IMECE2005-79902 CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER OF LAMINAR, SINGLE-PHASE FLOW IN RANDOMLY ROUGH MICROTUBES

Abstract Convective heat transfer of laminar, single-phase flow in rough microtubes is studied. Wall roughness and slope are assumed to possess Gaussian, isotropic distributions. Fractal concepts are used to model the rough microtube. It is shown that due to the existence of wall roughness, both cross-sectional and inside surface areas are increased. A new concept is defined as a figure of merit for assessing thermal performance of rough microtubes. As a result of increasing roughness, an enhancement is observed in the thermal performance of microtubes. The present model can be extended to analyze other geometries such as rectangular and trapezoidal microchannels. 1 Post-Doctoral Fellow. Mem. ASME. Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]. 2 Distinguished Professor Emeritus. Fellow ASME. 3 Associate Professor and Director of MHTL. Mem. ASME

IMECE2005-79902 CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER OF LAMINAR, SINGLE-PHASE FLOW IN RANDOMLY ROUGH MICROTUBES

Abstract Convective heat transfer of laminar, single-phase flow in rough microtubes is studied. Wall roughness and slope are assumed to possess Gaussian, isotropic distributions. Fractal concepts are used to model the rough microtube. It is shown that due to the existence of wall roughness, both cross-sectional and inside surface areas are increased. A new concept is defined as a figure of merit for assessing thermal performance of rough microtubes. As a result of increasing roughness, an enhancement is observed in the thermal performance of microtubes. The present model can be extended to analyze other geometries such as rectangular and trapezoidal microchannels. 1 Post-Doctoral Fellow. Mem. ASME. Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]. 2 Distinguished Professor Emeritus. Fellow ASME. 3 Associate Professor and Director of MHTL. Mem. ASME

Fluid Flow Around and Heat Transfer from Elliptical Cylinders: Analytical Approach

An integral method of boundary-layer analysis is employed to derive closed-form expressions for the calculation of total drag and average heat transfer for flow across an elliptical cylinder under isothermal and isoflux thermal boundary conditions. The Von Kármán-Pohlhausen integral method is used to solve the momentum and energy equations for both thermal boundary conditions. A fourth-order velocity profile in the hydrodynamic boundary layer and a third-order temperature profile in the thermal boundary layer are used. The present results are in good agreement with existing experimental/numerical data and, in the limiting cases, can be used for circular cylinders and finite plates. = complete elliptic integral of second kind e = eccentricity

Stacked Packaging Laminar-Convection-Cooled Printed Circuit Using the Entropy Generation Minimization Method

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76567/1/AIAA-30451-562.pd

Thermal Comfort Analysis of an Automobile Driver with Heated and Ventilated Seat

A thermal/physical model of the dynamic interaction between an automobile passenger, the cabin environment, and a heated/ventilated seat is presented. The model considers the human body as being made of 21 distinct segments and three-layers. Simple mathematical models are presented to simulate heating and ventilation of cool air through the seat. The model has the ability to predict the transient response of a driver in a highly non-uniform thermal environment in terms of local and overall thermal comfort levels

The depression in visual impairment trial (DEPVIT): trial design and protocol

<b>Background</b> The prevalence of depression in people with a visual disability is high but screening for depression and referral for treatment is not yet an integral part of visual rehabilitation service provision. One reason for this may be that there is no good evidence about the effectiveness of treatments in this patient group. This study is the first to evaluate the effect of depression treatments on people with a visual impairment and co morbid depression.<p></p> <b>Methods/design</b> The study is an exploratory, multicentre, individually randomised waiting list controlled trial. Participants will be randomised to receive Problem Solving Therapy (PST), a ‘referral to the GP’ requesting treatment according to the NICE’s ‘stepped care’ recommendations or the waiting list arm of the trial. The primary outcome measure is change (from randomisation) in depressive symptoms as measured by the Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI-II) at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include change in depressive symptoms at 3 months, change in visual function as measured with the near vision subscale of the VFQ-48 and 7 item NEI-VFQ at 3 and 6 months, change in generic health related quality of life (EQ5D), the costs associated with PST, estimates of incremental cost effectiveness, and recruitment rate estimation.<p></p> <b>Discussion</b> Depression is prevalent in people with disabling visual impairment. This exploratory study will establish depression screening and referral for treatment in visual rehabilitation clinics in the UK. It will be the first to explore the efficacy of PST and the effectiveness of NICE’s ‘stepped care’ approach to the treatment of depression in people with a visual impairment.<p></p&gt

Eastern philosophies of education : Buddhist, Hindu, Daoist, and Confucian readings of Plato’s cave

This chapter provides readers with an understanding of some basic principles of selected Eastern traditions and their relation to philosophy of education. The attempt to characterize such diverse traditions and understandings of education raises numerous hermeneutical issues which can only be addressed through a pedagogical reduction as a vehicle for understanding. In this case, we have employed Plato’s cave allegory as that methodological and pedagogical vehicle. We explore aspects of the ontology, epistemology, and ethics of Buddhist, Hindu (focused on classical yoga), Daoist, and Confucian traditions, interpreting elements from Plato’s allegory in order to throw light onto the educational ideas and implications of those Eastern traditions