Citizenship Education and Liberalism: A State of the Debate Analysis 1990–2010

What kind of citizenship education, if any, should schools in liberal societies promote? And what ends is such education supposed to serve? Over the last decades a respectable body of literature has emerged to address these and related issues. In this state of the debate analysis we examine a sample of journal articles dealing with these very issues spanning a twenty-year period with the aim to analyse debate patterns and developments in the research field. We first carry out a qualitative analysis where we design a two-dimensional theoretical framework in order to systematise the various liberal debate positions, and make us able to study their justifications, internal tensions and engagements with other positions. In the ensuing quantitative leg of the study we carry out a quantitative bibliometric analysis where we weigh the importance of specific scholars. We finally discuss possible merits and flaws in the research field, as evidenced in and by the analysis

Harmonic interaction between large numbers of photovoltaic inverters and the distribution network

The dominating mechanisms of interaction between large populations of PV inverters and the electrical distribution network are investigated. Some demonstration projects with large number of small PV-inverters in a low voltage network, show high levels of voltage distortion, although the emission level of an individual PV inverter satisfy the PQ standards. The main object of this paper is to analyse the observed phenomena of harmonic interference of large populations of inverters and provide some explanation of the resonance between existing network components and the PV inverters. These resonances may lie typically between the 5th and 40th harmonic number. The resonance phenomenon is investigated using extensive laboratory experiments on two inverter topologies, as well as computer modelling of different inverter topologies and network simulation studies on the Vroonermeer-Zuid network