El abastecimiento con agua subterránea a la Colonia Clunia Sulpicia (Hispania Citerior Tarraconensis).

Hace 20 siglos, una autoridad romana fundó una ciudad en lo alto de un cerro testigo donde el hallazgo, por habilidad o casualidad, de un pequeño acuífero permitió el abastecimiento de agua. En época romana se perforaron pozos, de los que diecinueve llegaron a una cavidad natural. También se abrió una galería horizontal, para captar agua, y un drenaje en el teatro para eliminar aguas que molestaban. En algún momento, por razones naturales o artificiales, el nivel freático bajó y varios pozos se secaron, obligando al descenso de trabajadores y otras personas. Además de hacer obras complementarias dejaron abundantes grafitis y varias figuritas en barro en la cueva. La ciudad no sobrevive a la Edad Media, los pozos son cegados y las ruinas sufren un proceso de expolio por las localidades vecinas. Recuperada su memoria en el siglo XVIII, en 1908 se redescubre cueva Román, una antigua galería de captación que da acceso a la cueva natural. Esta es explorada y topografiada por el grupo Espeleológico Ribereño desde 1980. A partir de 2013, el Grupo de Tecnologías en Entornos hostiles, de la Universidad de Zaragoza, realiza radiolocalizaciones sistemáticas para la apertura de un acceso directo a la cavidad. Además, se han hecho reconocimientos de inscripciones con escaneos de la cavidad y detalles específicos así como la instalación de dos estaciones de monitorización, exterior e interior, para analizar el funcionamiento hídrico del sistema y la evolución interior del contenido en CO2 del aire de la cavidad. La evolución del nivel piezométrico presenta oscilaciones relativamente importantes y se detecta un retraso de dos meses entre los momentos de fuertes lluvias y el ascenso. El contenido en CO2 presenta una doble periodicidad, anual y diaria. Twenty centuries ago, a Roman authority founded a city on top of an inselberg where the discovery, by skill or chance, of a small aquifer which allowed access to a water supply for the city. In Roman times wells were drilled, of which nineteen reached a natural cavity. A horizontal gallery for water supply was also opened up, and a drainage conduct in the theatre was made to eliminate storm water. At some point, for natural or artificial reasons, the water table dropped and several wells dried up, forcing the descent of workers and other people to do additional work and to carve abundant graffiti and several clay figurines. The city did not survive the Middle Ages, the wells became cesspits and the ruins were plundered by neighbouring villages. It recovered its memory in the eighteenth century, in 1908 a Roman cave was rediscovered, the old water supply gallery, which gives access to the natural cave. This has been explored and surveyed by the Grupo Espeleológico Ribereño since 1980. From 2013, the Grupo de Technologías in Entornos Hostiles (University of Zaragoza) has carried out systematic radiolocation for the opening up of a direct access to the cavity. In addition, recognition of inscriptions with cavity scans and specific details have been made as well as the installation of two monitoring stations, both inside and outside the cavity to analyze the water performance of the system and the internal evolution of the CO2 content of the air in the cavity. The evolution of the piezometric level presents relatively important oscillations and a delay of two months is detected between the moments of heavy rains and the increase of water levels in the cavity. The CO2 content has a double periodicity, annual and daily

Impact of non-adherence to radiotherapy on 1-year survival in cancer patients in Catalonia, Spain

This study aims to assess the effects of non-adherence to external beam radiation therapy in cancer patients receiving treatment with a curative. This retrospective cohort study collected health records data for all cancer patients treated with external beam radiotherapy with curative intent in 2016 in Catalonia, Spain. Adherence was defined as having received at least 90% of the total dose prescribed. A logistic regression model was used to assess factors related to non-adherence, and its association with one-year survival was evaluated using Cox regression. The final sample included 8721 patients (mean age 63.6 years): breast cancer was the most common tumour site (38.1%), followed by prostate and colon/rectum. Treatment interruptions prolonged the total duration of therapy in 70.7% of the patients, and 1.0% were non-adherent. Non-adherence was associated with advanced age, female gender, and some localization of primary tumour (head and neck, urinary bladder, and haematological cancers). The risk of death in non-adherent patients was higher than in adherent patients (hazard ratio [HR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval 0.97-2.74), after adjusting for the potential confounding effect of age, gender, tumour site and comorbidity. Non-adherence to radiotherapy, as measured by the received dose, is very low in our setting, and it may have an impact on one-year survival

May otolith morphology be used for measuring biodiversity of marine fish assemblages?

