Coping Ability of Medical and Nursing Students: A Cause of Concern

Background: Medical students today are subject to a variety of stress; academic, social, emotional or stress in the form of affliction of health during their stay at medical school. The physiological response to these depends on various factors including their inherent coping abilities. This study was designed to examine the coping ability of medical and nursing students at the time of admission to medical school. Materials and Methods: 42 medical and 34 nursing students volunteered for the study. They were administered the BAI questionnaire and classified as good and poor adjusters based on their score. Results: The study revealed an unsatisfactory overall coping ability to be prevalent among medical and nursing students. Conclusion: This study showed that there is a need for orientation and counselling of medical and nursing students at the start of college

The common and uncommon cestodal infestation encountered in routine histopathological practice from a semi-urban population in south India and their public health importance.

Parasites are encountered uncommonly in routine histopathologic practice. Among them, cestodes form a major bulk. Cysticercosis heads the list forming the bulk of cases followed by Hydatidosis and Sparganosis. Microscopic identification of inflammation with surrounding reactions along with other morphological features forms the mainstay of diagnosis of parasitic diseases on histopathology. Identification of the parasites on histopathological examination would reduce the cost-diagnosis ratio avoiding expensive serological investigation

Evaluation with diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging in staging and grading of urinary bladder cancer.

INTRODUCTION : Bladder cancer is a common genitourinary tract malignancy. Following prostatic adenocarcinoma, it represents the second most common tumour of urological malignancy in the world1. Urothelial tumours are cancers of the environment and advanced age. Bladder cancer is associated with old age and exposure to industrial toxins and smoking. It occurs most commonly in males than compared to female patients with ratio of 3:1 and is rare in the population less than 40 years of age. According to WHO 2004 classification, urothelial tumours are categorized to muscle non-invasive and muscle invasive, based on invasion of detrusor muscle. Eighty percent of urothelial cancers are non-muscle invasive in nature and present with various types of growth pattern. Muscle-invasive tumour is defined by high grade and cancer cells invading through the lamina propria into the deeper muscle layers. Histologically, urothelial carcinoma constitutes 90 percent of bladder cancers, five percent are squamous cell carcinoma and less than five percent are adenocarcinoma or other types of tumours. The management of bladder cancer varies according to muscle non-invasive and muscle invasive nature of the cancer. Muscle non-invasive tumours are managed with transurethral resection (TUR) and intravesical immunotherapy /chemotherapy. The treatment options for muscle invasive bladder cancer are radical cystectomy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination. Thus it would be prudent to diagnose and differentiate between these two categories preoperatively by imaging techniques which helps in planning the treatment and in identifying the prognostic factors. AIM AND OBJECTIVES : To predict the pathological stage and grade of bladder cancer preoperatively by using Diffusion weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging. To study the correlation of Diffusion Weighted MRI findings with clinical, radiological and pathological findings. PATIENTS AND METHODS : Inclusion Criteria : All new patients presented with total hematuria were evaluated initially with ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis and diagnosed cases of Carcinoma bladder were included. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with Previous TURBT, 2. Previously received intravesical therapy, systemic chemotherapy and external beam radiotherapy. METHOD OF STUDY : Informed consent obtained from all the patients after explaining details of the study. All details were recorded in a proforma as an inpatient procedure. Analysis was done with the collected details prospectively. All cases of carcinoma bladder was evaluated by clinical examination, renal function tests, urine cytology, imaging studies in the form of USG/CECT KUB. DW MRI of KUBU region was taken at the time of hospital admission. The TUR procedure was done within one week from the imaging procedure. CONCLUSION : DW MRI findings significantly correlate with histopathology in differentiating non muscle invasive bladder tumours from muscle invasive bladder tumours and also in local nodal staging. Grading of bladder tumour could be assessed with DW MRI as high grade tumours had significantly lower ADC values compared to low grade tumours. Hence in the preoperative evaluation of bladder cancers, DW MRI is a useful diagnostic imaging study both for grading and local staging of bladder cancers

