67 research outputs found
A tumbler and pore water expression device to prepare homogeneous samples for the extraction of free chloride in cement paste
Published ArticleCorrosion of rebar in concrete is commonly associated with the free chloride in the pore water in the cement matrix. Knowing the quantity of chloride in concrete is important because chloride can promote corrosion of steel reinforcement when moisture and oxygen are present. The problem ofphysical extraction and the measurement of the free chloride content in pore water solutions extracted from cement pastes has received attention in literature but has not been explained in full detail. However, the variability of results obtained from the different methods used by various investigators only serves to confuse the issue. This investigation describes the use of a tumbler designed to prepare homogeneous samples and the use of a pore water expression device designed to extract free chloride in cement paste and concrete samples
Psalm 56 read within its literary context in the Psalter and its connections with King David
The heading of Ps 56 connects the psalm with âDavid,â and
specifically with the time when he was âseizedâ by the Philistines in
Gath. The psalm can be described as a lament with a strong
emphasis on trust in God and praise for his word. This article
investigates the reasons why the editors made this connection with
the experience of David and how the intertextual connections this
heading creates modifies the hermeneutical horizon of the psalm. It
is suggested that the psalm, in view of its heading, serves to
exonerate David from the fear that he experienced according to 1
Sam 21:13. It also focuses the attention of its readers on the way in
which David triumphed in a situation of unjust persecution through
his trust in Yahweh in order to walk freely in praise of God.http://reference.sabinet.co.za/sa_epublication/oldtestam201
âDavidâ in consultation with the prophets : the intertextual relationship of Psalm 31 with the books of Jonah and Jeremiah
Psalm 31 seems to be a late post-exilic text. It displays numerous
similarities with other psalms, and also with the prophetic books of
Jonah and Jeremiah. This paper proposes to investigate the nature
of the literary relationship with the prophetic books in an attempt to
establish the direction of influence and to determine the reasons
why the psalm seems to have been composed as a kind of literary
anthology. It would seem that the group of people who were
responsible for composing Ps 31 also contributed towards the
insertion of the confessions of Jeremiah and the prayers of Jonah.http://www.journals.co.za/ej/ejour_oldtest.htmlnf201
The structure and homogeneity of Psalm 32
Psalm 32 is widely regarded as a psalm of thanksgiving with elements of wisdom poetry
intermingled into it. The wisdom elements are variously explained as having been present
from the beginning, or as having been added to a foundational composition. Such views of the
Gattung have had a decisive influence on the interpretation of the psalm. This article argues,
on the basis of a structural analysis, that Psalm 32 should be understood as a homogeneous
wisdom composition. The parallel and inverse structure of its two stanzas demonstrate that
the aim of its author was to encourage the upright to foster an open, intimate relationship with
Yahweh in which transgressions are confessed and Yahwehâs benevolent guidance on the way
of life is wisely accepted.http://www.hts.org.zahb201
Narratologiese ondersoek van die boek Jona
'Obwohl das Buch Jona sehr klein ist, hates der friihchristlichen Kunst und der Auslegung
bis auf unsere Zeit vie/ Anregung gegeben; denn "dies scheinbar so alberne
Biichlein gehort zu dem Tiefsten und Grossartigsten, was jemals geschrieben worden
ist"' (my beklemtoning). Met hierdie woorde bring Loretz (1961:18) die paradoks
tussen die lengte en die verstaanbaarheid van die boek treffend na vore. By die nagaan
van die wetenskaplike literatuur oor Jona word hierdie paradoks al hoe duideliker.
'n Mens kom onder die indruk van die diversiteit van menings oor die boek
wat gestalte vind in uitdrukkings soos 'the odd little tale' (Burrows 1970:80) en Luther
se uitroep: 'Hilf Gott, welch ein wunderlich Werk is doch das!' (Von Rad 1974:
65).
Daar is veral drie sake wat baie nou met mekaar saamhang, naamlik die komposisie,
die literatuursoort en die boodskap, wat as probleemareas van die boek
genoem word. Soveel uiteenlopende oplossings word vir hierdie drie probleemaspekte
gebied dat daar inderdaad gese sou kon word dat daar 'n Babelse verwarring
oor hierdie aspekte van die boek heers. As die lengte van die boek in ag
geneem word, is dit inderdaad 'n vreemde en unieke situasie.hb201
The profile of the rich antagonist and the pious protagonist in Psalm 52
In this article, a stichometric and poetic analysis of Psalm 52 is offered which forms the basis
for a description of the character of the rich but crooked antagonist and the pious protagonist in
the psalm. The profile of the pious in the psalm emerges largely as the inverse of the inclination
and actions of the arrogant, rich antagonist who is addressed in the greater part of the psalm. The
psalm is also read and interpreted against the background of the book of Psalms as a whole to
argue that Psalm 52 is actually describing the opposition between the righteous and the wicked
as it is typically found in Wisdom psalms.http://www.hts.org.zaam201
Chloride-binding effect of blast furnace slag in cement pastes containing added chlorides
Corrosion of rebar in concrete is commonly associated with, and to a large degree influenced by, the free chloride concentration in
the pore water. It is standard industry practice to add various mineral admixtures such as pulverised fuel ash (PFA), or fly ash,
ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and silica fume (SF), to concrete mixtures to increase the corrosion resistance of the
reinforcement in the matrix and its subsequent design life span. Various investigations have reported on the effect of mineral
admixtures and additions on chloride binding in cementitious matrices, and the current study contributes further to knowledge
in this field. Unlike previous investigations, this study attempted to make a clear distinction between the contributions of the
two components in a blended cement consisting of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and ground blast furnace slag (BFS). These
contributions of each component have been quantified. Relationships between the total amount of chloride bound, the level of
BFS additions, and the levels of initial chloride content present in the matrix were determined. It was found that the OPC/BFS
blended cement with partial BFS replacements of up to 50%displayed a lower binding capacity than that of the OPC on its own.
This observation was derived based on the assumption that theOPCand slag reactions were treated as competing and equivalent
and did not take any potential time delays into account, nor the degree of cement hydration. The chloride-binding efficiency by
the BFS is dependent on both the BFS partial replacement addition level as well as the initial amount of chloride present in the
matrix. It is shown that both the OPC and BFS contribute to chloride binding in cement pastes, depending on the amount of BFS
that replace the OPC component in the matrix.The authors express their gratitude to the NRF (National
Research Foundation) for financial assistance.http://journals.sabinet.co.za/sajchem
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