Biomechanical Recycling of Plastic Waste Using Tenebrio Molitor Larvae

Insect larvae eat plastics and can take part in biomechanical recycling, breaking down polymers in their intestinal tract. The objective of the research was to biodegrade waste vinyl (PVC) gloves for domestic use using Tenebrio molitor larvae. For this, the mass of plastic waste was recorded on days 5, 10, 15, 22 and 28 of December 2022. The larvae were measured at the beginning and at the end of the trial and its excrements too. After excrement was analyzed by FTIR. Likewise, the most dominant bacteria were isolated from the intestines of the larvae that ate the plastic waste. The results indicated a utilization rate of 12% of the PCV, a rate of specific consumption of PVC equal to 2.41 mg/larva.day. The introduction of oxygen as a consequence of oxidation and associated granmegative bacteria in the larvae's intestines were also identified in the excreta of the larvae. Se ha development the biodegrading of vinyl glove residues that can be considered a biotechnological and ecological solutions to the challenge of plastic waste

Hematopoietic stem cell gene editing rescues B cell development in X-linked agammaglobulinemia

BACKGROUND: X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is an inborn error of immunity that renders boys susceptible to life-threatening infections due to loss of mature B cells and circulating immunoglobulins. It is caused by defects in the gene encoding the Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) that mediates the maturation of B cells in the bone marrow and their activation in the periphery. Here we report on a gene editing protocol to achieve "knock-in" of a therapeutic BTK cassette in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) as a treatment for XLA. METHODS: To rescue BTK expression, we employed a CRISPR/Cas9 system that creates a DNA double strand break in an early exon of the BTK locus and an AAV6 virus that carries the donor template for homology directed repair. We evaluated the efficacy of the gene editing approach in HSPCs from XLA patients that were cultured in vitro under B cell differentiation conditions or that were transplanted in immunodeficient mice to study B cell output in vivo. RESULTS: A (feeder-free) B cell differentiation protocol was successfully applied to blood-mobilized HSPCs to reproduce in vitro the defects in B cell maturation observed in XLA patients. Using this system, we could show the rescue of B cell maturation by gene editing. Transplantation of edited XLA HSPCs into immunodeficient mice led to restoration of the human B cell lineage compartment in the bone marrow and immunoglobulin production in the periphery. CONCLUSIONS: Gene editing efficiencies above 30% could be consistently achieved in human HSPCs. Given the potential selective advantage of corrected cells, as suggested by skewed X-linked inactivation in carrier females and by competitive repopulating experiments in mouse models, our work demonstrates the potential of this strategy as a future definitive therapy for XLA

Hematopoietic stem cell gene editing rescues B-cell development in X-linked agammaglobulinemia

Background: X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is an inborn error of immunity that renders boys susceptible to life-threatening infections due to loss of mature B cells and circulating immunoglobulins. It is caused by defects in the gene encoding the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) that mediates the maturation of B cells in the bone marrow and their activation in the periphery. This paper reports on a gene editing protocol to achieve "knock-in" of a therapeutic BTK cassette in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) as a treatment for XLA. Methods: To rescue BTK expression, this study employed a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 system that creates a DNA double-strand break in an early exon of the BTK locus and an adeno-associated virus 6 virus that carries the donor template for homology-directed repair. The investigators evaluated the efficacy of the gene editing approach in HSPCs from patients with XLA that were cultured in vitro under B-cell differentiation conditions or that were transplanted in immunodeficient mice to study B-cell output in vivo. Results: A (feeder-free) B-cell differentiation protocol was successfully applied to blood-mobilized HSPCs to reproduce in vitro the defects in B-cell maturation observed in patients with XLA. Using this system, the investigators could show the rescue of B-cell maturation by gene editing. Transplantation of edited XLA HSPCs into immunodeficient mice led to restoration of the human B-cell lineage compartment in the bone marrow and immunoglobulin production in the periphery. Conclusions: Gene editing efficiencies above 30% could be consistently achieved in human HSPCs. Given the potential selective advantage of corrected cells, as suggested by skewed X-linked inactivation in carrier females and by competitive repopulating experiments in mouse models, this work demonstrates the potential of this strategy as a future definitive therapy for XLA

HLA association with the susceptibility to anti-synthetase syndrome

Objective: To investigate the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association with anti-synthetase syndrome (ASSD). Methods: We conducted the largest immunogenetic HLA-DRB1 and HLA-B study to date in a homogeneous cohort of 168 Caucasian patients with ASSD and 486 ethnically matched healthy controls by sequencing-based-typing. Results: A statistically significant increase of HLA-DRB1*03:01 and HLA-B*08:01 alleles in patients with ASSD compared to healthy controls was disclosed (26.2% versus 12.2%, P = 1.56E–09, odds ratio–OR [95% confidence interval–CI] = 2.54 [1.84–3.50] and 21.4% versus 5.5%, P = 18.95E–18, OR [95% CI] = 4.73 [3.18–7.05]; respectively). Additionally, HLA-DRB1*07:01 allele was significantly decreased in patients with ASSD compared to controls (9.2% versus 17.5%, P = 0.0003, OR [95% CI] = 0.48 [0.31–0.72]). Moreover, a statistically significant increase of HLA-DRB1*03:01 allele in anti-Jo-1 positive compared to anti-Jo-1 negative patients with ASSD was observed (31.8% versus 15.5%, P = 0.001, OR [95% CI] = 2.54 [1.39–4.81]). Similar findings were observed when HLA carrier frequencies were assessed. The HLA-DRB1*03:01 association with anti-Jo-1 was unrelated to smoking history. No HLA differences in patients with ASSD stratified according to the presence/absence of the most representative non-anti-Jo-1 anti-synthetase autoantibodies (anti-PL-12 and anti-PL-7), arthritis, myositis or interstitial lung disease were observed. Conclusions: Our results support the association of the HLA complex with the susceptibility to ASSD

