4,670 research outputs found
Effect of Impurities with Internal Structure on Multiband Superconductors - Possible Enhancement of Transition Temperature -
We study inelastic (dynamical) impurity scattering effects in two-band
superconductors with the same ( wave) or different ( wave) sign
order parameters. We focus on the enhancement of the superconducting transition
temperature by magnetic interband scattering with the interchange
of crystal-field singlet ground and multiplet excited states. Either the
-wave or -wave state is favored by the impurity-mediated
pairing, which depends on the magnetic and nonmagnetic scattering strengths
derived from the hybridization of the impurity states with the conduction
bands. The details are examined for the singlet-triplet configuration that is
suggestive of Pr impurities in the skutterudite superconductor
LaOsSb.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol. 79, No. 9
(2010
Phase diagram of orbital-selective Mott transitions at finite temperatures
Mott transitions in the two-orbital Hubbard model with different bandwidths
are investigated at finite temperatures. By means of the self-energy functional
approach, we discuss the stability of the intermediate phase with one orbital
localized and the other itinerant, which is caused by the orbital-selective
Mott transition (OSMT). It is shown that the OSMT realizes two different
coexistence regions at finite temperatures in accordance with the recent
results of Liebsch. We further find that the particularly interesting behavior
emerges around the special condition and J=0, which includes a new type
of the coexistence region with three distinct states. By systematically
changing the Hund coupling, we establish the global phase diagram to elucidate
the key role played by the Hund coupling on the Mott transitions.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure
Diffusion due to the Beam-Beam Interaction and Fluctuating Fields in Hadron Colliders
Random fluctuations in the tune, beam offsets and beam size in the presence
of the beam-beam interaction are shown to lead to significant particle
diffusion and emittance growth in hadron colliders. We find that far from
resonances high frequency noise causes the most diffusion while near resonances
low frequency noise is responsible for the large emittance growth observed.
Comparison of different fluctuations shows that offset fluctuations between the
beams causes the largest diffusion for particles in the beam core.Comment: 5 pages, 3 postscript figure
First-order quantum phase transition in the orthogonal-dimer spin chain
We investigate the low-energy properties of the orthogonal-dimer spin chain
characterized by a frustrated dimer-plaquette structure. When the competing
antiferromagnetic couplings are varied, the first-order quantum phase
transition occurs between the dimer and the plaquette phases, which is
accompanied by nontrivial features due to frustration: besides the
discontinuity in the lowest excitation gap at the transition point, a sharp
level-crossing occurs for the spectrum in the plaquette phase. We further
reveal that the plateau in the magnetization curve at 1/4 of the full moment
dramatically changes its character in the vicinity of the critical point. It is
argued that the first-order phase transition in this system captures some
essential properties found in the two-dimensional orthogonal-dimer model
proposed for .Comment: 7 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Angular Distribution of -rays from Neutron-Induced Compound States of La
Angular distribution of individual -rays, emitted from a
neutron-induced compound nuclear state via radiative capture reaction of
La(n,) has been studied as a function of incident neutron
energy in the epithermal region by using germanium detectors.
An asymmetry was defined as , where and
are integrals of low and high energy region of a neutron resonance
respectively, and we found that has the angular dependence of
, where is emitted angle of
-rays, with and in 0.74 eV
p-wave resonance.
This angular distribution was analyzed within the framework of interference
between s- and p-wave amplitudes in the entrance channel to the compound
nuclear state, and it is interpreted as the value of the partial p-wave neutron
width corresponding to the total angular momentum of the incident neutron
combined with the weak matrix element, in the context of the mechanism of
enhanced parity-violating effects. Additionally we used the result to quantify
the possible enhancement of the breaking of the time-reversal invariance in the
vicinity of the p-wave resonance.Comment: 14pages, 25 figure
Parity-broken ground state for the spin-1 pyrochlore antiferromagnet
The ground-state properties of the spin-1 pyrochlore antiferromagnet are
studied by applying the VBS-like tetrahedron-unit decomposition to the original
spin system. The symmetrization required on every vertex is taken into account
by introducing a ferromagnetic coupling. The pairwise effective Hamiltonian
between the adjacent tetrahedrons is obtained by considering the next nearest
neighbor and the third neighbor exchange interactions. We find that the
transverse component of the spin chirality exhibits a long-range order,
breaking the parity symmetry of the tetrahedral group, while the chirality
itself is not broken.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, REVTeX(ver.3.1
Orbital Localization and Delocalization Effects in the U 5f^2 Configuration: Impurity Problem
Anderson models, based on quantum chemical studies of the molecule of
U(C_8H_8)_2, are applied to investigate the problem of an U impurity in a
metal. The special point here is that the U 5f-orbitals are divided into two
subsets: an almost completely localized set and a considerably delocalized one.
Due to the crystal field, both localized and delocalized U 5f-orbitals affect
the low-energy physics. A numerical renormalization group study shows that
every fixed point is characterized by a residual local spin and a phase shift.
The latter changes between 0 and \pi/2, which indicates the competition between
two different fixed points. Such a competition between the different local
spins at the fixed points reflects itself in the impurity magnetic
susceptibility at high temperatures. These different features cannot be
obtained if the special characters of U 5f-orbitals are neglected.Comment: 4 pages, REVTeX, email to [email protected]
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