Mammalian sex determination—insights from humans and mice

Disorders of sex development (DSD) are congenital conditions in which the development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical. Many of the genes required for gonad development have been identified by analysis of DSD patients. However, the use of knockout and transgenic mouse strains have contributed enormously to the study of gonad gene function and interactions within the development network. Although the genetic basis of mammalian sex determination and differentiation has advanced considerably in recent years, a majority of 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis patients still cannot be provided with an accurate diagnosis. Some of these unexplained DSD cases may be due to mutations in novel DSD genes or genomic rearrangements affecting regulatory regions that lead to atypical gene expression. Here, we review our current knowledge of mammalian sex determination drawing on insights from human DSD patients and mouse models

Review of Measurement Techniques in Site Productivity Studies

This book is a synthesis of knowledge on the impacts of harvesting on long-term site productivity, stemming from information gathered from the International Energy Agency Bioenergy Agreement Project on Environmental Impacts of Intensive Harvesting. Annual workshops during the project have produced much new and important information and the work of over 150 collaborators on the project has been carefully synthesised into this book