5th International Otolith Symposium (IOS2014), 20-24 October 2014, Mallorca, Balearic Islands Spain.-- 1 pageIn palaeontology, the knowledge of fossil fish assemblages is performed from skeletons and teeth and otolith characters. However, fossil otoliths, especially the sagitta, represent the most common remains of teleost fishes. In this study, we examined if the morphological diversity of sagittal otoliths may be useful as a measure of biodiversity, especially of the functional diversity, since this otic structure is related to audition, mechano-reception and equilibration functions. We also analysed if the body pattern of fishes are linked to otolith shapes, and hence if it is possible to infer morphologies of fossil fishes. Three current coastal fish assemblages of northwestern Mediterranean with different functional diversity and body shapes known were selected to test these hypotheses. The otolith shape was digitalized from 12 landmarks defining the contour features, and others 12 landmarks drawing the sulcus acustics. The results revealed that the fish assemblage with higher functional diversity also showed a greater morphological richness in otolith and body shapes. However, the species distribution within morphospaces using otolith or body shapes was different. Singular otolith shapes were located in the periphery of morphospaces, similarly to species with special morphology of body as Zeus faber. Moreover, sound producer specialists as Sciaena umbra were also found in the morphspace periphery. It highlights that flatfishes presented a high variety of otolith shapes versus morphological similarity in body pattern. We think that this variability is a good reflection of different ecological strategies among species. Therefore, results suggest that otoliths are adequate for studying the morphological and functional diversity in fish assemblagesPeer Reviewe

Testing otolith morphology for measuring marine fish biodiversity

Special issue Fish Otoliths as Indicators in Ecosystem Based Management.-- 12 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, supplementary material https://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF15052To check the suitability of otoliths for measuring biodiversity, the contour and shape of the sulcus acusticus of sagittal otoliths were described using geometric morphological analysis. Thirteen and fourteen points were used to define these structures respectively. Three current coastal fish assemblages of the north-western Mediterranean were selected for the present study. The results demonstrate that the relative warps generated in the geometric analysis explained both characteristics related to contour and the otolith sulcus. A comparative study with body fish shape using morphospaces and clusters revealed that otolith shape is a better variable for explaining the ecological structure of a fish assemblage. Moreover, three morphological indices (morphological richness (MR), morphological disparity and the morphogeometric index) were estimated from relative warps of otoliths and were compared with ecological, taxonomic, functional and morphological (from body shape) indices. MR increased with functional diversity and average taxonomic distinctness, reflecting the ecological and taxonomic character of otolith morphology. These findings suggest that otoliths could be a useful tool for studying the diversity of present and past fish assemblagesThe present study was financed by the projects ‘ESCAL 1’ (Ref. PCC30004/99) and ‘ESCAL 2’ (Ref. 02P30015) of the Direcció General of Fisheries of the Government of Catalonia and ‘CONFLICT’ (Ref. CGL2008–00047), ‘AFORO3D’ (Ref. CTM2010.1970) and ‘ANTROMARE’ (Ref. CTM2009.12214) of the Spanish National Research. M. Farré acknowledges a Ph.D. scholarship from the Government of Andorra (ATC-010-AND; 2012-14)Peer Reviewe

The family Moridae (Gadiformes) from the Cape Verde Islands (eastern-central Atlantic Ocean), with first record of Physiculus cyanostrophus

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Talla mínima de captura de peces, crustáceos y moluscos de interés pesquero en Canarias. Una propuesta científica para su conservación

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