A retrospective study of ilizarov fixation in infected non-union tibia: 36 cases

Background: Infected non-union of tibia is most frequently met due to high energy trauma and it poses significant challenge to the treating orthopaedic surgeon. The aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical and functional results in treating infected non-union of tibia by Ilizarov method.Methods: 36 patients with infected non-union of tibia with bone loss; shortening and deformity treated were retrospectively analyzed in the institution during the period of May 2010 to May 2015 were included in the study. The results were evaluated according to association for the study and application of the methods of Ilizarov (ASAMI) criteria. The Pin tract infections were assessed by Moore and Dahl Grading.Results: The bony results were excellent in 65% patients, good in 20%, fair in 15%, and poor in nil. The functional results were excellent in 50% patients, good in 25%, fair in 15%, and poor in 10%. The most common recorded complication was pin tract infection.Conclusions: Ilizarov ring fixator still remains an excellent treatment modality for tibial non-union as it addresses to the problems associated with it

1030-13 Alterations in Endothelial Cell Adenosine Receptors Mediate Endothelium-Dependent Vasoconstriction in Experimental Vein Grafts

Adenosine is a potent endogenous vasodilator which mediates its action through A1 and A2 receptor subtypes located on both vascular endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC). Adenosine-mediated relaxation in vein grafts has not been examined. This study assesses the in vitro isometric tension responses to specific adenosine receptor agonists (A1: R-phenyl-isopropyl-adenosine and A2: CSG-21680; 10–9 to 10–4 M) of common carotid external jugular vein bypass grafts (VG) in New Zealand White rabbits. These responses were compared to those obtained in the extemal jugular vein (JV) and in the common carotid artery (CA). All vessels were precontracted with prostaglandin F2a (10–5 M). Endothelialized and de-endothelialized vessels were examined. The A1 mediated relaxation in JV was endothelium-independent, whereas A2 mediated relaxation was endothelium-dependent. In CA, A1 mediated relaxation was partially endothelium-dependent, while A2 mediated relaxation was endotheliumindependent. In VG, Al activation induced endothelium-dependent vasoconstriction. Endothelial denudation restored Al mediated relaxation, but reduced compared to that of JV (max. 19±9%). A2 relaxation in VG was endothelium-independent (max. 39±4%). Primary cultures of arterial and vein graft SMC expressed both A1 and A2 receptors on northern blot analysis. There was, however, a marked reduction in the A1 affinity of the SMC from the VG compared to the arterial SMC (40.9±1.3% arterial binding). This study, therefore, demonstrates that there is a substantial change in the adenosine mediated vasoreactivity in VG compared to JV, due to a change in endothelial A1 receptor mediated response from relaxation to constriction, coupled with a decreased affinity of the A1 receptors on the VG SMC. The adenosine responses of the VG are also different from CA. Therefore, the endothelial celis of VG appear to be unique, in that functionally they neither maintain a venous phenotype nor acquire an arterial phenotype in response to adenosine

Proximal femur locking compression plate in complex proximal femoral fractures: a retrospective analysis

Background: Proximal femoral fractures are one of the most common fractures in old age patients. Fixation of these fractures is technically high demanding owing to the high risk of complications. The aim of our study is to analyze the outcomes of proximal femoral locking compression plate (PF-LCP) in these fractures.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 18 proximal femoral fractures treated with PF-LCP from May 2012 to May 2015. There were 12 females (67%) and six males (33%) with an average age of 59.6 years (range, 32 to 84 years). The peritrochanteric fractures constituted by intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures were classified by Boyd and Griffin classification along with Seinshemier’s classification, respectively. Among that, 14 cases (77%) were of intertrochanteric and four cases (23%) were of subtrochanteric fracture pattern. The functional outcome was evaluated by harris hip score and the parker palmer mobility score one year after surgery.Results: Among 18 patients, 16 patients obtained fracture union without further intervention; two patients required additional bone grafting. There were no cases of hip screw cutting the femoral head. There was no post-operative mortality in our study. The average harris hip score was 85.5 (83-94). The assessment by parker and palmar mobility score was 7.6 (range 4-9).Conclusions: The PF-LCP is a good stable alternative in the treatment of complex proximal femoral fractures. It provides good to excellent bone healing with limited complications

