5 research outputs found
Okreslenie zawartosci azotanow [V] i [III] oraz garbnikow w herbatach czarnych importowanych
Podczas procesu zaparzania herbaty do roztworu ekstrahowane s膮 r贸偶ne zwi膮zki. Do zwi膮zk贸w po偶膮danych nale偶膮 garbniki (bioaktywne sk艂adniki herbaty), natomiast azotany(V) i (III) to zwi膮zki niepo偶膮dane w naparach herbacianych. Badano herbaty importowane do Polski z Chin, Malawi, Papui Nowej Gwinei, Indonezji i Sri Lanki. Zawarto艣膰 garbnik贸w w herbatach by艂a zr贸偶nicowana od 0,04 g/100 g w herbatach chi艅skich do 3,82 g/100 g w surowcu pochodz膮cym z Malawi. Herbaty pochodz膮ce z Papui Nowej Gwinei charakteryzowa艂y si臋 najni偶sz膮 zawarto艣ci膮 azotan贸w(V), wynosz膮c膮 5,70 mg/kg oraz brakiem azotan贸w(III). Najwy偶sze ilo艣ci tych azotan贸w stwierdzono w herbacie z Malawi, a wynosi艂y one odpowiednio 64,38 i 13,50 mg/kg.Tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world. Annual consumption of tea in Poland reaches about 0,9 kg/person. During the brewing process, many compounds are transferred to the brew. Tannins (bioactive components) are highly desirable in drinking tea, whereas nitrates(V) and (III) are unwanted in the brew. The research was limited to teas imported to Poland from China, Malawi, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and Sri Lanka. The content of tannins in tea varied from 0,04 to 3,82 g/100g. The determined content of nitrates(V) ranged from 5,70 to 64,38 mg NaNO3/kg and of nitrates(III) from 0,00 to 13,50 mg NaNO2/kg. Teas imported to Poland are used primarily for the preparation of mixed teas. The results of this paper may be of use to firms involved in the preparation and distribution of consumer products, in order to achieve improved smell and taste of their mixes
Anti-carcinogenic properties of white cabbage
W krajach rozwini臋tych choroby nowotworowe staj膮 si臋 obecnie najbardziej znacz膮cym elementem koszt贸w leczenia spo艂ecze艅stw oraz g艂贸wn膮 przyczyn膮 przedwczesnych zgon贸w. St膮d te偶 ogromne zainteresowanie profilaktyk膮 przeciwnowotworow膮, kt贸re nabra艂o szczeg贸lnego znaczenia po stwierdzeniu, w wyniku bada艅 epidemiologicznych, 偶e 偶ywno艣膰 pochodzenia ro艣linnego zawiera liczne substancje przeciwdzia艂aj膮ce powstawaniu nowotwor贸w. Szczeg贸lnie cenne mog膮 by膰 warzywa krzy偶owe, w przypadku kt贸rych obserwowano znaczn膮 ujemn膮 korelacj臋 pomi臋dzy poziomem spo偶ycia a zapadalno艣ci膮 na nowotwory piersi, jelita grubego i p艂uc. W Europie 艢rodkowej najwa偶niejszym warzywem z rodziny krzy偶owych jest kapusta bia艂a (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), stanowi膮ca tradycyjny element diety kraj贸w tego regionu. Ze wzgl臋du na du偶e spo偶ycie i dost臋pno艣膰 przez ca艂y rok, warzywo to mo偶e by膰 potencjalnie znacz膮cym elementem chemoprewencji nowotworowej.
