1,700 research outputs found
UNUSAUAL PRESENTATION OF SUBMANDIBULAR DUCT AND GLAND CALCUI: CASE REPORT
Sialolithiasis is one of the most common pathologies of the submandibular gland; sialoliths account for about 80 percent of all salivary duct calculi.The majority of sialolith occurs in the submandibular gland or its duct and is common cause of acute and chronic infection. Salivary stones larger than 15 mm are classified as giant sialoliths. They are uncommon in the practice of otolaryngology, and their management has always been a therapeutic challenge. This report presents the two unusual and rare cases of large sialolith of the submandibular duct as well as gland measuring 70x11mm and 54x25mm respectively.
The Flexible Substitution Logit: Uncovering Category Expansion and Share Impacts of Marketing Instruments
Different instruments are relevant for different marketing objectives (category demand expansion or market share stealing). To help brand managers make informed marketing mix decisions, it is essential that marketing mix models appropriately measure the different effects of marketing instruments. Discrete choice models that have been applied to this problem might not be adequate because they possess the Invariant Proportion of Substitution (IPS) property, which imposes counter-intuitive restrictions on individual choice behavior. Indeed our empirical application to prescription writing choices of physicians in the hyperlipidemia category shows this to be the case. We find that three commonly used models that all suffer from the IPS restriction - the homogeneous logit model, the nested logit model, and the random coefficient logit model - lead to counter-intuitive estimates of the sources of demand gains due to increased marketing investments in Direct-to-Consumer Advertising (DTCA), detailing, and Meetings and Events (M&E). We then propose an alternative choice model specification that relaxes the IPS property - the so-called "flexible substitution" logit (FSL) model. The (random coefficient) FSL model predicts that sales gains from DTCA and M&E come primarily from the non-drug treatment (87.4% and 70.2% respectively), whereas gains from detailing come at the expense of competing drugs (84%). By contrast, the random coefficient logit model predicts that gains from DTCA, M&E and detailing all would come largely from competing drugs.
Track clustering with a quantum annealer for primary vertex reconstruction at hadron colliders
Clustering of charged particle tracks along the beam axis is the first step
in reconstructing the positions of hadronic interactions, also known as primary
vertices, at hadron collider experiments. We use a 2036 qubit D-Wave quantum
annealer to perform track clustering in a limited capacity on artificial events
where the positions of primary vertices and tracks resemble those measured by
the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The
algorithm, which is not a classical-quantum hybrid but relies entirely on
quantum annealing, is tested on a variety of event topologies from 2 primary
vertices and 10 tracks up to 5 primary vertices and 15 tracks. It is
benchmarked against simulated annealing executed on a commercial CPU
constrained to the same processor time per anneal as time in the physical
annealer, and performance is found to be comparable for small numbers of
vertices with an intriguing advantage noted for 2 vertices and 16 tracks
The phosphorylation state of Saccharomyces cerevisiae linker histone Hho 1p during entry and exit of stationary phase
Includes bibliographical references.Our group has recently found that the linker histone Hh01 p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibited a significant increase in binding to chromatin during stationary phase. Because of the role of H1 in gene expression and chromatin compaction, it is essential to understand the mechanism behind this change in binding behaviour for a complete mechanistic description of gene regulation. We postulated that the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues decrease the affinity of H1 for DNA, resulting in the dissociation of H1 from chromatin in exponential phase. We investigated this possible change in the phosphorylation state of Hh01 p in yeast cells in exponential phase and in stationary phase by immunoprecipitation of Hh01 p, followed by western analysis using antiphosphoserine and anti-phosphothreonine antibodies
Topological Quantum Teleportation and Superdense Coding Without Braiding
We present the quantum teleportation and superdense coding protocols in the
context of topological qudits, as realised by anyons. The simplicity of our
proposed realisation hinges on the monoidal structure of Tambara-Yamagami
categories, which readily allows for the generation of maximally entangled
qudits. In particular, we show that both protocols can be performed without any
braiding of anyons. Our exposition makes use of the graphical calculus for
braided fusion categories, a medium in which the protocols find a natural
interpretation. We also find a braid-free realisation of the Pauli gates using
Ising anyons
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