Study of nonlinear dynamics of a particle on a rotating parabola by using efficient mathematical techniques

In this paper, nonlinear dynamics of a particle on a rotating parabola arising in the mechanical engineering is proposed. Two efficient mathematical techniques called variational iteration method and variational approach are used to solve the governing differential equation of motion. To assess the accuracy of solutions, we compare the results with the Runge-Kutta 4th order. An excellent agreement of solutions with the numerical results and published results has been demonstrated. The results reveal that the present methods are very effective and convenient in predicting the solution of such problems and find a wide application in new engineering problems

Periodic solution to a nonlinear oscillator arising in micro electro mechanical system

In this paper, a periodic solution of nonlinear oscillator arising in the micro-beam based microelectromechanical system (MEMS) has been analytically achieved. The Amplitude Frequency Formulation (AFF) and Max Min Approach (MMA) have been used. In the second method (which is called MMA), an approximate solution of the nonlinear equation can be easily deduced by finding Maximal and minimal solution thresholds of this nonlinear problem. What we understood is that both methods, works properly and scales down the deal of the work. Compare conclusions with the results from fourth order Runge-Kutta method and energy balance method (EBM) shows that obtained results are of high accuracy and convenient

Enhancing Readability and Detection of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging: An AI Approach

Data Availability Statement: The data presented in this study are openly available in: https://github.com/jodeiri/An-Ensemble-Deep-Learning-Model-for-AMD-Classification-using-OCT-images.git (accessed on 10 February 2024).Artificial intelligence has been used effectively in medical diagnosis. The objective of this project is to examine the application of a collective AI model using weighted fusion of predicted probabilities from different AI architectures to diagnose various retinal conditions based on optical coherence tomography (OCT). A publicly available Noor dataset, comprising 16,822, images from 554 retinal OCT scans of 441 patients, was used to predict a diverse spectrum of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) stages: normal, drusen, or choroidal neovascularization. These predictions were compared with predictions from ResNet, EfficientNet, and Attention models, respectively, using precision, recall, F1 score, and confusion matric and receiver operating characteristics curves. Our collective model demonstrated superior accuracy in classifying AMD compared to individual ResNet, EfficientNet, and Attention models, showcasing the effectiveness of using trainable weights in the ensemble fusion process, where these weights dynamically adapt during training rather than being fixed values. Specifically, our ensemble model achieved an accuracy of 91.88%, precision of 92.54%, recall of 92.01%, and F1 score of 92.03%, outperforming individual models. Our model also highlights the refinement process undertaken through a thorough examination of initially misclassified cases, leading to significant improvements in the model’s accuracy rate to 97%. This study also underscores the potential of AI as a valuable tool in ophthalmology. The proposed ensemble model, combining different mechanisms highlights the benefits of model fusion for complex medical image analysis.This research received no external funding

Concurrent Learning Approach for Estimation of Pelvic Tilt from Anterior–Posterior Radiograph

Data Availability Statement: Dataset available on request from the authors.Accurate and reliable estimation of the pelvic tilt is one of the essential pre-planning factors for total hip arthroplasty to prevent common post-operative complications such as implant impingement and dislocation. Inspired by the latest advances in deep learning-based systems, our focus in this paper has been to present an innovative and accurate method for estimating the functional pelvic tilt (PT) from a standing anterior–posterior (AP) radiography image. We introduce an encoder–decoder-style network based on a concurrent learning approach called VGG-UNET (VGG embedded in U-NET), where a deep fully convolutional network known as VGG is embedded at the encoder part of an image segmentation network, i.e., U-NET. In the bottleneck of the VGG-UNET, in addition to the decoder path, we use another path utilizing light-weight convolutional and fully connected layers to combine all extracted feature maps from the final convolution layer of VGG and thus regress PT. In the test phase, we exclude the decoder path and consider only a single target task i.e., PT estimation. The absolute errors obtained using VGG-UNET, VGG, and Mask R-CNN are 3.04 ± 2.49, 3.92 ± 2.92, and 4.97 ± 3.87, respectively. It is observed that the VGG-UNET leads to a more accurate prediction with a lower standard deviation (STD). Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed multi-task network leads to a significantly improved performance compared to the best-reported results based on cascaded networks.This research received no external funding

