Strategi Penguatan Kelembagaan Ekonomi Agribisnis Kopi secara Integratif di Kecamatan Sumber Wringin Kabupaten Bondowoso

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi penguatan kelembagaan ekonomi agribisnis kopi secara integratif. Penentuan daerah penelitian ditentukan secara sengaja (purposive method) . Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan analitik. Metode pengambilan contoh dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive sampling). Penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan alat analisis medan kekuatan (Force Field Analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategipenguatan kelembagaan ekonomi agribisnis kopi secara integrative adalah dengan Perumusan model strategi penguatan kelembagaan ekonomi pada agribisnis kopi berupa sinergitas pola komunikasi antar kelembagaan ekonomi dan stakeholder yang terlibat dalam agribisnis kopi di Kecamatan Sumber Wringin

Stark effect and generalized Bloch-Siegert shift in a strongly driven two-level system

A superconducting qubit was driven in an ultrastrong fashion by an oscillatory microwave field, which was created by coupling via the nonlinear Josephson energy. The observed Stark shifts of the `atomic' levels are so pronounced that corrections even beyond the lowest-order Bloch-Siegert shift are needed to properly explain the measurements. The quasienergies of the dressed two-level system were probed by resonant absorption via a cavity, and the results are in agreement with a calculation based on the Floquet approach.Comment: 4+ page

Self-assembly, nematic phase formation and organocatalytic behaviour of a proline-functionalized lipopeptide

The self-assembly of the amphiphilic lipopeptide PAEPKI-C16 (P = proline, A = alanine, E = glutamic acid, K = lysine, I = isoleucine, C16 = hexadecyl) was investigated using a combination of spectroscopic, microscopic and scattering methods and compared to C16-IKPEAP with the same (reversed) peptide sequence and the alkyl chain positioned N-terminally and which lacks a free N-terminal proline residue. The catalytic activity of these peptides were then compared using a model aldol reaction system. For PAEPKI-C16, Cryo-TEM images showed the formation of micrometer length fibers, which by Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) were found to have a radius of 2.5 - 2.6 nm. Spectroscopic analysis shows these fibers are built from -sheets. This behaviour is in complete contrast to that of C16-IKPEAP which forms spherical micelles with peptides in a disordered conformation [Hutchinson, J. A. et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2019, 123, 613]. For PAEPKI-C16, the spontaneous alignment of fibers was observed upon increasing pH, which was accompanied by observed birefringence and anisotropy of SAXS patterns. This shows the formation of a nematic liquids and unprecedented nematic hydrogel formation was also observed these lipopeptides at sufficiently high concentrations. SAXS shows retention of an ultrafine (1.7 nm core radius) fibrillar network within the hydrogel. PAEPKI-C16 with free N-terminal proline shows enhanced anti:syn diastereoselectivity and better conversion compared to C16-IKPEAP. The cytotoxicity of PAEPKI-C16 was also lower than C16-IKPEAP for both fibroblast and cancer cell lines. These results highlight the sensitivity of lipopeptide properties to the presence of a free proline residue. The spontaneous nematic phase formation by PAEPKI-C16 points to the highly anisotropy of its ultrafine fibrillar structure and the formation of such a phase at low concentration in aqueous solution may be valuable for future applications

Evaluation of invitro Antimutagenic Potential of Lagenaria Siceraria Using Ame’s Test

Cancer is one of the most life-threatening diseases and widespread in both developed and developing countries. Accumulation of genetic alterations is main etiology for cancer developments. Many of the Cucurbitaceae plants possess antitumor activity traditionally. Methanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria Standley Fruit was tested for their antimutagenic potential. The extract of plant exhibited varying level of antimutagenicity. Ames test was used in the current study to evaluate antimutagenic activity in TA98 and TA100 strains of Salmonella typhimurium using direct (Sodium azide) acting mutagens. Results of the study showed significant antimutagenicity against mutagen in TA98 and TA100 strains. The antimutagenicity of the extract observed in the present study implies chemopreventive pharmacological importance of Lagenaria siceraria Standley Fruit and encourages its use as a functional food

The effect of maternal position on placental blood flow and fetoplacental oxygenation in late gestation fetal growth restriction: a magnetic resonance imaging study

