Lifetime of the incoherent state of coupled phase oscillators

In this paper we have studied the relaxation of the incoherent state to the coherent state of coupled phase oscillators with time delay in terms of lifetime of the incoherent state both in the presence and absence of noise. To make the present study general we have considered both Gaussian and non Gaussian noises. Our investigation shows that the mean lifetime (MLT) decreases exponentially as the coupling strength among the oscillators grows. It also shows that MLT changes non monotonically with an increase in time delay. Another observation is that the mean lifetime increases exponentially as a function of noise strength for white noise. However, for colour noise, it grows linearly with an increase in noise strength. Enhancement of the correlation time of the coloured noise suppresses MLT. The rate of suppression is faster for non-Gaussian noise compared to the Gaussian case. Finally, we have observed that the mean lifetime increases exponentially as the noise behaviour deviates more from the Gaussian characteristics

JWST Reveals a Possible z ∼ 11 Galaxy Merger in Triply Lensed MACS0647-JD

MACS0647-JD is a triply lensed z ∼ 11 galaxy originally discovered with the Hubble Space Telescope. The three lensed images are magnified by factors of ∼8, 5, and 2 to AB mag 25.1, 25.6, and 26.6 at 3.5 μm. The brightest is over a magnitude brighter than other galaxies recently discovered at similar redshifts z > 10 with JWST. Here, we report new JWST imaging that clearly resolves MACS0647-JD as having two components that are either merging galaxies or stellar complexes within a single galaxy. The brighter larger component “A” is intrinsically very blue (β ∼ −2.6 ± 0.1), likely due to very recent star formation and no dust, and is spatially extended with an effective radius ∼70 ± 24 pc. The smaller component “B” (r ∼ 20 − 5 + 8 pc) appears redder (β ∼ −2 ± 0.2), likely because it is older (100-200 Myr) with mild dust extinction (A V ∼ 0.1 mag). With an estimated stellar mass ratio of roughly 2:1 and physical projected separation ∼400 pc, we may be witnessing a galaxy merger 430 million years after the Big Bang. We identify galaxies with similar colors in a high-redshift simulation, finding their star formation histories to be dissimilar, which is also suggested by the spectral energy distribution fitting, suggesting they formed further apart. We also identify a candidate companion galaxy “C” ∼3 kpc away, likely destined to merge with A and B. Upcoming JWST Near Infrared Spectrograph observations planned for 2023 January will deliver spectroscopic redshifts and more physical properties for these tiny magnified distant galaxies observed in the early universe. © 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]