118 research outputs found
Size-structured risk assessments govern Daphnia migration
One of the more fascinating phenomena in nature is animal mass migrations and in oceans and freshwaters, diel variations in depth distribution of zooplankton are a phenomenon that has intrigued scientists for more than a century. In our study, we show that zooplankton are able to assess the threat level of ultraviolet radiation and adjust their depth distribution to this level at a very fine tuned scale. Moreover, predation risk induces a size-structured depth separation, such that small individuals, which we show are less vulnerable to predation than larger, make a risk assessment and continue feeding in surface waters during day, offering a competitive release from down-migrating larger animals. Hence, we mechanistically show that such simple organisms as invertebrate zooplankton are able to make individual, size-specific decisions regarding how to compromise between threats from both predators and UV radiation, and adjust their diel migratory patterns accordingly
Colourful coexistence of red and green picocyanobacteria in lakes and seas
Hutchinson's paradox of the plankton inspired many studies on the mechanisms of species coexistence. Recent laboratory experiments showed that partitioning of white light allows stable coexistence of red and green picocyanobacteria. Here, we investigate to what extent these laboratory findings can be extrapolated to natural waters. We predict from a parameterized competition model that the underwater light colour of lakes and seas provides ample opportunities for coexistence of red and green phytoplankton species. To test this prediction, we sampled picocyanobacteria of 70 aquatic ecosystems, ranging from clear blue oceans to turbid brown peat lakes. As predicted, red picocyanobacteria dominated in clear waters, whereas green picocyanobacteria dominated in turbid waters. We found widespread coexistence of red and green picocyanobacteria in waters of intermediate turbidity. These field data support the hypothesis that niche differentiation along the light spectrum promotes phytoplankton biodiversity, thus providing a colourful solution to the paradox of the plankton
Increase in photosynthetic efficiency as a strategy of planktonic organisms exploiting deep lake layers
Temporal coherence of physical, chemical and biological variables in four tropical lakes (Minas Gerais, Brazil)
AnĂĄlise derivativa de dados hiperespectrais medidos em nĂvel de campo e orbital para caracterizar a composição de ĂĄguas opticamente complexas na AmazĂŽnia
The spectral absorption and scattering properties of dissolved and particulate components in relation to the underwater light field of some tropical Australian fresh waters
The impact of irradiance on optimal and cellular nitrogen to phosphorus ratios in phytoplankton
The spectral distribution and attenuation of underwater irradiance in Tasmanian inland waters
Effects of UV radiation on optimum quantum yield and sunscreen contents in members of the genera Interfilum, Klebsormidium, Hormidiella
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