/STRU^NI RAD UDK 616.6-006.04-089.843-073 Results of application of orthotopic urine diversion

Introduction: Prolonged survival of patients undergoing radical cystectomy due to the infiltrative carcinoma of the urinary bladder has increased the need for development of the orthotopic bladder enabling preservation of the upper urinar

kidney parenchimal and collecting tract neoplasia

Border line cases and diagnostic doubts in definitio

/STRU^NI RAD UDK 616.65-005.04-089.5 Anesthesia for radical prostatectomy

Radical prostatectomy is one of most common treatment options currently recommended for clinically localized prostate cancer. Evaluation of intraoperative and postoperative complications is important in evaluation of relative morbidity of this treatment option. Furthermore, investigation of complications of surgical treatment in correlation with not only surgical technique, but comorbidity, ASA stage and anesthetic technique enables improvements in complete perioperative treatment and decrease of incidence of complications resulting from the procedure. Improvement of anesthetic techniques and use of new anesthetic agents contributes to better outcome of surgical treatment. For radical surgery, combined epidural analgesia and general anesthesia reduces postoperative complications and mortality. Benefits can be conferred most likely by altered coagulation activation in surgery, increased blood flow, reduction of operative stress response. Modalities for reduction of intraoperative blood loss during radical prostatectomy are normovolemic haemodilution, preoperative donation of blood for autologus transfusion and use of erythropoietin for increasing red cell mass. Key words: prostate cancer, radical retropubic prostatectomy, anesthesia rezim

/STRU^NI RAD UDK 616.05-006.04-097:577.1 Urinary Prostate Specific Antigen: is the Clinical Use Likely?

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) blood test represents the standard procedure in prostate cancer (CaP) diagnosis and follow-up. However, determination of PSA in the urine, where PSA is present in much higher concentrations than in the blood, still remains in the field of research.Objectives:To determine urinary concentrations of PSA (uPSA) in different groups of patients (pts.), and to estimate is it possible to differentiate benign and malignant prostate diseases and to follow-up the results of treatment. Methods: Between january 2001. and November 2003., urinary concentrations of PSA were determined at 142 pts. divided in seven groups: 1. young and healthy volunteers, 2. "BPH-24": pts. with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who collected the sample of 24hour voided urine, 3. "BPH-I": pts. with BPH who collected the first portion of first urinary voiding, 4. "TRUS-CaP": pts. with CaP which gave the first portion of urine just prior to transrectal ultrasoundguided prostate biopsy (TRUS- biopsy), 5. "TRUSnon-CaP": pts. who gave first portion of urine prior to TRUS-biopsy, but biopsy did not prove the presence of CaP, 6. "RRP": pts. who underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP), 7. "AAT": pts. who underwent androgen deprivation therapy.Results:Average uPSA value in the group of young and healthy volunteers

/STRU^NI RAD UDK 616.65-006.04-097-089 Stage T2 Prostate Cancer Presented with High Serum Prostate Specific Antigen and Nonspecific Bone

Objective: To present the case of T2 prostate cancer (PCa) mimicking disseminated PCa that was successfully treated with radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP). Patient and the method: The patient had prostate specific antigen (PSA) level higher than 30ng/ml and multiple atypical lesions on bone scan. TRUSguided biopsy proved small PCa, only in 1/18 biopsy cores, with Gleason grade 6 (3+3). Bone lesions appeared to be posttraumatic. Result: The patient underwent RRP; six months after surgery there is no evidence of the disease. Conclusion: Serum PSA level is the sum of cancer activity, normal and BHP tissue production, as well as the result of other pathological conditions, like prostatitis. In some cases, inflammation can be responsible for high PSA level and over-staging. Key words: prostate, cancer, PSA rezim

postoperative complications after radical cystectomy

Elevated plasma D-dimer as a predictor o