14 research outputs found
Prolonged Depression-Like Behavior Caused by Immune Challenge: Influence of Mouse Strain and Social Environment
Immune challenge by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) causes short-term
behavioral changes indicative of depression. The present study sought to explore
whether LPS is able to induce long-term changes in depression-related behavior
and whether such an effect depends on mouse strain and social context. LPS (0.83
mg/kg) or vehicle was administered intraperitoneally to female CD1 and C57BL/6
mice that were housed singly or in groups of 4. Depression-like behavior was
assessed with the forced swim test (FST) 1 and 28 days post-treatment.
Group-housed CD1 mice exhibited depression-like behavior 1 day post-LPS, an
effect that leveled off during the subsequent 28 days, while the behavior of
singly housed CD1 mice was little affected. In contrast, singly housed C57BL/6
mice responded to LPS with an increase in depression-like behavior that was
maintained for 4 weeks post-treatment and confirmed by the sucrose preference
test. Group-housed C57BL/6 mice likewise displayed an increased depression-like
behavior 4 weeks post-treatment. The behavioral changes induced by LPS in
C57BL/6 mice were associated with a particularly pronounced rise of
interleukin-6 in blood plasma within 1 day post-treatment and with changes in
the dynamics of the corticosterone response to the FST. The current data
demonstrate that immune challenge with LPS is able to induce prolonged
depression-like behavior, an effect that depends on genetic background (strain).
The discovery of an experimental model of long-term depression-like behavior
after acute immune challenge is of relevance to the analysis of the epigenetic
and pathophysiologic mechanisms of immune system-related affective
disorders
Betriebswirtschaftliche und veterinÀrmedizinische Bewertung der Sauenremontierung. II. Wirtschaftlichkeitsberechnungen in der Ferkelproduktion mit dem EDV-Programm PorkCHOP.
What can we learn from sonication results of breast implants?
<div><p>Background</p><p>Different research groups have identified microorganisms on breast implants by sonication with significant correlation to the rate of capsular contracture. This substantiated the hypothesis of an infectious etiology of capsular contracture. However, no clinical consequence has been drawn from these results yet. Aim of this study was to review sonication results from breast implants and to evaluate the current preoperative antibiotic regime for breast-implant surgery.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We compared breast implant sonication culture results from published reports and our own database. Current perioperative antibiotic recommendations were compared with the susceptibility profile of the found organisms.</p><p>Results</p><p>We found Coagulase-negative staphylococci and Propionibacteria to be the main group of microorganism found by sonication on explanted breast implants. Most guidelines recommend cephalosporins for preoperative antibiotical prophylaxis for breast-implant surgery.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>There is a discrepancy between antibiotic activity of commonly used antibiotics for preoperative prophylaxis of surgical site infections, and microorganisms found by sonication on breast implants, suspected to trigger the formation of capsular contracture. A targeted antibiotic prophylaxis for breast implant surgery with glycopeptides (e.g. Vancomycin) should be considered for the prevention of capsular contracture.</p></div
Production performance and pruritic behaviour of pigs naturally infected by sarcoptes scabiei var. suis in a contact transmission experiment
Capsular contracture vs surgical site infections.
<p>Fig 2, Comparing capsular contracture and surgical site infections, micoorganisms, virulence and antibiotic activity.</p
Contamination of breastimplants.
<p>Fig 1, showing possible sources of implant contamination; counterclockwise starting in the upper left corner (1) surgical access (marked in red: axillary, periareolar and inframammary), (2) implant contact with breast parenchyma (marked in blue: subglandular and infrapectoral implant placement), (3) contact with skin flora (patient, surgeron, scrup personnel), (4) haematogenous spread from asymptomatic bacteraemia.</p