Query rewriting under linear EL knowledge bases

With the adoption of the recent SPARQL 1.1 standard, RDF databases are capable of directly answering more expressive queries than simple conjunctive queries. In this paper we exploit such capabilities to answer conjunctive queries (CQs) under ontologies expressed in the description logic called linear EL-lin, a restricted form of EL. In particular, we show a query answering algorithm that rewrites a given CQ into a conjunctive regular path query (CRPQ) which, evaluated on the given instance, returns the correct answer. Our technique is based on the representation of infinite unions of CQs by non-deterministic finite-state automata. Our results achieve optimal data complexity, as well as producing rewritings straightforwardly implementable in SPARQL 1.1

Variable order Mittag-Leffler fractional operators on isolated time scales and application to the calculus of variations

We introduce new fractional operators of variable order on isolated time scales with Mittag-Leffler kernels. This allows a general formulation of a class of fractional variational problems involving variable-order difference operators. Main results give fractional integration by parts formulas and necessary optimality conditions of Euler-Lagrange type.Comment: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form is with Springe

Characterization and production of shiitake (Lentinula edodes) in Mexico using supplemented sawdust

The cultivation of shiitake in Latin America started during the early 1980's, and several attempts for its commercial cultivation have been carried out during the last decade in Guatemala, Colombia, Mexico, Argentina and Brazil. However, a major constrain has been the lack of basic research, allowing further development. In this work, we studied two genotypes of Lentinula edodes (CP-7 and CP-163) selected from 16 strains being used in the region at different levels, in order to assess their mycelial growth rate in Petri dishes, as well as yield (biologic efficiency, production rate) and quality of fruit bodies, using 10 different formulations of supplemented sawdust from a common Mexican oak tree (Quercus acutifolia Neé). The best mycelial development was 8.5 mm/day for the genotype CP-163 cultivated on 70% Quercus sawdust, 10% corn-cobs, 10% maize stubble, 7% wheat bran and 3% rice meal. The highest yield was recorded in the genotype CP-7, using 60% Quercus sawdust, 28.5% corn-cobs, 10% maize stubble, 1.5% gypsum, thiamine (100 mg/kg), and magnesium sulfate (20 g/100 kg); reaching a biologic efficiency of 103%, a production rate of 1.3, and a high proportion (41.8%) of fruit bodies, having good commercial quality (41 to 70 g fresh weight, > 12 cm cap diameter and 96.5% of regular shape). On the basis of this study, this last genotype and formulation was recommended, as well as to establish a breeding program at the molecular level for shiitake production on a large scale in Mexico or other Latin American countries.Keywords: Edible mushrooms, genotypes, substrates, mycelial growth rate, biologic efficienc

Antibacterial activity of crude extracts from Mexican plants against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of 36 extracts from 18 vegetal species used as soap, insecticides, insect repellent and for the treatment of several diseases likely associated to microorganisms. The vegetal species were collected in Oaxaca, Puebla and Veracruz States, México. The extracts were evaluated against isolates of nosocomial infections of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus coagulase negative resistant to Methicillin by a modificated agar diffusion method. The results demonstrate an important antibacterial effect in vitro, against all of the strains of Staphylococcus tested mainly with those from Vernonanthura oaxacana, Trixis silvatica, and with those of Perezia hebeclada. The minimum inhibitory concentration for V. oaxacana and P. hebeclada was 250 μg/disc and for T. silvatica it was 15 μg/disc. These extracts showed an important potential that would contribute to the development of new agents against infections by Staphylococcus.Key words: Crude extracts, antimicrobial activity, intrahospitalary infections, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus coagulase negative

Genomic insights into the population history and adaptive traits of Latin American Criollo cattle.

Criollo cattle, the descendants of animals brought by Iberian colonists to the Americas, have been the subject of natural and human-mediated selection in novel tropical agroecological zones for centuries. Consequently, these breeds have evolved distinct characteristics such as resistance to diseases and exceptional heat tolerance. In addition to European taurine (Bos taurus) ancestry, it has been proposed that gene flow from African taurine and Asian indicine (Bos indicus) cattle has shaped the ancestry of Criollo cattle. In this study, we analysed Criollo breeds from Colombia and Venezuela using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array data to examine population structure and admixture at high resolution. Analysis of genetic structure and ancestry components provided evidence for African taurine and Asian indicine admixture in Criollo cattle. In addition, using WGS data, we detected selection signatures associated with a myriad of adaptive traits, revealing genes linked to thermotolerance, reproduction, fertility, immunity and distinct coat and skin coloration traits. This study underscores the remarkable adaptability of Criollo cattle and highlights the genetic richness and potential of these breeds in the face of climate change, habitat flux and disease challenges. Further research is warranted to leverage these findings for more effective and sustainable cattle breeding programmes

Maximum Likelihood Finite-Element Model Updating of Civil Engineering Structures Using Nature-Inspired Computational Algorithms

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Taylor & Francis via the DOI in this recordIn finite-element model updating, numerical models are calibrated in order to better mimic the real behaviour of structures. Such updating process is usually performed under the maximum likelihood method in practical engineering applications. According to this, the updating problem is transformed into an optimization problem. The objective function of this problem is usually defined in terms of the relative differences between the numerical and the experimental modal properties of the structure. To this aim, either (1) a single-objective or (2) a multi-objective approach may be adopted. Due to the complexity of the problem, global optimizers are usually considered for its solution. Among these algorithms, nature-inspired computational algorithms have been widely employed. Nevertheless, such model updating approach presents two main limitations: (1) a clear dependence between the updated model and the objective function considered; and (2) a high computational cost. In order to overcome these drawbacks, a detailed study has been performed herein both to establish the most adequate objective function to tackle the problem and to further assist in the selection of the most efficient computational algorithm among several well-known ones. For this purpose, a laboratory footbridge has been considered as benchmark to conduct the updating process under different scenarios.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of SpainEuropean Regional Development FundUniversidad de Sevill

Problemas relacionados con el alcohol: perfil del varón de riesgo.

Estudio de población general realizado mediante una encuesta transversal sobre un universo de 1.365 varones. Su objetivo es dibujar un perfil personal de alto riesgo de padecer problemas relacionados con el alcohol. Un 9% de los entrevistados refiere haber sufrido al menos tres problemas relacionados con el alcohol en el año anterior al estudio. Los consumidores habituales excesivos presentan mayor probabilidad de sufrir tres problemas relacionados con el alcohol. Se confirma la figura del joven, soltero, de medio semiurbano, y perteneciente a la clase social baja como de riesgo especial para sufrir tres o más problemas relacionados con el alcohol, independientemente de su consumo etílico

Problemas relacionados con el alcohol: perfil del varón de riesgo.

Estudio de población general realizado mediante una encuesta transversal sobre un universo de 1.365 varones. Su objetivo es dibujar un perfil personal de alto riesgo de padecer problemas relacionados con el alcohol. Un 9% de los entrevistados refiere haber sufrido al menos tres problemas relacionados con el alcohol en el año anterior al estudio. Los consumidores habituales excesivos presentan mayor probabilidad de sufrir tres problemas relacionados con el alcohol. Se confirma la figura del joven, soltero, de medio semiurbano, y perteneciente a la clase social baja como de riesgo especial para sufrir tres o más problemas relacionados con el alcohol, independientemente de su consumo etílico