МОНИТОРИНГ ТРИХИНЕЛЛЕЗА СВИНЕЙ И ДИКИХ КАБАНОВ В ПРОВИНЦИИ ПОМЕРАНИЯ (ПОЛЬША) С ТОЧКИ ЗРЕНИЯ ФАКТОРОВ РИСКА ДЛЯ ЗДОРОВЬЯ ЧЕЛОВЕКА

The main reservoirs of trichinosis in the province Pomeranian (Polish) are wild boars and pigs which are still a serious threat to human health. The aim of the study was to investigated the prevalence of Trichinella spp. among wild boars and pigs in province Pomerania. From the veterinary and epidemiological perspective it was of the prime importance to identify the reason for the increasing prevalence of Trichinella spp. larvae infections among wild boars observed in the years 2008-2013. In the animal study of parasitology for Trichinella larvae presence were performed post mortem by digestion method. Evaluation of microscopic samples of muscle preceded by digestion tests in artificial stomachs. Trichinella diagnosis in humans was based on immunoassay for the detection of presence Trichinella specific antibodies in serum. The assessment was based on official data on the number of cases of trichinosis in pigs and wild boars, derived from the annual reports of the Veterinary Inspectorate in Szczecin and annual bulletins of the National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene. In 2008, 16 583 tested boars Trichinella larvae were found in 92 cases, which accounted for 0,55 %. However, in 2013 it was 158 infected animals, which constituted the prevalence of 1,19 %. In 2005, 2006 and 2007 on Polish territory were major outbreaks of epidemic trichinosis. The largest of these took place in the province West Pomerania, where around 300 people were hospitalized. The diagnosis of trichinosis is based on the clinical picture, an interview with epidemiological and laboratory diagnostic examinations. The conducted monitoring over the years has shown cyclical nature of the occurrence of a tendency to create an epidemic.Основными носителями трихинеллеза на территории провинции Померания (Польша) являются дикие кабаны и свиньи, которые по-прежнему представляют серьезную угрозу для здоровья человека. Целью данной работы является изучение распространения Trichinella spp. среди диких кабанов и свиней провинции Померания. С точки зрения ветеринарии и эпидемиологии, было необходимо в первую очередь установить причину нарастающего распространения инфекции среди диких кабанов, вызванной Trichinella spp. larvae, на протяжении 2008-2013 годов. Было проведено посмертное вскрытие и исследование ЖКТ животных для определения наличия Trichinella larvae. Проведено исследование образцов мышечной ткани под микроскопом, используя метод переваривания в искусственном желудочном соке. Наличие инфекции Trichinella larvae у человека определяется с помощью иммунного анализа, который позволяет обнаружить в сыворотке крови антитела к Trichinella spp. Наша оценка основана на официальных данных исследования ряда случаев трихинеллеза у диких кабанов и свиней, полученных из ежегодных отчетов Ветеринарной Инспекции г. Щецин и ежегодных бюллетеней Национального Института Общественного Здоровья и Национального Института Гигиены. Из 16 583 кабанов, обследованных в 2008 г. Trichinella larvae была установлена в 92 случаях что составило 0,55 %. Однако, в 2013 г. было зарегистрировано 158 инфицированных животных, что составило 1,19 %. В 2005, 2006 и 200г г.г. на территории Польши были отмечены крупные вспышки эпидемии трихинеллеза. Наиболее сильная вспышка трихинеллеза была зафиксирована в провинции Западная Померания, где было госпитализировано около 300 человек. Диагноз трихинеллеза ставился на основании клинической картины, эпидемиологического анамнеза и лабораторных исследований. Природа цикличности эпидемий трихинеллеза изучалась в процессе мониторинга, проводимого на протяжении ряда лет

MONITORING OF TRICHINOSIS IN PIGS AND WILD BOARS IN TERMS OF HAZARDS TO HUMAN HEALTH IN THE PROVINCE POMERANIAN - POLAND

The main reservoirs of trichinosis in the province Pomeranian (Polish) are wild boars and pigs which are still a serious threat to human health. The aim of the study was to investigated the prevalence of Trichinella spp. among wild boars and pigs in province Pomerania. From the veterinary and epidemiological perspective it was of the prime importance to identify the reason for the increasing prevalence of Trichinella spp. larvae infections among wild boars observed in the years 2008-2013. In the animal study of parasitology for Trichinella larvae presence were performed post mortem by digestion method. Evaluation of microscopic samples of muscle preceded by digestion tests in artificial stomachs. Trichinella diagnosis in humans was based on immunoassay for the detection of presence Trichinella specific antibodies in serum. The assessment was based on official data on the number of cases of trichinosis in pigs and wild boars, derived from the annual reports of the Veterinary Inspectorate in Szczecin and annual bulletins of the National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene. In 2008, 16 583 tested boars Trichinella larvae were found in 92 cases, which accounted for 0,55 %. However, in 2013 it was 158 infected animals, which constituted the prevalence of 1,19 %. In 2005, 2006 and 2007 on Polish territory were major outbreaks of epidemic trichinosis. The largest of these took place in the province West Pomerania, where around 300 people were hospitalized. The diagnosis of trichinosis is based on the clinical picture, an interview with epidemiological and laboratory diagnostic examinations. The conducted monitoring over the years has shown cyclical nature of the occurrence of a tendency to create an epidemic

Infection of Raccoon Dogs (<i>Nyctereutes procyonoides</i>) from Northern Poland with Gastrointestinal Parasites as a Potential Threat to Human Health

The aim of the study was to determinate the prevalence and intensity of infection of raccoon dogs with internal parasites, with a particular emphasis on particular species of helminths known to be dangerous to humans. A total of 96 raccoon dogs were obtained from hunters from September 2018 to October 2021. The digestive tract was taken for examination. The parasitological examination was performed using the dissection methods. The extensity of infection with all internal parasites was 60.3%. The following parasites were found in the tested animals: Echinococcus multilocularis (in 10.42% of animals), Toxocara canis (18.75%), Alaria alata (25.0%), Taenia spp. (19.79%), Uncinaria stenocephala (27.08%), Mesocestoides spp. (54.17%) and Dipylidium caninum (6.25%). The highest mean intensity of infection was demonstrated by A. alata and E. multilocularis then by Mesocestoides spp. This study showed that the raccoon dog from northern Poland is a reservoir host of zoonotic pathogens, such as E. multilocularis, Toxocara canis and Alaria alata. Although the role of the racoon dog as a final host of the life cycle of E. multilocularis is considered of less importance than that of the red fox, this species may increase the risk of echinococcosis in humans, mainly due to its growing population in northern Poland