Estudio teórico y experimental del sistema 9 Be + 51 V y sistemas similares

En este trabajo de tesis se presenta el estudio sistemático de los sistemas 7Li + 51V, 9Be + 51V y 8B + 58Ni. Para los sistemas ( 7Li, 9 Be) + 51V se midieron las secciones eficaces de fusión a energías cercanas a la barrera Coulombiana (EB,lab=11.75 y 16.16 MeV, respectivamente) empleando la técnica de rayos γ. El experimento para medir la fusión se llevó a cabo en el Laboratorio del Acelerador Tan- dem, del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), siendo éstas las primeras mediciones realizadas para estos proyectiles a las energías consideradas. De forma simultánea, se hizo el análisis de los posibles núcleos residuales usando los códigos computacionales de fusión-evaporación PACE2, LILITA y CASCADE. Los resultados obtenidos fueron comparados con los datos experimentales me- didos. De forma preliminar, para el sistema 7Li + 51V, se hicieron cálculos usando la teoría de canales acoplados de reacción para estimar la contribución de la sección eficaz de transferencia de un protón a la producción del núcleo residual 52Cr. Para el sistema 8B + 58Ni, se hizo un análisis teórico de canales acoplados con el continuo discretizado y canales acoplados de reacción para estudiar los procesos de rompimiento y de transfe- rencia de un protón, 58Ni(8B,7Be)59Cu, a energías alrededor de la barrera Coulombiana (EB,lab=22.95 MeV). Para calcular las secciones eficaces correspondientes se usó un potencial de Modelo Óptico se- mimicroscópico, el cual combina un potencial real de doble convolución, un potencial de polarización y un potencial imaginario tipo Woods-Saxon. A partir de la comparación de nuestros cálculos con datos experimentales se determinaron los factores espectroscópicos Sexpt y astrofísicos S17(0) del protón en la interacción 8B → 7Be+p

Measurements of Higgs boson production and couplings in diboson final states with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Measurements are presented of production properties and couplings of the recently discovered Higgs boson using the decays into boson pairs, H →γ γ, H → Z Z∗ →4l and H →W W∗ →lνlν. The results are based on the complete pp collision data sample recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider at centre-of-mass energies of √s = 7 TeV and √s = 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 25 fb−1. Evidence for Higgs boson production through vector-boson fusion is reported. Results of combined fits probing Higgs boson couplings to fermions and bosons, as well as anomalous contributions to loop-induced production and decay modes, are presented. All measurements are consistent with expectations for the Standard Model Higgs boson

Standalone vertex finding in the ATLAS muon spectrometer

A dedicated reconstruction algorithm to find decay vertices in the ATLAS muon spectrometer is presented. The algorithm searches the region just upstream of or inside the muon spectrometer volume for multi-particle vertices that originate from the decay of particles with long decay paths. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated using both a sample of simulated Higgs boson events, in which the Higgs boson decays to long-lived neutral particles that in turn decay to bbar b final states, and pp collision data at √s = 7 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC during 2011

Single hadron response measurement and calorimeter jet energy scale uncertainty with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

The uncertainty on the calorimeter energy response to jets of particles is derived for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). First, the calorimeter response to single isolated charged hadrons is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo simulation using proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of sqrt(s) = 900 GeV and 7 TeV collected during 2009 and 2010. Then, using the decay of K_s and Lambda particles, the calorimeter response to specific types of particles (positively and negatively charged pions, protons, and anti-protons) is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo predictions. Finally, the jet energy scale uncertainty is determined by propagating the response uncertainty for single charged and neutral particles to jets. The response uncertainty is 2-5% for central isolated hadrons and 1-3% for the final calorimeter jet energy scale.Comment: 24 pages plus author list (36 pages total), 23 figures, 1 table, submitted to European Physical Journal

Measurement of the top quark-pair production cross section with ATLAS in pp collisions at \sqrt{s}=7\TeV

A measurement of the production cross-section for top quark pairs(\ttbar) in $pp$ collisions at \sqrt{s}=7 \TeV is presented using data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are selected in two different topologies: single lepton (electron $e$ or muon $\mu$) with large missing transverse energy and at least four jets, and dilepton ($ee$, $\mu\mu$ or $e\mu$) with large missing transverse energy and at least two jets. In a data sample of 2.9 pb-1, 37 candidate events are observed in the single-lepton topology and 9 events in the dilepton topology. The corresponding expected backgrounds from non-\ttbar Standard Model processes are estimated using data-driven methods and determined to be $12.2 \pm 3.9$ events and $2.5 \pm 0.6$ events, respectively. The kinematic properties of the selected events are consistent with SM \ttbar production. The inclusive top quark pair production cross-section is measured to be \sigmattbar=145 \pm 31 ^{+42}_{-27} pb where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The measurement agrees with perturbative QCD calculations.Comment: 30 pages plus author list (50 pages total), 9 figures, 11 tables, CERN-PH number and final journal adde