Correlational study between negative affect and school refusal

El estudio del afecto y su relación con el comportamiento de rechazo a la escuela es un campo de investigación con escasos trabajos previos. El objetivo de estudio fue analizar la relación entre el Afecto Negativo y los distintos factores que justifican el rechazo escolar en estudiantes de Educación Primaria. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 476 estudiantes españoles con un rango de edad que osciló entre los 8 y los 12 años (M = 10.08; DE = 1.28). Las variables de este estudio fueron evaluadas mediante el 10-Item Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children (PANAS-C), para medir la subescala de Afecto Negativo, y la School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised for Children (SRAS-R-C), para evaluar los cuatro factores que justifican el comportamiento de rechazo a la escuela (I. Evitar la Afectividad Negativa; II. Escapar de la Aversión Social o Evaluación; III. Búsqueda de la Atención de otras Personas Significativas; IV. Búsqueda de Refuerzos Tangibles Fuera del Ámbito Escolar). Los resultados revelaron que existían correlaciones positivas y significativas entre el Afecto Negativo y los tres primeros factores de la SRAS-R-C, mientras que no resultaron significativas para el cuarto factor. Los resultados obtenidos confirman la relación entre sentimientos de afectividad negativa y el rechazo escolar, aspecto que debe ser considerado en el estudio de estos casos.The study of affect and its relationship with school refusal behaviour is a field of research with little previous works. The aim of the study was to analyse the relationship between Negative Affect and the different factors that justify the school refusal in students of Primary Education. The sample consisted of 476 Spanish students with an age ranged between 8 and 12 years (M = 10.08; DE = 1.28). The variables of this study were evaluated by the 10-Item Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children (PANAS-C), to assess the Negative Affect subscale, and the School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised for Children (SRAS-R-C), to assess the four factors that justify the school refusal behaviour (I. Avoid Negative affectivity; II Escape the Social Aversion or Evaluation; III. Search for Significant Attention of Others; IV. Search Tangible Reinforcements Outside School). The results revealed that there were significant and positive correlations between Negative Affect and the first three factors of the SRAS-R-C, but they were not significant for the fourth factor. The results confirm the relationship between negative emotions and feelings with school refusal, something that should be considered in the study of these cases

Two-temperature model of the coronal irradiated pellets

A two electron-temperature, quasi-steady model of the corona of a laser-ablated pellet is considered. Ablation pressure, critical radius and mass flow rate are determined. Results are close to those obtained with heat flux saturation well below the free-streaming limit

Profiles of Perfectionism and School Anxiety: A Review of the 2 × 2 Model of Dispositional Perfectionism in Child Population

The 2 × 2 model of dispositional perfectionism has been very well received by researchers of the topic, leading to the creation of new studies that have analyzed the way in which the four proposed subtypes are distinctly associated with measures of adaptation and maladjustment. The goal of this study was to determine the possible existence of four profiles of child perfectionism that are congruent with the subtypes proposed by the 2 × 2 model, and whether these subtypes are associated with school anxiety, in accordance with the hypotheses established by the model. The sample was composed of 2157 students from Spanish Primary Education aged between 8 and 11 years (M = 9.60, SD = 1.24). The Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale was used to assess Socially Prescribed Perfectionism and Self-Oriented Perfectionism, and the School Anxiety Inventory for Primary Education was used to measure school anxiety. The results of cluster analysis identified four differential groups of perfectionists similar to the subtypes defined by the 2 × 2 model: Non-Perfectionism, Pure Personal Standards Perfectionism (Pure PSP), Pure Evaluative Concerns Perfectionism (Pure ECP), and Mixed Perfectionism. The four groups presented a differentiable pattern of association with school anxiety, with the exception of Pure PSP and Pure ECP, which showed no significant differences. Participants classified as Non-perfectionists presented the most adaptive outcomes, whereas subjects included in the Mixed Perfectionism group scored significantly higher on school anxiety than the three remaining groups. To conclude, the results partially supported the hypotheses of the 2 × 2 model, questioning the consideration of Self-Oriented Perfectionism as a positive manifestation of perfectionism and showing that it is the combination of high scores in both perfectionist dimensions, Self-Oriented Perfectionism and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism that implies higher levels of school anxiety. These findings should be taken into account when generalizing the 2 × 2 model to child population.Part of this investigation is supported by the project “Assessment of school anxiety and its relation with psychoeducational variables in childhood. Study of the efficacy of a preventive program” (EDU2012-35124), awarded to JG-F, as well as by aid for the recruitment of pre-doctorate research staff, Program VALi+d (ACIF/2014/368) granted to MV, and by aid to contracts for the training of doctors -UA FPU 2013-5795 y 2015-5995, granted to CG and RS, respectively