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) and maternal supine going-to-sleep position are both risk factors for late stillbirth. This study aimed to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to quantify the effect of maternal supine position on maternal-placental and fetoplacental blood flow, placental oxygen transfer and fetal oxygenation in FGR and healthy pregnancies. Twelve women with FGR and 27 women with healthy pregnancies at 34–38 weeks’ gestation underwent MRI in both left lateral and supine positions. Phase-contrast MRI and a functional MRI technique (DECIDE) were used to measure blood flow in the maternal internal iliac arteries (IIAs) and umbilical vein (UV), placental oxygen transfer (placental flux), fetal oxygen saturation (FO2), and fetal oxygen delivery (delivery flux). The presence of FGR, compared to healthy pregnancies, was associated with a 7.8% lower FO2 (P = 0.02), reduced placental flux, and reduced delivery flux. Maternal supine positioning caused a 3.8% reduction in FO2 (P = 0.001), and significant reductions in total IIA flow, placental flux, UV flow and delivery flux compared to maternal left lateral position. The effect of maternal supine position on fetal oxygen delivery was independent of FGR pregnancy, meaning that supine positioning has an additive effect of reducing fetal oxygenation further in women with FGR, compared to women with appropriately grown for age pregnancies. Meanwhile, the effect of maternal supine positioning on placental oxygen transfer was not independent of the effect of FGR. Therefore, growth-restricted fetuses, which are chronically hypoxaemic, experience a relatively greater decline in oxygen transfer when mothers lie supine in late gestation compared to appropriately growing fetuses. (Figure presented.). Key points: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is the most common risk factor associated with stillbirth, and early recognition and timely delivery is vital to reduce this risk. Maternal supine going-to-sleep position is found to increase the risk of late stillbirth but when combined with having a FGR pregnancy, maternal supine position leads to 15 times greater odds of stillbirth compared to supine sleeping with appropriately grown for age (AGA) pregnancies. Using MRI, this study quantifies the chronic hypoxaemia experienced by growth-restricted fetuses due to 13.5% lower placental oxygen transfer and 26% lower fetal oxygen delivery compared to AGA fetuses. With maternal supine positioning, there is a 23% reduction in maternal-placental blood flow and a further 14% reduction in fetal oxygen delivery for both FGR and AGA pregnancies, but this effect is proportionally greater for growth-restricted fetuses. This knowledge emphasises the importance of avoiding supine positioning in late pregnancy, particularly for vulnerable FGR pregnancies

Kinetic Limit for Wave Propagation in a Random Medium

We study crystal dynamics in the harmonic approximation. The atomic masses are weakly disordered, in the sense that their deviation from uniformity is of order epsilon^(1/2). The dispersion relation is assumed to be a Morse function and to suppress crossed recollisions. We then prove that in the limit epsilon to 0 the disorder averaged Wigner function on the kinetic scale, time and space of order epsilon^(-1), is governed by a linear Boltzmann equation.Comment: 71 pages, 3 figure

Detection of anti-drug antibodies using a bridging ELISA compared with radioimmunoassay in adalimumab-treated rheumatoid arthritis patients with random drug levels

Objective: To determine the concordance between RIA and bridging ELISA at detecting anti-drug antibodies (ADAbs) in the context of random adalimumab levels and investigate the additional clinical utility of detecting ADAbs in RA patients who test ADAb positive by RIA and negative by ELISA. Methods: ADAb levels were determined using RIA and bridging ELISA in 63 adalimumab treated RA patients (159 samples). Immunogenicity concordance was determined using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves. To determine the additional clinical value provided by a positive RIA in the presence of negative ELISA, association between treatment response (ΔDAS28), adalimumab drug levels and ADAbs was evaluated longitudinally using generalised estimating equation. Results: Of the 60 RIA+ samples (n=31 patients), 19 (n=10 patients) were also ELISA+, corresponding to 31.7% of samples. Area under the curve (AUC) for detecting ADAbs using ELISA (compared with RIA) using ROC curves was 0.65 (95% CI: 0.59-0.71); this increased to 0.91 (95% CI: 0.81-0.99) if ADAbs were ≥100 AU/ml using RIA. In RIA+/ELISA- patients, adalimumab levels were associated with ΔDAS28 over 12 months [regression coefficient: 0.098 (0.043-0.15), p<0.0001] and whilst ADAbs were significantly associated with drug level, they were not directly associated with ΔDAS28 over 12 months [β coefficient: 0.00083 (-0.0038 to 0.0054), p=0.72]. Conclusion: ADAbs were detected using ELISA more frequently when present in high titres as measured by RIA. In RIA+/ELISA- patients, only drug levels were significantly associated with treatment response. Although ADAbs were not independently associated with treatment response, they may be helpful in determining the aetiology of low drug levels

A Fuzzy Criticality Assessment System of Process Equipment for Optimized Maintenance Management.

yesIn modern chemical plants, it is essential to establish an effective maintenance strategy which will deliver financially driven results at optimised conditions, that is, minimum cost and time, by means of a criticality review of equipment in maintenance. In this article, a fuzzy logic-based criticality assessment system (FCAS) for the management of a local company’s equipment maintenance is introduced. This fuzzy system is shown to improve the conventional crisp criticality assessment system (CCAS). Results from case studies show that not only can the fuzzy logic-based system do what the conventional crisp system does but also it can output more criticality classifications with an improved reliability and a greater number of different ratings that account for fuzziness and individual voice of the decision-makers

An evaluation of the epidemiology of medication discrepancies and clinical significance of medicines reconciliation in children admitted to hospital.

To determine the incidence of unintended medication discrepancies in paediatric patients at the time of hospital admission; evaluate the process of medicines reconciliation; assess the benefit of medicines reconciliation in preventing clinical harm