Deep Sensitivity Analysis for Objective-Oriented Combinatorial Optimization

Pathogen control is a critical aspect of modern poultry farming, providing important benefits for both public health and productivity. Effective poultry management measures to reduce pathogen levels in poultry flocks promote food safety by lowering risks of food-borne illnesses. They also support animal health and welfare by preventing infectious diseases that can rapidly spread and impact flock growth, egg production, and overall health. This study frames the search for optimal management practices that minimize the presence of multiple pathogens as a combinatorial optimization problem. Specifically, we model the various possible combinations of management settings as a solution space that can be efficiently explored to identify configurations that optimally reduce pathogen levels. This design incorporates a neural network feedback-based method that combines feature explanations with global sensitivity analysis to ensure combinatorial optimization in multiobjective settings. Our preliminary experiments have promising results when applied to two real-world agricultural datasets. While further validation is still needed, these early experimental findings demonstrate the potential of the model to derive targeted feature interactions that adaptively optimize pathogen control under varying real-world constraints.Comment: The 2023 International Conference on Computational Science & Computational Intelligence (CSCI'23

Разработка системы телемеханики куста № 3 Северо-Сильгинского газоконденсатного месторождения

ПРОЕКТ, СЕПАРАТОР ЦЕНТРОБЕЖНЫЙ ВИХРЕВОЙ, ТЕМПЕРАТУРА, ДАВЛЕНИЕ, ДАТЧИКИ, ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ, АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННОЕ РАБОЧЕЕ МЕСТО, МНЕМОСХЕМА, SCADA - InTouch. Объектом исследования является газовый центробежный сепаратор СЦВ-7-159(1200) / 130. Цель работы – разработка системы телемеханики с использованием программируемого логического контроллера, на основе выбранной SCADA системы. В данном проекте была разработана система телемеханики в комплексе с системой контроля и управления технологическим процессом сепарации газа на базе промышленного контроллера Siemens S7-1200, с применением SCADA – системы InTouch.не

Towards Interpreting Multi-Objective Feature Associations

Understanding how multiple features are associated and contribute to a specific objective is as important as understanding how each feature contributes to a particular outcome. Interpretability of a single feature in a prediction may be handled in multiple ways; however, in a multi-objective prediction, it is difficult to obtain interpretability of a combination of feature values. To address this issue, we propose an objective specific feature interaction design using multi-labels to find the optimal combination of features in agricultural settings. One of the novel aspects of this design is the identification of a method that integrates feature explanations with global sensitivity analysis in order to ensure combinatorial optimization in multi-objective settings. We have demonstrated in our preliminary experiments that an approximate combination of feature values can be found to achieve the desired outcome using two agricultural datasets: one with pre-harvest poultry farm practices for multi-drug resistance presence, and one with post-harvest poultry farm practices for food-borne pathogens. In our combinatorial optimization approach, all three pathogens are taken into consideration simultaneously to account for the interaction between conditions that favor different types of pathogen growth. These results indicate that explanation-based approaches are capable of identifying combinations of features that reduce pathogen presence in fewer iterations than a baseline.Comment: The 18th Annual IEEE International Systems Conference 2024 (IEEE SYSCON 2024

Nanomachining

LIPSS (LASER Induced Periodic Surface Structures) is a term used to describe ordered or periodically structured nanostructures. Until newly, this term was not extensively researched or optimized for use in superhydrophobic self-cleaning applications. This machining method is one of the most sophisticated and cutting-edge ways to create nanofeatures like grooves and bumps without using any chemicals. Here we are trying to explore with polarization, machining speed, number of pulses, LASER fluence, shielding gas, and other parameters dependence on surface nanostructures and features that varied in size and orientation when milled by a LASER. Mainly, the aspect ratio of nano features are varied with axial spacing and along the horizontal diameter of the LASER beam. When polarization employed on nanomachining, the increased number of threshold LASER pulses also causes the structures to become LASER Induced Irregular Surface Structures, and the orientation and size of these features (between 200 and 400 nm) also affected by external interacts of material surface. The existing knowledge describes the nano feature generation is by the interaction of LASER beam and surface wavers. In light of this, one of the newest topics to emerge for the development of nanofeatures using femtosecond LASER