Geologic Considerations in Relation to a Materials Survey

In materials surveying, geology should be of maximum benefit, not as a complete informant but as a foundation for reconnaissance, assembly, and cataloging of materials. Geology in essence is a materials survey on a grand scale. Use of this science for engineering purposes involves some primary knowledge of geologic nomenclature, the basic historic approach of geologists, and the use of resources and data published by state, federal, and private agencies over a period of 75 years. Recognition of the need for information on surface conditions as an aid to engineering and allied sciences is emphasized; and in response to this need, a new system of U.S.G.S. mapping is cited and illustrated in which a special map of surficial geology is prepared in conjunction with the traditional bedrock geologic maps. The importance and the difficulty of converting geologic data to engineering uses are considered, and in lieu of a universally satisfactory means for accomplishing this, a few specific conversions are discussed and illustrated. Each is considered separately from the standpoint of possible materials requirements and the application of geologic methods to the location of usable materials

Aloha and Beaverton survey of optometric care at the Pacific University Family Vision Centers

A random telephone survey was conducted in Aloha and Beaverton to determine the public\u27s perception of the Pacific University Family Vision Centers located in Forest Grove and Portland, Oregon. Patients\u27 satisfaction with care, familiarity with the Centers, and how they learned of the Centers were studied. Age, occupation, income, current eyecare provider, and distance willing to travel for eyecare were also factors considered. The results indicated that quality was the most important factor in selection of eyecare providers, and word of mouth was the method most often utilized in that selection

A Laboratory Investigation of Mineralogical, Chemical and Physical Properties of Limestone Aggregates

The project described in this report represents one phase of comprehensive research with all types of aggregates for highway paving mixtures in Kentucky. It was designed to show the fundamental properties of limestones which determine their suitability for this type of use -- particularly their so-called durability. For this reason, emphasis was placed on analysis of the intrinsic properties of the aggregates themselves rather than analysis of procedures or test methods, such as freezing and thawing

The Adsortpion of CO, N2 and Li on Ru(109) and Ru(001)

The chemistry of carbon monoxide and dinitrogen on an atomically stepped Ru(109) and an atomically smooth Ru(001) single crystal surface have been thoroughly investigated using ultra high vacuum and surface science techniques. The investigations focused on the effect of the metal surface morphology on the simplest of the surface reactions: adsorption, desorption, and dissociation.Building on the previous conclusion that CO dissociates on the step sites of Ru(109) producing mobile atomic C and O species, chemisorbed CO was bombarded with atomic hydrogen in an attempt to produce and spectroscopically observe a formyl, HCO, species by IRAS and TPD. The interaction of the two species did not produce any evidence of an HCO species, but resulted in the observation of surface crowding of the CO(a) by H(a) species.The step sites of Ru(109) have been found to exhibit special N₂ adsorption characteristics compared to the terraces of the Ru(109) surface. Nitrogen desorbs from Ru(109) in three distinct desorption processes. A high temperature desorption feature has been assigned to the molecular desorption from the atomic step sites. The electron stimulated dissociation of chemisorbed nitrogen results in a high temperature recombinative desorption feature between 400 and 800 K. A direct comparison of the vibrational behavior of nitrogen on Ru(109) and Ru(001) confirms the postulate that the step sites of single crystals exhibit special characteristics. Two vibrational bands, attributed to molecular nitrogen adsorbed on the terrace and step sites, respectively, are observed after thermal ordering of the adlayer. Nitrogen adsorbed on the terraces of the Ru(109) surface is adsorbed more strongly than on the atomically smooth Ru(001) as indicated by the lower singleton frequency on the Ru(109) surface and the lower maximum desorption temperature on the Ru(001) surface. The interaction of adsorbed species with Li promoter atoms was investigated to determine the effect promoter atoms would have on catalytic reactions. The coadsorption of Li with CO and N₂ on the two Ru surfaces results in both short and long range interactions. These interactions result in a weakened molecular bond characterized by a red-shifted vibrational frequency in addition to complex formation on the surface

Fishes of the Charlotte Harbor Estuarine System, Florida

To date, 255 fish species in 95 families have been reliably reported from the Charlotte Harbor estuarine system in southwest Florida. The species list was compiled from recent fishery-independent collections, a review of reports and peer-reviewed literature, and examination of cataloged specimens at the Florida Museum of Natural History. Thirty-nine species are new records for this estuarine system. Many of the newly documented species are common on the west Florida continental shelf and associated inshore habitats. Twenty-two previously reported species were not included in the species list presented herein on the basis of more recent research, doubtful original identifications, or questionable locality data

Submesoscale dispersion in the vicinity of the Deepwater Horizon spill

Reliable forecasts for the dispersion of oceanic contamination are important for coastal ecosystems, society and the economy as evidenced by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 and the Fukushima nuclear plant incident in the Pacific Ocean in 2011. Accurate prediction of pollutant pathways and concentrations at the ocean surface requires understanding ocean dynamics over a broad range of spatial scales. Fundamental questions concerning the structure of the velocity field at the submesoscales (100 meters to tens of kilometers, hours to days) remain unresolved due to a lack of synoptic measurements at these scales. \textcolor{black} {Using high-frequency position data provided by the near-simultaneous release of hundreds of accurately tracked surface drifters, we study the structure of submesoscale surface velocity fluctuations in the Northern Gulf Mexico. Observed two-point statistics confirm the accuracy of classic turbulence scaling laws at 200m$-$50km scales and clearly indicate that dispersion at the submesoscales is \textit{local}, driven predominantly by energetic submesoscale fluctuations.} The results demonstrate the feasibility and utility of deploying large clusters of drifting instruments to provide synoptic observations of spatial variability of the ocean surface velocity field. Our findings allow quantification of the submesoscale-driven dispersion missing in current operational circulation models and satellite altimeter-derived velocity fields.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure

The current practice of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation: results from the Benchmark Registry

OBJECTIVES This study presents clinical data from the first large registry of aortic counterpulsation, a computerized database that incorporates prospectively gathered data on indications for intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) use, patient demographics, concomitant medication and in-hospital outcomes and complications. BACKGROUND The intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is widely used to provide circulatory support for patients experiencing hemodynamic instability due to myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock, or in very high risk patients undergoing angioplasty or coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS Between June 1996 and August 2000, 203 hospitals worldwide (90% U.S., 10% non-U.S.) collected 16,909 patient case records (68.8% men, 31.2% women; mean age 65.9 ± 11.7 years). RESULTS The most frequent indications for use of IABP were as follows: to provide hemodynamic support during or after cardiac catheterization (20.6%), cardiogenic shock (18.8%), weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (16.1%), preoperative use in high risk patients (13.0%) and refractory unstable angina (12.3%). Major IABP complications (major limb ischemia, severe bleeding, balloon leak, death directly due to IABP insertion or failure) occurred in 2.6% of cases; in-hospital mortality was 21.2% (11.6% with the balloon in place). Female gender, high age and peripheral vascular disease were independent predictors of a serious complication. CONCLUSIONS This registry provides a useful tool for monitoring the evolving practice of IABP. In the modern-day practice of IABP, complication rates are generally low, although in-hospital mortality remains high. There is an increased risk of major complications in women, older patients and patients with peripheral vascular disease