144 research outputs found
Influence of caregiver network support and caregiver psychopathology on child mental health need and service use in the LONGSCAN study
Using structural equation modeling, this study examined the relationship of caregiver network support on caregiver and child mental health need, as well as child mental health service use among 1075 8-year-old children participating in the LONGSCAN study. The final model showed acceptable fit (χ2 = 301.476, df = 136, p<0.001; RMSEA = 0.052; CFI = 0.95). Caregiver and child mental health needs were positively related. As predicted, caregiver network support exerted a protective effect, with greater levels of caregiver network support predictive of lower caregiver and child need. Contrary to prediction, however, caregiver network support was not directly related to child service use. Higher child need was directly related to child service use, especially among children whose caregivers had mental health problems. The findings appear to indicate that lower levels of caregiver network support may exert its impact on child service use indirectly by increasing caregiver and child need, rather than by directly increasing the likelihood of receiving services, especially for African American children
Reproducible image-based profiling with Pycytominer
Technological advances in high-throughput microscopy have facilitated the
acquisition of cell images at a rapid pace, and data pipelines can now extract
and process thousands of image-based features from microscopy images. These
features represent valuable single-cell phenotypes that contain information
about cell state and biological processes. The use of these features for
biological discovery is known as image-based or morphological profiling.
However, these raw features need processing before use and image-based
profiling lacks scalable and reproducible open-source software. Inconsistent
processing across studies makes it difficult to compare datasets and processing
steps, further delaying the development of optimal pipelines, methods, and
analyses. To address these issues, we present Pycytominer, an open-source
software package with a vibrant community that establishes an image-based
profiling standard. Pycytominer has a simple, user-friendly Application
Programming Interface (API) that implements image-based profiling functions for
processing high-dimensional morphological features extracted from microscopy
images of cells. Establishing Pycytominer as a standard image-based profiling
toolkit ensures consistent data processing pipelines with data provenance,
therefore minimizing potential inconsistencies and enabling researchers to
confidently derive accurate conclusions and discover novel insights from their
data, thus driving progress in our field.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure
Rheumatoid Arthritis is an Autoimmune Disease Triggered by Proteus Urinary Tract Infection
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and disabling polyarthritic disease, which affects mainly women in middle and old age
The Tetraspanin Protein CD37 Regulates IgA Responses and Anti-Fungal Immunity
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) secretion by plasma cells in the immune system is critical for protecting the host from environmental and microbial infections. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the generation of IgA+ plasma cells remain poorly understood. Here, we report that the B cell–expressed tetraspanin CD37 inhibits IgA immune responses in vivo. CD37-deficient (CD37−/−) mice exhibit a 15-fold increased level of IgA in serum and significantly elevated numbers of IgA+ plasma cells in spleen, mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue, as well as bone marrow. Analyses of bone marrow chimeric mice revealed that CD37–deficiency on B cells was directly responsible for the increased IgA production. We identified high local interleukin-6 (IL-6) production in germinal centers of CD37−/− mice after immunization. Notably, neutralizing IL-6 in vivo reversed the increased IgA response in CD37−/− mice. To demonstrate the importance of CD37—which can associate with the pattern-recognition receptor dectin-1—in immunity to infection, CD37−/− mice were exposed to Candida albicans. We report that CD37−/− mice are evidently better protected from infection than wild-type (WT) mice, which was accompanied by increased IL-6 levels and C. albicans–specific IgA antibodies. Importantly, adoptive transfer of CD37−/− serum mediated protection in WT mice and the underlying mechanism involved direct neutralization of fungal cells by IgA. Taken together, tetraspanin protein CD37 inhibits IgA responses and regulates the anti-fungal immune response
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