Study on the effect of aromatase inhibitors and antiestrogens on the sex differentiation of broiler chicks

During the development of chick embryo, the genotype of the zygote determines the nature of the gonads, which thereafter creates the male or female phenotype. Differentiation of gonads during the period called “critical period for sexual differentiation “is accompanied with beginning of secretion of sexual hormones. Every change in the rate of steroidal hormones concentration during this critical period, affects on the structure of gonads. Therefore, injection of aromatase inhibitors (which blocks the synthesis of estrogen from testostron) in 5th day of incubation into the eggs, causes the production of males with female genotype. These sex reversal females have bilateral testes with complete spermatogenesis, having normal physical appearance and behavior. In this study, 14-α-hydroxy 3,6,17, androstan-trion inhibitor (1mg/egg) was injected into the eggs. Furthermore, the effect of three anti-estrogens (which blocks the estrogen receptor) Tamoxifen, and Clomiphen Citrate and GAR79 were studied. Injection of aromatase inhibitors into the eggs during incubation period caused statistically significant (

Effect of different concentrations of nisin on starter culture of model Cheeses manufactured from ultrafiltrated milk

Nisin is a natural preservative produced by strains of Lactococcuslactis subsp. Lactis, has been approved for use in food by the Joint Food and Agricultural Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) Committee on Food Additives and has been awarded generally recognized as safe (GRAS). It remains the only bacteriocin allowed in food as an addedpreservative. Nisin has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity againstgram-positive bacteria, thus one of the problems associated with nisin application is inhibition of starter culture and prevention of ripening, which is required for development of cheese characteristics during ripening. In the current study, the effects of different concentrations of nisin and temperature on growth and activity of lactic acid bacteria in model cheeses manufactured from ultrafiltrated milk was evaluated. Cheese samples were supplemented with nisin at concentrations of 0, 2, 4 and 6 µg/g and stored at 8 and 25 °C up to 60 days. Microbiological and physico-chemical properties of the cheese samples were analyzedat 0, 1, 8, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. Results showed that addition of nisin at concentrations of 4 and 6 µg/g affects (

Impact of salt concentration on persistence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Iranian UF white cheese

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Mycobacterium paratuberculosis) is considered as a potential significant public health threat due to its possible association with Crohn’s disease in humans. This is a study aimed to investigate the effect of different salt concentrations on survival of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis during ripening and storage of Iranian ultra-filtrate-white cheese (IUFWC). For this purpose, retentate was inoculated with 2 Log cfu/g of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. Afterwards, model cheeses were prepared with 2%, 3% and 4% of salt. Quantity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was estimated throughout the ripening and storage of IUFWC using F57-quantitative real time PCR (F57-qPCR) and culture assay. Along with, the populations of lactic acid bacteria as well as physicochemical properties of cheese samples were determined. According to the results, at the early stage of storage period (1 to 30 days) the number of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was almost constant; however, it was decreased significantly (

AN EFFICIENT ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR VIBRATION PROBLEMS

ABSTRACT In this paper, we implement a new analytical technique, variational iteration method for solving the some vibration problems. The variational iteration algorithm leads to analytical solutions in the present study. The results show that the present method can be easily extended to other nonlinear oscillations and it can be predicted that variational iteration method can be found widely applicable in engineering and physics

egmental aplasia of the penis and urethra in male goat (Case report)

A male goat with significant penis sheath distension and lack of urine, 48 hours after birth was referred to the Large Animal Clinic of veterinary Faculty of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz. With puncture, pale yellow serous fluid with urine like smell was removed from the distended site. In preliminary examinations, ruptured urethra was tentatively and prineal urethrotomy was performed. After urethral catheterization urethral obstruction near the end of urethra and in intraoperative investigation diagnosed was performed absence of part of the penis and urethra (that does not allow the urinary catheterisation) was determined. With separation of urethra the from adjacent tissues permanent prineal uretherostomy in order to create the ability to urinate, the urethra opened and its edges sutured to the external surfaces of skin and fixed. Fluid therapy and antibiotic therapy was performed postoperatively. In follow-up after surgery, there was no distension and inflammation and the goat was in perfect health. Congenital aplasia of the urethra with penile segmental aplasia is rare cases with very low occurrence in domestic animals