ANALYSING THE BIOCATALYTIC ASPECT OF AMYLASE FROM PLANT AND MICROBIAL SOURCES FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION

Objective: Biocatalysts have a wide role in industries and amylases are one of the best enzymes used in various industries as they stay stable physically and chemically even under environmental or physical stress. Extraction of amylase from plant sources like chickpea and green pea and also the microbial source of Bacillus subtilis. Methods: Enzymatic activity was determined by enzyme assay and purified through the following steps such as salt precipitation, dialysis, Ion-exchange chromatography and characterized using SDS PAGE. Results: Enzymatic activity of amylase produced by bacillus subtilis was determined the highest (4600 U/ml) activity and molecular weight 48.9kDa was recorded. Conclusion: Amylase is a highly important enzyme that breaks down the starch molecules into simple sugars. It has potential in a wide range of industrial processes such as food, fermentation and pharmaceutical industries. All the sources used in this study proves that the bacteria have the highest concentration of enzyme in the form of protein

BIODEGRADABLE PLASTIC (PHB) FROM BACTERIA COLLECTED FROM GOPALPUR BEACH, BHUBANESWAR

Objective: Environmental concerns have prompted research into the development of biodegradable polymer as an alternative to petroleum-based plastics. Polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs) are good alternatives to produce biodegradable plastics. Some bacteria are found to be producing PHB. The aim of this work was to isolate potential PHB producing bacteria and screen them for their ability to produce PHB. Methods: Contaminated water sample from Gopalpur beach, Bhubaneswar was the source of bacteria. Three colonies were isolated from the water sample. The samples were named as C1, C2 and C3. The colonies were first identified by colony morphology. The sudan black screening test was done to screen for the production of (PHB) polyhydroxy butyrate by bacterial isolates. Results: The bacterial isolates C1 and C2 showed a positive result for the production of polyhydroxy butyrate (PHB). Presence of PHB granules in Cocobacillus and Rod shaped bacillus was confirmed. Conclusion: Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), a kind of microbial polyester that accumulates as a carbon/energy reserve material in various microorganisms, was thus concluded to be a decent alternative for plastics. Because of their special characteristics and broad biological applications, biodegradable plastics are compounds with a promising future