12 research outputs found
Melanocytic Nevus with Phenotypic Heterogeneity: Combined Melanocytic Nevus and Variants
Malignant Melanoma Versus Deep Penetrating Nevus: Diagnostic and Prognostic Immunohistochemistry of Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (Methodology)
Identification of HRAS mutations and absence of GNAQ or GNA11 mutations in deep penetrating nevi
Loss of dipeptidyl peptidase IV immunostaining discriminates malignant melanomas from deep penetrating nevi
Dementia in down’s syndrome: an mri comparison with alzheimer’s disease in the general population
Background: Down's syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. People with DS are at an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to the general population. Neuroimaging studies of AD have focused on medial temporal structures; however, to our knowledge, no in vivo case-control study exists comparing the anatomy of dementia in DS to people with AD in the general population. We therefore compared the in vivo brain anatomy of people with DS and dementia (DS+) to those with AD in the general population.
Method: Using MRI in 192 adults, we compared the volume of whole brain matter, lateral ventricles, temporal lobes and hippocampus in DS subjects with and without dementia (DS+, DS-), to each other and to three non-DS groups. These included one group of individuals with AD and two groups of controls (each age-matched for their respective DS and general population AD cohorts).
Results: AD and DS+ subjects showed significant reductions in the volume of the whole brain, hippocampus and temporal lobes and a significant elevation in the volume of the lateral ventricle, compared to their non-demented counterparts. People with DS+ had a smaller reduction in temporal lobe volume compared to individuals with AD.
Conclusions: DS+ and AD subjects have a significant reduction in volume of the same brain regions. We found preliminary evidence that DS individuals may be more sensitive to tissue loss than others and have less 'cognitive reserve'