1,224 research outputs found
Nanoscale magnetic structure of ferromagnet/antiferromagnet manganite multilayers
Polarized Neutron Reflectometry and magnetometry measurements have been used
to obtain a comprehensive picture of the magnetic structure of a series of
La{2/3}Sr{1/3}MnO{3}/Pr{2/3}Ca{1/3}MnO{3} (LSMO/PCMO) superlattices, with
varying thickness of the antiferromagnetic (AFM) PCMO layers (0<=t_A<=7.6 nm).
While LSMO presents a few magnetically frustrated monolayers at the interfaces
with PCMO, in the latter a magnetic contribution due to FM inclusions within
the AFM matrix was found to be maximized at t_A~3 nm. This enhancement of the
FM moment occurs at the matching between layer thickness and cluster size,
where the FM clusters would find the optimal strain conditions to be
accommodated within the "non-FM" material. These results have important
implications for tuning phase separation via the explicit control of strain.Comment: 4 pages, submitted to PR
Effects of Capping on the (Ga,Mn)As Magnetic Depth Profile
Annealing can increase the Curie temperature and net magnetization in
uncapped (Ga,Mn)As films, effects that are suppressed when the films are capped
with GaAs. Previous polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR) studies of uncapped
(Ga,Mn)As revealed a pronounced magnetization gradient that was reduced after
annealing. We have extended this study to (Ga,Mn)As capped with GaAs. We
observe no increase in Curie temperature or net magnetization upon annealing.
Furthermore, PNR measurements indicate that annealing produces minimal
differences in the depth-dependent magnetization, as both as-grown and annealed
films feature a significant magnetization gradient. These results suggest that
the GaAs cap inhibits redistribution of interstitial Mn impurities during
annealing.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Applied Physics Letter
The Scent of Collaboration: Exploring the Efect of Smell on Social Interactions
Social interactions are multisensory experiences. However, it is not well understood how technology-mediated smell can support social interactions, especially in collaborative tasks. To explore its effect on collaboration, we asked eleven pairs of users to work together on a writing task while wearing an interactive jewellery designed to emit scent in a controlled fashion. In a within-subjects experiment, participants were asked to collaboratively write a story about a standardized visual stimulus while exposed to with scent and without scent conditions. We analyzed video recordings and written stories using a combination of methods from HCI, psychology, sociology, and human communication research. We observed differences in both participants' communication and creation of insightful stories in the with scent condition. Furthermore, scent helped participants recover from communication breakdown even though they were unaware of it. We discuss the possible implications of our findings and the potential of technology-mediated scent for collaborative activities
Local Nature of Coset Models
The local algebras of the maximal Coset model C_max associated with a chiral
conformal subtheory A\subset B are shown to coincide with the local relative
commutants of A in B, provided A contains a stress energy tensor.
Making the same assumption, the adjoint action of the unique
inner-implementing representation U^A associated with A\subset B on the local
observables in B is found to define net-endomorphisms of B. This property is
exploited for constructing from B a conformally covariant holographic image in
1+1 dimensions which proves useful as a geometric picture for the joint
inclusion A\vee C_max \subset B.
Immediate applications to the analysis of current subalgebras are given and
the relation to normal canonical tensor product subfactors is clarified. A
natural converse of Borchers' theorem on half-sided translations is made
accessible.Comment: 33 pages, no figures; typos, minor improvement
Deformations of quantum field theories on de Sitter spacetime
Quantum field theories on de Sitter spacetime with global U(1) gauge symmetry
are deformed using the joint action of the internal symmetry group and a
one-parameter group of boosts. The resulting theory turns out to be wedge-local
and non-isomorphic to the initial one for a class of theories, including the
free charged Dirac field. The properties of deformed models coming from
inclusions of CAR-algebras are studied in detail.Comment: 26 pages, no figure
A New Approach to Spin and Statistics
We give an algebraic proof of the spin-statistics connection for the
parabosonic and parafermionic quantum topological charges of a theory of local
observables with a modular PCT-symmetry. The argument avoids the use of the
spinor calculus and also works in 1+2 dimensions. It is expected to be a
progress towards a general spin-statistics theorem including also
(1+2)-dimensional theories with braid group statistics.Comment: LATEX, 15 pages, no figure
Percolation of satisfiability in finite dimensions
The satisfiability and optimization of finite-dimensional Boolean formulas
are studied using percolation theory, rare region arguments, and boundary
effects. In contrast with mean-field results, there is no satisfiability
transition, though there is a logical connectivity transition. In part of the
disconnected phase, rare regions lead to a divergent running time for
optimization algorithms. The thermodynamic ground state for the NP-hard
two-dimensional maximum-satisfiability problem is typically unique. These
results have implications for the computational study of disordered materials.Comment: 4 pages, 4 fig
Limits of magnetic interactions in Ni-Nb ferromagnet-superconductor bilayers
Studies of ferromagnet-superconductor hybrid systems have uncovered magnetic
interactions between the competing electronic orderings. The Electromagnetic
Proximity Effect predicts the formation of a spontaneous vector potential
inside a superconductor placed in proximity to a ferromagnet. In this work, we
use a Nb superconducting layer and Ni ferromagnetic layer to test for such
magnetic interactions. We use the complementary, but independent, techniques of
polarised neutron reflectometry and detection Josephson junctions to probe the
magnetic response inside the superconducting layer at close to zero applied
field. In this condition, Meissner screening is negligible, so our measurements
examine only additional magnetic and screening contributions from proximity
effects. We report that any signals attributable to such proximity effects are
below the detection resolution of our experimental study. We estimate a limit
of the size of the zero field Electromagnetic Proximity Effect in our Ni-Nb
samples to be 0.27 mT from our measurements.Comment: Main text 18 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Plus SI 8 pages, 6 figure
Hypergraphic LP Relaxations for Steiner Trees
We investigate hypergraphic LP relaxations for the Steiner tree problem,
primarily the partition LP relaxation introduced by Koenemann et al. [Math.
Programming, 2009]. Specifically, we are interested in proving upper bounds on
the integrality gap of this LP, and studying its relation to other linear
relaxations. Our results are the following. Structural results: We extend the
technique of uncrossing, usually applied to families of sets, to families of
partitions. As a consequence we show that any basic feasible solution to the
partition LP formulation has sparse support. Although the number of variables
could be exponential, the number of positive variables is at most the number of
terminals. Relations with other relaxations: We show the equivalence of the
partition LP relaxation with other known hypergraphic relaxations. We also show
that these hypergraphic relaxations are equivalent to the well studied
bidirected cut relaxation, if the instance is quasibipartite. Integrality gap
upper bounds: We show an upper bound of sqrt(3) ~ 1.729 on the integrality gap
of these hypergraph relaxations in general graphs. In the special case of
uniformly quasibipartite instances, we show an improved upper bound of 73/60 ~
1.216. By our equivalence theorem, the latter result implies an improved upper
bound for the bidirected cut relaxation as well.Comment: Revised full version; a shorter version will appear at IPCO 2010
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