than B. brizantha. In the dry season, the use of 7.81g ha-1 of fluazifop-p-butyl in the intercropping with B. decumbens provides a bean yield equivalent to that of the monoculture. Intercropping with B. brizantha does not require the use of herbicide. In the rainy season, regardless of the brachiaria species, 31.25 g ha-1 of fluazifop-p-butyl must be applied

    Influencia de las malezas sobre el cultivo de frijol en función de espaciamiento y de la densidad de plantas Weeds influence in common bean as a function of spacing and plant density

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    La hipótesis de investigación es que con la reducción de la densidad de siembra y del espaciamiento entre líneas, el período anterior a la interferencia de las malezas será reducido en el cultivo de frijol. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el período anterior a la interferencia de las malezas (PAI) en función del espaciamiento entre líneas y de su densidad poblacional. Los tratamientos fueron constituidos de ocho períodos de convivencia del cultivo con las malezas: 0-10, 0-20, 0-30, 0-40, 0-50, 0-60, 0-70 y 0-80 días después de la emergencia y un control libre de interferencia. Los períodos de convivencia fueron aplicados en dos experimentos, utilizando dos distancias entre líneas, de 0,45 y 0,60 m y en dos densidades de plantas por línea de siembra, de 10 y 15 plantas por metro. El delineamiento experimental utilizado fue en bloques completos al azar, con cuatro repeticiones. Hubo reducción de 16, 40, 36 y 58% en la productividad de granos del cultivo de frijol cuando convivió durante todo el ciclo del cultivo con las malezas, para el espaciamiento de 0,45 m en las densidades de 10 y 15 plantas m-1; y espaciamiento de 0,60 m y densidades de 10 y 15 plantas m-1, respectivamente. La productividad de granos pasó a ser afectada negativamente a partir de 28, 26, 22 y 14 días después de la emergencia, constituyéndose en los períodos anteriores a la interferencia del cultivo, respectivamente.<br>Hypothesis is that reducing the density and the spacing between the lines, the period prior to the interference of weeds will be reduced by the bean crop. The aim of this study was to determine the period prior to weed interference (PPI) with the bean crop in terms of row spacing and population density. Treatments consisted of eight periods of weed coexistence with the crop: 0-10, 0-20, 0-30, 0-40, 0-50, 0-60, 0-70 and 0-80 days after crop emergence. The periods of coexistence were applied in two experiments, using two spacings, 0.45 and 0.60 m in two plant densities amounts per seed, 10 and 15 plants per meter. For each row spacing and seed density, the experimental design used was the randomized blocks, with four repetitions per treatment. Grain yield of the crop showed decreases of 16, 40, 36 and 58% when the coexistence with the weed was during all the cycle of the crop for row spacing of 0,45 m and seeding density of 10 and 15 plants per meter; and row spacing of 0,60 m and seeding density of 10 and 15 plants per meter, respectively. The period prior to weed interference (PPI) occurred in 28, 26, 22 e 14 days after crop emergence, respectively
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