Grain Destruction in Interstellar Shocks

Interstellar shock waves can erode and destroy grains present in the shocked gas, primarily as the result of sputtering and grain-grain collisions. Uncertainties in current estimates of sputtering yields are reviewed. Results are presented for the simple case of sputtering of fast grains being stopped in cold gas. An upper limit is derived for sputtering of refractory grains in C-type MHD shocks: shock speeds v_s \gtrsim 50 \kms are required for return of more than 30\% of the silicate to the gas phase. Sputtering can also be important for removing molecular ice mantles from grains in two-fluid MHD shock waves in molecular gas. Recent estimates of refractory grain lifetimes against destruction in shock waves are summarized, and the implications of these short lifetimes are discussed.Comment: To appear in Shocks in Astrophysics, ed. T.J. Millar. Talk given at conference Shocks in Astrophysics, Manchester, Jan. 1995. 13 pages with 6 figures: uuencoded compressed postscript. Also available as POPe-633 on http://astro.princeton.edu/~library/prep.htm

Mouse Chromosome 3

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/46995/1/335_2004_Article_BF00648421.pd

Frauenstimmen gegen den Tod. Zur besonderen Sichtbarkeit weiblicher Klage in der klassischen syrischen Literatur.

Syriac literature in Late Antiquity is a many-voiced choir filled with women’s vocals. They appear as active parts of the liturgy and in vivid depictions of biblical women, giving a voice to Eve’s grief, Mary’s muddle, Sara’s struggle. This essay aims to shed light on the themes of suffering and death as resonated through women’s voices in selected ancient Syriac texts. It is set out to be an exemplary excursion into the rich treasury of Syriac literature with its many aspects of gender and the exposure to mortality, affliction and death

An unusual pyridine nucleotide accumulating in erythrocytes: Its identity and positive correlation with degree of renal failure

We have investigated an unusual nucleotide that accumulates, with precursors, in the erythrocytes of patients in uraemia. This nucleotide is related chemically to the NAD breakdown product, N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (Me2Py), found in high concentrations in the plasma of uraemic patients. Both Me2Py and the nucleotide accumulate to high concentrations in the blood during uraemia: our investigations of samples from renal out-patients have provided information on a plausible link between the two compounds

Direct removal of SU-8 using focused laser writing

10.1007/s00339-006-3846-zApplied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing87171-76APAM