Quantum superchemistry in an output coupler of coherent matter waves

We investigate the quantum superchemistry or Bose-enhanced atom-molecule conversions in a coherent output coupler of matter waves, as a simple generalization of the two-color photo-association. The stimulated effects of molecular output step and atomic revivals are exhibited by steering the rf output couplings. The quantum noise-induced molecular damping occurs near a total conversion in a levitation trap. This suggests a feasible two-trap scheme to make a stable coherent molecular beam.Comment: 3 figures, accepted by Phys.Rev.A (submitted to prl in July, transferred to pra in Sep. and accepted in Nov.

Proteasome Inhibitors: Harnessing Proteostasis to Combat Disease

The proteasome is the central component of the main cellular protein degradation pathway. During the past four decades, the critical function of the proteasome in numerous physiological processes has been revealed, and proteasome activity has been linked to various human diseases. The proteasome prevents the accumulation of misfolded proteins, controls the cell cycle, and regulates the immune response, to name a few important roles for this macromolecular “machine.” As a therapeutic target, proteasome inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. However, inability to sufficiently inhibit proteasome activity at tolerated doses has hampered efforts to expand the scope of proteasome inhibitor-based therapies. With emerging new modalities in myeloma, it might seem challenging to develop additional proteasome-based therapies. However, the constant development of new applications for proteasome inhibitors and deeper insights into the intricacies of protein homeostasis suggest that proteasome inhibitors might have novel therapeutic applications. Herein, we summarize the latest advances in proteasome inhibitor development and discuss the future of proteasome inhibitors and other proteasome-based therapies in combating human diseases

Gorensteinness of invariant subrings of quantum algebras

We prove Auslander-Gorenstein and \GKdim-Macaulay properties for certain invariant subrings of some quantum algebras, the Weyl algebras, and the universal enveloping algebras of finite dimensional Lie algebras.Comment: AMSTEX, 18 pages. Revised and corrected versio

The density profile of equilibrium and non-equilibrium dark matter halos

We study the diversity of the density profiles of dark matter halos based on a large set of high-resolution cosmological simulations of 256^3 particles. The cosmological models include four scale-free models and three representative cold dark matter models. The simulations have good force resolution, and there are about 400 massive halos with more than 10^4 particles within the virial radius in each cosmological model. Our unbiased selection of all massive halos enables to quantify how well the bulk of dark matter halos can be described by the Navarro, Frenk & White (NFW) profile which was established for equilibrium halos. We find that about seventy percent of the halos can be fitted by the NFW profile with a fitting residual dvi_{max} less than 30% in Omega_0=1 universes. This percentage is higher in lower density cosmological models. The rest of the halos exhibits larger deviations from the NFW profile for more significant internal substructures. There is a considerable amount of variation in the density profile even for the halos which can be fitted by the NFW profile (i.e. dvi_{max}<0.30). The distribution of the profile parameter, the concentration $c$, can be well described by a lognormal function with the mean value \bar c slightly smaller (15%) than the NFW result and the dispersion \sigma_c in \ln c about 0.25. The more virialized halos with dvi_{max}<0.15 have the mean value \bar c in good agreement with the NFW result and a slightly smaller dispersion \sigma_c (about 0.2). Our results can alleviate some of the conflicts found recently between the theoretical NFW profile and observational results. Implications for theoretical and observational studies of galaxy formation are discussed.Comment: The final version accepted for publication in ApJ; one figure and one paragraph added to demonstrate that all the conclusions of the first version are solid to the resoltuion effects; 19 pages with 6 figure

PUBLIC INVESTMENT AND CHINA'S GRAIN PRODUCTION COMPETITIVENESS UNDER WTO

China's accession to the WTO poses great challenges to the Chinese agricultural sector, especially to the grain producers. Compared with major grain exporters in the world, most grain crops in China are high in production cost and weak in market competitiveness. This can be partly attributed to the fact that Chinese farmers are facing with poorer agricultural production infrastructures and inadequate public investment in agricultural research and extension, which leads to the lower efficiency in private inputs and thus higher private cost per unit of product. After China joining the WTO, protective and administrative measures conflicted with the URAA cannot be utilized as before. Alternative measures should be explored to provide help to farmers to improve competitiveness of their product. Public investment in agricultural research and other production infrastructures should be considered with high priority as one of the policy alternatives. This paper examines the effects of public investment in agricultural research on the reduction of production cost of major grain crops in China by using crop-specific data for the past 20 year. It is concluded that, increasing public investment in agricultural research, which is well within the "green box" policy framework and allowed by the WTO rules, is a plausible and effective measure to reduce grain producer's private input and to enhance the competitiveness of grain products. It is also of great significance to sustained food security in China.public investment, agricultural research, grain production, China, WTO, Crop Production/Industries, H540, Q170, Q180,

Eigenstates of Paraparticle Creation Operators

Eigenstates of the parabose and parafermi creation operators are constructed. In the Dirac contour representation, the parabose eigenstates correspond to the dual vectors of the parabose coherent states. In order $p=2$, conserved-charge parabose creation operator eigenstates are also constructed. The contour forms of the associated resolutions of unity are obtained.Comment: 14 pages, LaTex file, no macros, no figure

Improving LMOF luminescence quantum yield through guest-mediated rigidification

Rotation of a specific pyridyl ring in LMOF-236 is locked by loading guest molecules into the MOF's pore, improving quantum yield by nearly 400%–an example of a generalizable strategy for maximizing quantum yield via guest-packing rigidification