Na Wydziale Chemicznym Politechniki Gda艅skiej podj臋to wielokierunkowe prace maj膮ce na celu ocen臋 przeciwnowotworowych w艂a艣ciwo艣ci zar贸wno 艣wie偶ej kapusty, jak i poddanej obr贸bce kulinarnej, stosuj膮c r贸偶ne modele badawcze, dawki i form臋 preparat贸w warzywnych, zbli偶one do rzeczywistego spo偶ycia. Jak si臋 powszechnie uwa偶a, jednym z czynnik贸w uruchamiaj膮cych proces kancerogenezy s膮 reaktywne formy tlenu (ROS), kt贸re reaguj膮c z wa偶nymi biomoleku艂ami zmieniaj膮 ich struktur臋 i funkcj臋, co mo偶e przyczynia膰 si臋 do transformacji zdrowej kom贸rki w nowotworow膮. Wiadomo tak偶e, 偶e ROS mog膮 by膰 przyczyn膮 wielu innych chor贸b cywilizacyjnych oraz proces贸w starzenia. Jedn膮 z linii badawczych nad przeciwnowotworowymi w艂a艣ciwo艣ciami kapusty, podj臋tych przez autor贸w, by艂a ocena zdolno艣ci fitokompleksu tego warzywa do przeciwdzia艂ania efektom ROS. Badania zosta艂y zaplanowane tak, by umo偶liwi膰 ocen臋 kapusty na r贸偶nych poziomach, pocz膮wszy od pomiaru w艂a艣ciwo艣ci przeciwutleniaj膮cych in vitro i oznaczenia substancji przeciwutleniaj膮cych, okre艣lenia zdolno艣ci ochrony innych sk艂adnik贸w 偶ywno艣ci przed utlenieniem, poprzez ocen臋 zdolno艣ci ochrony kom贸rek przed atakiem ROS, po wykazanie zdolno艣ci do indukcji endogennych mechanizm贸w kom贸rkowych niweluj膮cych zaistnia艂e efekty stresu oksydacyjnego. Przedstawiona praca stanowi podsumowanie bada艅 prowadzonych przez trzy zespo艂y badawcze. Stwierdzono, 偶e sk艂adniki kapusty, zar贸wno 艣wie偶ej, jak i poddanej obr贸bce kulinarnej, nie tylko chroni膮 inne sk艂adniki 偶ywno艣ci przed niekorzystnymi procesami termooksydacyjnymi, ale tak偶e wykazuj膮 szereg aktywno艣ci pozwalaj膮cych organizmowi neutralizowa膰 reaktywne formy tlenu, a tak偶e zwalcza膰 ju偶 zaistnia艂e szkodliwe efekty ich dzia艂ania.Presently, in the developed countries, oncological diseases have become the most significant factor of the medical treatment costs of the populations, as well as the main reason of premature deaths. This is why there is a huge interest in anti-carcinogenic prophylaxis; this interest has become particularly substantial upon the evidence provided by epidemiological studies that plant-derived foods contained numerous phyto-chemicals capable of preventing the development of neoplasms. Cruciferous vegetables can be particularly valuable, since, in their case, an essential, negative correlation between the level of their consumption and the level of incidence of breast, colorectal and lung neoplasms was found. In Central Europe, white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) is the most important vegetable of the cruciferous plant family; it is a traditional element of the diets in the countries in this region. Owing to its high consumption level and its availability all year round, this vegetable can be a potentially significant element in the chemoprevention against cancer diseases. At the Chemical Faculty at the Gda艅sk University of Technology, multifaceted research projects were initiated and accomplished, with the purpose of assessing the anti-carcinogenic properties of both the fresh and the culinary processed cabbage. In the research projects, various experimental models, diverse doses and forms of the vegetable preparations were applied; they all were as close to the real consumption as possible. The common opinion is that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the triggers of carcinogenic processes; they react with important cellular bio-molecules, change their structure and function, and, thereby, contribute to the transformation of a healthy cell into a neoplasmic one. ROS are also believed to be a cause of many other civilization diseases, as well as of the aging processes. Therefore, one of the project lines carried out by the authors of this paper and dealing with the anti-carcinogenic properties of cabbage, was the assessment of potentiality of phyto-complex of this vegetable to prevent the effects by ROS. The research project was designed so as to make it possible to assess the cabbage at different levels. To start with, its antioxidant activity was measured in vitro and antioxidant substances were determined; next, the capability of cabbage was assessed to: protect other food components against the oxidation; protect cells against the attack by ROS; and, finally, induce endogeneous mechanisms within cells that neutralize the resulting effects by oxidative stress. The paper is a summary of the investigations carried out by three research groups. It was found that the components of both the fresh and the culinary processed cabbage did not only prevent other food components against unfavourable thermo-oxidative processes, but they also developed a number of activities allowing the human organism to neutralize reactive oxygen species, and, also, to overcome damaging effects resulting from the ROS activity