El sistema operacional MINERVE para la previsión de crecidas en el Cantón de Valais, Suiza

In recent decades, the watershed of the Rhône River, upstream of Lake Geneva in Switzerland, has suffered three major floods that have caused damages for over 500 million dollars. This led to the third correction of the Rhône River, which aims to improve flood protection in the basin. In this context, the MINERVE system for forecasting and flood management aims to improve the hydrometeorological information in the basin taking into account the existing network of reservoirs and hydropower plants. The first phase of the project began in 2002 with various applied research projects aiming to develop a hydrological and hydraulic model capable of quickly and easily modeling complex basins. Then, these investigations were put into operational phase in 2011 to provide a real-time operating system for flood forecasting and management in the Rhone River

Bioactive bilayered dressing for compromised epidermal tissue regeneration with sequential activity of complementary agents

The article deals with the design, preparation, and evaluation of a new bilayered dressing for application in the healing of compromised wounds. The system is based on the sequential release of two complementary bioactive components to enhance the activation of the regeneration of dermal tissue. The internal layer is a highly hydrophilic and biodegradable film of gelatin and hyaluronic acid (HG), crosslinked with the natural compound genipin, which reacts with the amine groups of gelatin. This film is loaded with the proangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial peptide, proadrenomedullin N-terminal 20 peptide (PAMP), that is released slowly in the wound site. The external layer, more stable and less hydrophilic, is constituted by a biodegradable polyurethane derived from poly(caprolactone) and pluronic L61. This layer is loaded with resorbable nanoparticles of bemiparin (a fractionated low molecular weight heparin), which promotes the activation of growth factors, FGF and VEGF, and provides a good biomechanical stability and controlled permeability of the bilayered dressing. Experiments carried out in mice demonstrate the excellent angiogenic effect of the HG film in the dermal tissue. Application of the bilayered dressing in the wound healing rabbit ear model shows an improved cicatrization of the wound in both ischemic and non-ischemic defects, favoring epithelialization and reducing noticeably the contraction and the inflammation.This work was supported by the CIBER-BBN and a Grant from Spain’s Ministry of Science and Education (SAF2009-13240-C02-01).Peer Reviewe

Extended parametric resonances in nonlinear Schrodinger systems

We study an example of exact parametric resonance in a extended system ruled by nonlinear partial differential equations of nonlinear Schr\"odinger type. It is also conjectured how related models not exactly solvable should behave in the same way. The results have applicability in recent experiments in Bose-Einstein condensation and to classical problems in Nonlinear Optics.Comment: 1 figur

Los desafíos de la modelización hidrológica y la previsión de crecidas en tiempo real en alta montaña

Flood forecasting systems are today recognized as a key element in natural hazard mitigation. The objective is to exploit the available observed and forecasted meteorological information to foresee river discharges up to several days in advance, using a hydrological model. The quality of the hydrological forecast is directly dependent on the quality of the meteorological input feeding the model. Optimal usage of the meteorological data is therefore essential. Depending on the sources of data considered and the method used to spatialize and combine the data, the interpolated precipitation intensity and spatial distribution may vary considerably. Calibration of the model is an important step in the preparation of the system. The parametrization of the model is adapted to obtain simulated discharges as similar as possible to the observed ones. Finally, by integrating in real time discharge and other observations in the computation scheme with data assimilation methods, the quality of the hydrological forecast can be further enhanced

Computational and Experimental Studies Into the Conformations of a Triptycene-Based Ditopic Ligand

The 18th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry session Computational ChemistryWe present a combined computational and experimental study of the possible conformations adopted by a ditopic Schiff base ligand based on triptycene. We have performed DFT calculations on a Y-shaped Schiff base ligand derived from the condensation of 2,6-diaminotriptycene and 2 hydroxybenzaldehyde to obtain the relative energies of their conformers anti-s-cis, syn and anti-s-trans. Since these conformations are practically isoenergetic, interconversions of conformers proceed by rotation about C-N single bonds. NMR spectroscopy shows the presence in solution of the syn conformer, which is stable at room temperature on the NMR time scal

