Fishery management plans and the development of artisanal fisheries in Nigeria: a review

Management of natural resources all over the world is of paramount importance to their sustainability in developing countries like Nigeria, there is less emphasis on proper management especially of fishery and other aquatic resources due to lack of sensitization and enlightenment of the rural dwellers who are closer to such natural resources. The main thrust of this review is to examine the management plans for Nigerian freshwater bodies (rivers and lakes) and the impact of such plans on the artisanal fisheries development in Nigeria. From the on-shelf information gathered there is scarcity of information on the management of Nigerian freshwater body's information available indicates that there is the traditional fisheries management and the government legal approach in form of fisheries Laws and Regulations. However, these management techniques are poorly carried out since there is a poor follow-up. Appreciable impact of fisheries management introduced on Kanji Lake by the Nigerian-German Kanji Lake Fisheries Promotion Project (NGKLFPP) between 1993 and 2001 proves worthwhile as this introduced some management measures such as implementation of fisheries Laws and Regulations, the ban of obnoxious fishing methods, introduction of fishing license, constitution of a management unit and appointment of liaison fishermen. Within the operative years of the project a lot of success was achieved and it is recommended that the approach in Kainji should be replicated in other freshwater bodies in Nigeria to alleviate poverty in the rural poor fishing communitie

Water hyacinth cover and hydrological pattern of Kainji Lake

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Evaluation of the various orthometric height systems and the Nigerian scenario – A case study of Lagos State

AbstractThough considered the easiest in 3-Dimensional Point Positioning, the choice of a height system especially in areas with spatially-vast land mass is rather a complicated choice. Orthometric heights are naturally and fully referenced to the actual earth gravity field but laborious to compute considering the required approximations of gravity variation along the plumb-line from the surface to the geoid. Normal heights on the other hand are less laborious to compute and do not require actual gravity observations. Unfortunately, natural height systems are the only systems that can efficiently predict fluid flows. This paper has therefore examined the theory and practical possibility of replacing the use of Helmert Orthometric Heights with Normal Orthometric heights within Lagos State. A maximum height discrepancy of 1mm was obtained in the comparison of both systems and thus their replaceability found suitable to within 3rd order geodetic accuracy

Vehicle route optimization for student transportation in a GIS and programming environment: Case study of mawo secondary school, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria

Route optimization in Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is an age long field of research that has attracted interest amidst most professionals in the built environment because of its many variants and types. It often becomes confusing as to which solution approach is best suited for certain VRP at hand. This paper has presented a brief theoretical description aimed at enhancing easy discrimination of the difference between the major variants of the Capacitated VRP (CVRP) and their solution algorithms using the conventional dikjstra’s algorithm for the Chinese Postman’s Problem (CPP) and the generic algorithm for the Travelling Salesman’s Problem (TSP) in ArcView and MATLAB respectively. Analysis of the results obtained within the study area show that the CPP (with a realistic path distance of 38.772Km) is better suited for CVRP in existing road networks than the TSP (with an unrealistic path distance of 19.165Km).Keywords: Route Optimization, Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), Chinese Postman’s Problem (CPP), travelling salesman’s Problem (TSP), Dijkstra’s algorithm, Generic Algorith

Evaluation of the various orthometric height systems and the Nigerian scenario – A case study of Lagos State

Though considered the easiest in 3-Dimensional Point Positioning, the choice of a height system especially in areas with spatially-vast land mass is rather a complicated choice. Orthometric heights are naturally and fully referenced to the actual earth gravity field but laborious to compute considering the required approximations of gravity variation along the plumb-line from the surface to the geoid. Normal heights on the other hand are less laborious to compute and do not require actual gravity observations. Unfortunately, natural height systems are the only systems that can efficiently predict fluid flows. This paper has therefore examined the theory and practical possibility of replacing the use of Helmert Orthometric Heights with Normal Orthometric heights within Lagos State. A maximum height discrepancy of 1 mm was obtained in the comparison of both systems and thus their replaceability found suitable to within 3rd order geodetic accuracy

HCV co-infection is associated with metabolic abnormalities among HAART naive HIV-infected persons

Objectives: To determine the metabolic abnormalities among Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) coinfected HAART naïve HIV infected persons within the adult ARV clinic of the University College Hospital/University of Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaMethods: This was a retrospective study involving the review of clinical records of newly recruited HIV-infected persons in the adult antiretroviral (ARV) clinic over a 12month period (January - December 2006). Baseline results for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting lipid profile were retrieved.Results: Out of the 1,260 HIV infected persons seen during the study period, HCV co-infection was found in 75 (6%) persons. The median values for total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDLcholesterol were lower in the HCV co-infected persons. HIV-HCV co–infection was associated with a 0.31 mmol/L depression in Total Cholesterol (TC). The median FPG concentration was significantly higher in HIV-HCV co–infected than HIV only infected persons (5.33mmol/L vs. 5.00mmol/L, p = 0.047). However, regression analysis showed there was no relationship between the HIV-HCV coinfected state and fasting glucose levels.Conclusion: HIV-HCV co-infection may be associated with a predictable decline in plasma cholesterol, but FPG may not be sufficient to demonstrate insulin resistance in these persons.Keywords: HCV, HIV, metabolic abnormalitie