Estimasi Beban Puncak Energi Listrik Pada Sistem Sulutgo Menggunakan Artificial Neural Network Dan Metode Moving Average

Sulutgo interconnection system is the electrical energy suppliers for North Sulawesi and Gorontalo. Their role as the electrical energy supplier was complained by people in 2015, due to lack of electricity supply that lead to continuous rolling blackouts. Accordingly, it is important to identify the electrical peak load in Sulutgo system, so that the electrical necessity of the people can be properly fulfilled. The electrical peak load in the next 12 month is estimated using the backpropagation method artificial neural network and forecasting method moving average. The estimation was performed by using the last 24 month peak load data. Based on the results of both estimation, it is found the backpropagation method artificial neural network has fluctuated results while the forecasting method moving average gives stable results. The results of the estimation of peak load electricity using bacpropagation artificial neural network method for the next 12 month starting from July 2016 to June 2017 are 327.48, 353.99, 316.32, 316.66, 332.37, 329.79, 332.31, 356.21, 318.60, 349.56, 351.37, 362.04 MW. While the results of the estimation method using moving average forecasting for the same period are 325.68, 326.03, 326.39, 326.72, 327.25, 328.09, 327.94, 328.72, 329.94, 330.32, 327.65, 326.52 MW

Korelasi Kadar Magnesium Serum dengan Albuminuria pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran magnesium pada nefropati diabetes dan mendapatkan proporsi albuminuria pada pasien DM tipe 2 dengan hipomagnesemia dan magnesium normal serta mendapatkan korelasi kadar Mg dengan albuminuria. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan consecutive sampling pada pasien DM tipe 2 yang terdiagnosis nefropati diabetes di Poliklinik Diabetes RSCM pada bulan Maret-Juni 2014. Dilakukan anamnesis faktor risiko, pemeriksaan fisik, kadar magnesium, albumine creatinine ratio dan A1C. Terdapat 38 subjek yang diikutsertakan dalam penelitian yang sebagian besar berusia lebih 50 tahun dan memiliki kontrol glikemik yang buruk (81,6%). Pada subjek penelitian yang memiliki kadar Mg<1,7 mg/dl 80% mengalami albuminuria, sedangkan pada subjek yang memiliki kadar Mg ≥ 1,7 mg/ dl sebanyak 63,6% mengalami albuminuria. Didapatkan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,006 yang menunjukkan hubungan yang lemah antara kadar magnesium dalam darah dengan albuminuria. Disimpulkan tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar magnesium dengan derajat albuminuria

The Role of Ascitic Paracentesis in Liver Cirrhosis in Improving the Function and Structure of the Heart

Background: Heart abnormalities in cirrhotic patients have been known for five decades, with atria and ventricular dilatation. Pozzi et al reported that in cirrhotic patients with or without ascites, the diastolic function was lower than control. Ascitic paracentesis improved diastolic function. The diameter of both atria was larger in cirrhotic patients with or without ascites. The diastolic diameter of left ventricle did not differ significantly in cirrhotic patients with or without ascites compared to control, but there was an increase after paracentesis. Ejection fraction was lower in cirrhotic and increased after ascitic parancentesis although the increase was not significant. The aim of the Study: To compare the function and structure of the heart before and after ascitic paracentesis in cirrhotic patients. Methods: This study took place from February 2000 to April 2001 in dr. Pringadi Hospital/H.Adam Malik Hospital. There were 18 samples (12 men and 6 women), 15 of which were cirrhotic patients with tense ascites and 3 cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites. The mean age was 51,8 + 8,28 years, the youngest being 29 years and the oldest 65 years. The mean ascitic fluid removed by paracentesis was 7,20 liters with a range of 5 to 9 liters. Immediately following paracentesis, Dextran 40 % was administered at a dose of 8g/ 1L ascitic fluid aspirated. Results: The diameter of the four heart chambers decreased after paracentesis, but the decrease was not statistically significant. There was increase in E/A ratio after ascitic paracentesis, from 0,93 + 0,370 to 1,06 + 0,383 (significant, p<0,05), meaning that there was an improvement in diastolic function after ascitic paracentesis. There was also an increase in ejection fraction from 68,99 + 13,26 % to 72,10 + 11,10 %, but this was not significant (p>0,05). Conclusion: After paracentesis, there was a significant improvement in diastolic function while the diameter of the four heart chambers decreased and the ejection fraction increased insignificantly

Method Improving Reading Comprehension In Primary Education Program Students

Abstract This study aims to determine the influence of reading comprehension skills of English for PGSD students through the application of SQ3R learning method. The type of this research is Pre-Experimental research because it is not yet a real experiment, there are external variables that influence the formation of a dependent variable, this is because there is no control variable and the sample is not chosen randomly. The research design is used is onegroup pretest-post-test design involving one group that is an experimental group. In this design, the observation is done twice before and after the experiment. Observations made before the experiment (O1) are called pretests and the post-experimental observation (O2) is called posttest. The difference between O1 and O2 ie O2 - O1 is the effect of the treatment. The results showed that there was an improvement in reading comprehension skills of PGSD students in Class M.4.3 using SQ3R method, and better SQ3R enabling SQ3R to improve English comprehension skills. Keywords: reading comprehension skills, application of SQ3R metho

Combining thermal imaging with photogrammetry of an active volcano using UAV : an example from Stromboli, Italy

The authors would like to thank the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Catania (INGV‐CT) for granting permission to conduct the UAV surveys over the Stromboli volcano. This work was supported by the School for Early Career Researchers at the University of Aberdeen, UK. Dougal Jerram is partly funded through a Norwegian Research Council Centres of Excellence project (project number 223272, CEED). The team would like to thank Angelo Cristaudo for logistical help during the fieldwork efforts on Stromboli.Peer reviewedPostprin

Extensive morphological and behavioural diversity among fourteen new and seven described species in Phytophthora Clade 10 and its evolutionary implications

During extensive surveys of global Phytophthora diversity 14 new species detected in natural ecosystems in Chile, Indonesia, USA (Louisiana), Sweden, Ukraine and Vietnam were assigned to Phytophthora major Clade 10 based on a multigene phylogeny of nine nuclear and three mitochondrial gene regions. Clade 10 now comprises three subclades. Subclades 10a and 10b contain species with nonpapillate sporangia, a range of breeding systems and a mainly soil- and waterborne lifestyle. These include the previously described P. afrocarpa, P. gallica and P. intercalaris and eight of the new species: P. ludoviciana, P. procera, P. pseudogallica, P. scandinavica, P. subarctica, P. tenuimura, P. tonkinensis and P. ukrainensis. In contrast, all species in Subclade 10c have papillate sporangia and are self-fertile (or homothallic) with an aerial lifestyle including the known P. boehmeriae, P. gondwanensis, P. kernoviae and P. morindae and the new species P. celebensis, P. chilensis, P. javanensis, P. multiglobulosa, P. pseudochilensis and P. pseudokernoviae. All new Phytophthora species differed from each other and from related species by their unique combinations of morphological characters, breeding systems, cardinal temperatures and growth rates. The biogeography and evolutionary history of Clade 10 are discussed. We propose that the three subclades originated via the early divergence of pre-Gondwanan ancestors > 175 Mya into water- and soilborne and aerially dispersed lineages and subsequently underwent multiple allopatric and sympatric radiations during their global spread