1,162 research outputs found
Sexually charged: the views of gay and bisexual men on criminal prosecution for sexual HIV transmission
Crustal Thickening, Partial Melting, and Strain Localization: Insights from the Leo Pargil dome, NW India
Abstract HKT-ISTP 2013
A
Implications for telehealth for accessing education in rural areas: children with a severe chronic disease.
Children and their families who live in rural and remote areas are often disadvantaged by distance. In healthcare, this can be especially problematic. Children can suffer from a range of chronic conditions, e.g. diabetes, asthma, cardiac conditions, cystic fibrosis and others. In Australia, health services for children and families with such conditions are centred in specialist childrenâs hospitals in the capital cities in each state, but the burden of health care often falls to the parents and the children themselves.
While rural health services do a wonderful job providing health care for these children, it is very rare to find specialist services in any rural situation. For example, children with cystic fibrosis who live in remote parts of Queensland attend specialist clinics in their local hospital twice or three times a year for routine check-ups, when the cystic fibrosis team of nurses, doctors and allied health staff from the childrenâs hospital in Brisbane travels to rural areas. If children become acutely ill, they might be able to be treated in the local hospital if they are not too sick, or they could be taken to the childrenâs hospital in Brisbane by their parents. If they are having a serious exacerbation of the illness, they will be transported there by aircraft and ambulance.
Any child being sick is stressful for the family, regardless of where they live. However, if families live thousands of kilometres from the main treatment centres, scenarios described above can be common, with subsequent family disruption and emotional, social and economic costs.
Telehealth is being installed in many rural and remote health services, thereby allowing country families the benefit of specialist consultation and care. However, governments and health departments are only slowly engaging with such technology.
This paper presents findings of a study in Far North Queensland which examined how care was delivered to rural and remote families with children with cystic fibrosis, and how they cope. It will discuss how telehealth could improve care to such families and pose questions about why this is so slow in being implemented in Australia
Inhibition of alpha7 nicotinic receptors in the ventral hippocampus selectively attenuates reinstatement of morphineâconditioned place preference and associated changes in AMPA receptor binding
Recurrent relapse is a major problem in treating opiate addiction. Pavlovian conditioning plays a role in recurrent relapse whereby exposure to cues learned during drug intake can precipitate relapse to drug taking. α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have been implicated in attentional aspects of cognition and mechanisms of learning and memory. In this study we have investigated the role of α7 nAChRs in morphineâconditioned place preference (morphineâCPP). CPP provides a model of associative learning that is pertinent to associative aspects of drug dependence. The α7 nAChR antagonist methyllycaconitine (MLA; 4 mg/kg s.c.) had no effect on the acquisition, maintenance, reconsolidation or extinction of morphineâCPP but selectively attenuated morphineâprimed reinstatement of CPP, in both mice and rats. Reinstatement of morphineâCPP in mice was accompanied by a selective increase in [3H]âAMPA binding (but not in [3H]âMK801 binding) in the ventral hippocampus that was prevented by prior treatment with MLA. Administration of MLA (6.7 ÎŒg) directly into the ventral hippocampus of rats prior to a systemic priming dose of morphine abolished reinstatement of morphineâCPP, whereas MLA delivered into the dorsal hippocampus or prefrontal cortex was without effect. These results suggest that α7 nAChRs in the ventral hippocampus play a specific role in the retrieval of associative drug memories following a period of extinction, making them potential targets for the prevention of relapse
My Care, I Care: A study of what people with HIV value about NHS HIV services across London
Duration: January 2012 - March 2013
As part of a larger review of HIV services in London, the London Specialised Commissioning Group (SCG) commissioned Sigma Research to investigate the views of people with diagnosed HIV about the London NHS HIV services provided to them. The final report from the research, which included a large-scale self-completion survey and eight focus groups, is available to download here. It is also available in printed format, free to UK addresses here.
Almost 1400 people with diagnosed HIV self-completion the survey which was available in HIV clinics and online from early February to the end of July 2012. The survey covered: demographics, current service use, motivations for service choice, aspirations for service development and broader social care needs. Sampling and recruitment were controlled in an attempt to ensure a sample broadly representative of the population of people using HIV clinical services in London and to ensure representation from all 28 London clinics. The survey was promoted online by HIV organisations and some HIV clinics. In addition paper copies of the survey were administered by dedicated fieldworkers in all the 28 specialist HIV out-patients clinics in Greater London. Eight focus groups with key groups of people with HIV were used to investigate in more detail motivations for service use, satisfaction with services and aspirations and suggestions for service development
What do you need? 2007-08 findings from a national survey of people with diagnosed HIV
Over the past twenty-five years, both the needs of people with diagnosed HIV and our
understanding of them have changed dramatically. During this time there have been many
assessments of need, usually within specific geographic boundaries (such as Primary Care Trusts)
but no consistent approach to describing needs has been adopted. Most needs assessments have
been shaped by a variety of local factors, including the profile of existing services.
This study provides an insight into the needs of people with diagnosed HIV living in the UK, based
on a final sample of 1777 people. The approach taken to measuring and describing need is the same
as our previous national survey (Weatherburn et al. 2002). This approach was shaped by our earlier
qualitative studies exploring the experience of people with diagnosed HIV in the early days
of anti-HIV treatments (Anderson et al. 2000, Anderson & Weatherburn 1999, Anderson &
Weatherburn 1998).
While this study uses the same methods as our 2001-2002 survey we do not draw direct
comparisons with our previous data or discuss change over time. The limitations of self-completion
surveys using convenience samples make change comparisons hazardous. However, it is worth
noting that in any comparison with our prior data (Weatherburn et al. 2002) current levels of need
very rarely seem lower than we have previously reported.
The range and extent of medical and social care, support and information needs we present here
reveal significant challenges for service commissioners and providers. The first challenge is to avoid
drawing quick conclusions about what the patterns of need mean for service commissioning and
delivery. Needs have deliberately been separated from service use because the question of what
services are âneededâ cannot be answered simply by identifying the extent of personal needs. The
overall pattern of need is a useful starting point, but this pattern is complex
Plus One: HIV diagnosis and disclosure
Plus One: HIV sero-discordant relationships among black African people in England (NAHIP)
Duration: September 2010 - November 2011
Plus One involved in-depth, face-to-face interviews with black African people living in England who were in relationships where one person had diagnosed HIV and the other did not (ie. HIV serodiscordant)
Plus One: External Influences
Plus One: HIV sero-discordant relationships among black African people in England (NAHIP)
Duration: September 2010 - November 2011
Plus One involved in-depth, face-to-face interviews with black African people living in England who were in relationships where one person had diagnosed HIV and the other did not (ie. HIV serodiscordant).
Catherine Dodds, Peter , Annabel ,
Edith , John , Lawrence , Pamela , Kathie & Gary
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