Performance of Single Pass Earth-Tube Heat Exchanger: An Experimental Study

A single pass earth-tube heat exchanger (ETHE) was installed to study its performance in cooling and heating mode. ETHE is made of 50 m long ms pipe of 10 cm nominal diameter and 3 mm wall thickness. ETHE is buried 3 m deep below surface. Ambient air is pumped through it by a 400 w blower. Air velocity in the pipe is 11 m/s. Air temperature is measured at the inlet of the pipe, in the middle (25 m), and at the outlet (50 m), by thermisters placed inside the pipe. Cooling tests were carried out three consecutive days in each month. On each day system was operated for 7 hours during the day and shut down for the night. Heating tests were carried out at night in January. Test results are presented in summary form for each month. Detailed analysis is presented for two months only -- May for cooling and January for heating. ETHE cools the ambient air in May by as much as 14oC. It heats the ambient air in January nights also by similar amount.

Design of Greenhouse Irrigation System at Kothara

In this paper we present the details of fertigation system for greenhouse at Kothara (Kutch). Two separate alternatives--Drip and Sprinklers--have been examined.

Soil Temperatures Regime at Ahmedabad

A 3-m deep temperature probe was installed at the campus of Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad in August, 1999. Probe has five resistance type device PT 100 sensors, mounted at 1-m interval. It was put in to the ground up to depth of 3-m. First sensor is at 3-m depth, second at 2-m depth, third at 1-m depth, fourth just 2 cm below the surface and the fifth 1-m above ground. Temperatures from all the sensors were noted one day on each month for a year. Readings were noted at hourly interval. In this paper, the results are presented. Motivation for this work was the need to know the diurnal and seasonal variation of temperature in deeper layers of soil in order to determine the level suitable for installation of earth tube heat exchangers.

Air-Cooling and Heating Systemfor Tiger in Zoo using Earth Tube Heat Exchanger

A specially designed air-cooling (and heating) system using Earth Tube Heat Exchanger (ETHE) was installed in the dwelling of a 15-year old white tiger (Panthera tigris) named Mahesh at Kamala Nehru Zoological Garden, Ahmedabad (India) in October 2000. This was done to alleviate the stresses experienced by Mahesh in summer, which is long and hot; and in winter nights, which can be quite cold. Summer temperatures in Ahmedabad remain around 40oC for a long time and can reach as high as 45oC. Night temperatures in winter can drop to 10oC or below. The system does both--provide cooling in summer and warming in winter. In winter the system warms up the ambient (cold) air by as much as 10oC at night. In summer the system cools the ambient (hot) air also by as much as 8 - 10oC during the day.

Soil Temperature Regime at Ahmedabad

A 3-m deep probe with five PT 100 temperature sensors was installed at the campus of Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad in August, 1999 to monitor temperature at various depths. Hourly values from all the sensors were noted one day in each month for a year. The diurnal and seasonal variations of temperature at different depths in soil have been observed in order to determine the level suitable for installation of earth tube heat exchanger

Performance of Single Pass Earth-Tube Heat Exchanger: An Experimental Study

A single pass earth-tube heat exchanger (ETHE) was installed to study its performance in cooling and heating modes. ETHE consisted of 50 m mild steel pipe of 10 cm nominal diameter and 3 mm wall thickness, buried 2.85 m deep below ground. Ambient air was pumped through it for conditioning. Tests were conducted on three consecutive days in each month. The ETHE conditioned 5.6 m3/min of 40.6°C air to 26.6°C in cooling mode, and 8.3°C air to 23.0°C in heating mode. Average COP was 3.3 in cooling and 3.8 in heating mode

Performance of Greenhouse Coupled to Earth-Tube-Heat-Exchanger in Closed-Loop Mode

An experimental greenhouse coupled to an Earth Tube Heat Exchanger (ETHE) in closed-loop mode has been installed at Kothara (23o 40N 72o 38E), India. Area is hot and extremely arid. ETHE is used to warm the greenhouse in winter nights and cool it in hot days. The saw-tooth house is of 6 m span, 20 m length and has ridge height of 3.5 m. ETHE consists of eight ms pipes, each of 20 cm dia and 20 m long. A centrifugal blower powered by 7.5 hp motor moves the air through the system. Volume flow rate of air is 7200 m3 per hour, which makes for about 20 air changes per hour. ETHE was able to heat the house easily from 9oC to 22-23oC in half hour in the cold winter nights. Opening of side and ridge vents from 11 A.M. to 4 P.M. and fogging at hourly interval kept the house below 34oC till the end of February. Operation of the ETHE became necessary from April. Operation of ETHE reduced the temperature by 7oC below the ambient. ETHE offers the advantage that it uses no water which is scarce. Results of the first cropping trial showed that tomato yield was 2.7 times the open field yield in this area, and water used for irrigation nearly 34% less than that used in open field.

Recent Advances in Aggregation-Induced Emission Active Materials for Sensing of Biologically Important Molecules and Drug Delivery System

The emergence and development of aggregation induced emission (AIE) have attracted worldwide attention due to its unique photophysical phenomenon and for removing the obstacle of aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) which is the most detrimental process thereby making AIE an important and promising aspect in various fields of fluorescent material, sensing, bioimaging, optoelectronics, drug delivery system, and theranostics. In this review, we have discussed insights and explored recent advances that are being made in AIE active materials and their application in sensing, biological cell imaging, and drug delivery systems, and, furthermore, we explored AIE active fluorescent material as a building block in supramolecular chemistry. Herein, we focus on various AIE active molecules such as tetraphenylethylene, AIE-active polymer, quantum dots, AIE active metal-organic framework and triphenylamine, not only in terms of their synthetic routes but also we outline their applications. Finally, we summarize our view of the construction and application of AIE-active molecules, which thus inspiring young researchers to explore new ideas, innovations, and develop the field of supramolecular chemistry in years to come

Meet the Board of ChemistryOpen: Sheshanath V. Bhosale

Abstract Sheshanath V. Bhosale received his PhD from Freie University Berlin (Germany) in supramolecular chemistry under the supervision of Prof. J. H. Fuhrhop in 2004. He then pursued his postdoctoral studies with Prof. S. Matile at University of Geneva (Switzerland) under the auspices of a Roche Foundation Fellowship. This was followed by a stay at Monash University (Australia) for 5 years as an ARC‐APD Fellow. He worked at RMIT University, Melbourne (Australia) for 6 years as ARC‐Future Fellowship. Currently, Prof. Bhosale is working at the Department of Chemistry, Goa University (India) as a UGC‐FRP Professor, His research interests lie in the design and synthesis of π‐functional materials, especially small molecules, for sensing, biomaterials, and supramolecular chemistry applications. So far, Prof. Bhosale has produced 185 research articles and his work has been cited more than 4400 times, giving him an h‐index of 32. He currently serves as an active Editorial Board member for ChemistryOpen