Relación entre ansiedad social y aptitudes intelectuales en estudiantes españoles de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre la ansiedad social y las aptitudes intelectuales (comprensión verbal, concepción espacial, razonamiento, cálculo numérico y fluidez verbal) en una muestra de 2.022 adolescentes españoles (51,1% varones) de 12 a 16 años. La ansiedad social se evaluó utilizando el “Inventario de ansiedad y fobia social” (SPAI) y las aptitudes intelectuales con el “Test de aptitudes mentales primarias” (PMA). Los resultados indicaron que los estudiantes con altas puntuaciones en ansiedad social presentan puntuaciones más bajas en las aptitudes de comprensión verbal, concepción espacial y fluidez verbal que sus compañeros con baja ansiedad social. Asimismo, los resultados obtenidos de la regresión logística señalaron que, por una parte, la ansiedad social es un predictor negativo de dichas competencias y, por otra parte, que los estudiantes tienen menos probabilidad de presentar alta ansiedad social a medida que aumenta su puntuación en las subescalas de fluidez verbal y concepción espacial. Se discute la relevancia teórico-práctica de la relación entre la ansiedad social y la inteligencia en la adolescencia.The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between social anxiety and intellectual abilities (verbal comprehension, spatial visualization, reasoning, numerical calculation and word fluency) in a sample of 2,022 Spanish adolescents (51.1% male) from 12 to 16 years. Social anxiety was assessed using the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI) and the Primary Mental Abilities Test (PMA) was administered for the analysis of intellectual abilities. Results showed that students with high scores on social anxiety have lower scores on verbal comprehension, spatial visualization and word fluency than their peers with low social anxiety. Also, results obtained by logistic regression analysis showed that, on the one hand, social anxiety is a negative predictor of these abilities and, on the other hand, students are less likely to have high social anxiety as the subscale scores of Word Fluency and Spatial Visualization increase. The relevance of the theoretical and practical implications of the relationship between social anxiety and intelligence in adolescence is discussed.Este artículo de investigación ha sido financiado a través del Proyecto SEJ 2004-07311/EDUC perteneciente al Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica del MEC

Aggression Profiles in the Spanish Child Population: Differences in Perfectionism, School Refusal and Affect

The aim of this study was to identify the existence of combinations of aggression components (Anger, Hostility, Physical Aggression and Verbal Aggression) that result in different profiles of aggressive behavior in children, as well as to test the differences between these profiles in scores of perfectionism, school refusal and affect. It is interesting to analyze these variables given: (a) their clinical relevance due to their close relationship with the overall psychopathology; and (b) the need for further evidence regarding how they are associated with aggressive behavior. The sample consisted of 1202 Spanish primary education students between the ages of 8 and 12. Three aggressive behavior profiles for children were identified using Latent Class Analysis (LCA): High Aggression (Z scores between 0.69 and 0.7), Moderate Aggression (Z scores between −0.39 and −0.47) and Low Aggression (Z scores between −1.36 and −1.58). These profiles were found for 49.08%, 38.46% and 12.48% of the sample, respectively. High Aggression scored significantly higher than Moderate Aggression and Low Aggression on Socially Prescribed Perfectionism (SPP), Self-Oriented Perfectionism (SOP), the first three factors of school refusal (i.e., FI. Negative Affective, FII. Social Aversion and/or Evaluation, FIII. To Pursue Attention), and Negative Affect (NA). In addition, Moderate Aggression also reported significantly higher scores than Low Aggression for the three first factors of school refusal and NA. Conversely, Low Aggression had significantly higher mean scores than High Aggression and Moderate Aggression on Positive Affect (PA). Results demonstrate that High Aggression was the most maladaptive profile having a high risk of psychological vulnerability. Aggression prevention programs should be sure to include strategies to overcome psychological problems that characterize children manifesting high levels of aggressive behavior.Part of this investigation is supported by a project of the Vice-Rectorate of Research and Knowledge Transference of the University of Alicante (GRE16-07), awarded to the fourth author and a project of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (EDU2012-35124) awarded to the fifth author