The relation between non-commutative and Finsler geometry in Horava-Lifshitz black holes

In this paper we employ the Horava-Lifshitz black holes solutions and obtain the corresponding Hamiltonian. It helps us to take new variables and it will be written by harmonic oscillator form. This leads us to apply non-commutative geometry to the new Hamiltonian and obtain the corresponding Lagrangian. And then, we take some information from Finsler geometry and write the Lagrangian of the different kinds of Horava-Lifshitz black holes. We show that the corresponding Lagrangian in non-commutative and Finsler geometry for above mentioned black holes completely coincidence together with some specification of parameters. But in case of rotation, the place of center of mass energy completely different, so the particle goes to inside of black hole rapidly without falling into singularity. So in that case, two Lagrangians cover each other at $0<r<r_h.$Comment: 15 page

The Lagrangian of charged test particle in Horava-Lifshitz black hole and deformed phase space

In this paper, we use deformation approach and obtain the corresponding Lagrangian of charged test particle. Also, we show the effect of NC parameters on the Lagrangian of test particle in HL background with charge and without charge. Also, we see in case of $\beta=\theta$ and without charge, the deformed and non-deformed Lagrangian will be same. Also in case of $\beta=\theta$ and with charge will be the same but the charge or field need some scaling. Finally, We show that two theories in case of $\beta\neq\theta$ with charge is completely different. It means that in case of NC geometry in addition to have time components of field we have $r$ and $x_{i}$ components.Comment: 9 page

Deformation of the quintom cosmological model and its consequences

In this paper, we investigate the effects of non-commutative phase-space on the quintom cosmological model. In that case, we discuss $\Lambda_{1}$, $\Lambda_{2}$ and other cosmological parameters and show that they are associated to deformation parameters $\theta$ and $\beta$. Generally one can say that, the non-commutative parameter plays important role in physics and here also help us to arrange the divergency of cosmological constant. We draw time-dependent scale factor and investigate the effect of non-commutative parameters. Finally, we take advantage from non-commutative phase-space and obtain the deformed Lagrangian for the quintom model. In order to discuss some cosmological phenomena as dark energy and inflation, we employ Neother symmetry.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figure. References added in the revised versio

Effects of various penetration enhancers on percutaneous absorption of piroxicam from emulgels

A suitable emulgel formulation of piroxicam was prepared and its percutaneous permeation was investigated using Wistar rat skin and diffusion cell technique. The concentrations of the drug in receptor phase of diffusion cells were measured using HPLC method. The effect of three types of penetration enhancers (Myrj 52, cineol and Transcutol P) with different concentrations on transdermal permeation of the drug was also evaluated. Flux, Kp and enhancement ratios (ERs) of piroxicam in the presence of enhancers was measured and compared with emulgel base alone and simple commercial gel. The results showed a significant enhancement in the flux from emulgel base compared to hydroalcoholic gel formulation (9.91 folds over simple gel). The highest enhancement ratio (ER=3.11) was observed for Myrj 52 at the concentration of 0.25%. Higher concentrations of Myrj 52did not show any enhancement in the drug flux due to micelle formation and solubilization of the drug by micelles. The increase in solubility, in turn, increases the saturated concentration and reduces the thermodynamic activity of the drug. Transcutol® P with concentrations higher than 0.25% w/w showed burst transportation of the drug through the skin. All concentrations of cineol and Transcutol did not show any enhancing effects over emulgel base alone (ER <1)

Effect of time lapse on the diagnostic accuracy of cone beam computed tomography for detection of vertical root fractures

Accurate and early diagnosis of vertical root fractures (VRFs) is imperative to prevent extensive bone loss and unnecessary endodontic and prosthodontic treatments. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of time lapse on the diagnostic accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for VRFs in endodontically treated dog’s teeth. Forty-eight incisors and premolars of three adult male dogs underwent root canal therapy. The teeth were assigned to two groups: VRFs were artificially induced in the first group (n=24) while the teeth in the second group remained intact (n=24). The CBCT scans were obtained by NewTom 3G unit immediately after inducing VRFs and after one, two, three, four, eight, 12 and 16 weeks. Three oral and maxillofacial radiologists blinded to the date of radiographs assessed the presence/absence of VRFs on CBCT scans. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy values were calculated and data were analyzed using SPSS v.16 software and ANOVA. The total accuracy of detection of VRFs immediately after surgery, one, two, three, four, eight, 12 and 16 weeks was 67.3%, 68.7%, 66.6%, 64.6%, 64.5%, 69.4%, 68.7%, 68% respectively. The effect of time lapse on detection of VRFs was not significant (p>0.05). Overall sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CBCT for detection of VRFs were 74.3%, 62.2%, 67.2% respectively. Cone beam computed tomography is a valuable tool for detection of VRFs. Time lapse (four months) had no effect on detection of VRFs on CBCT scans. © 2016, Associacao Brasileira de Divulgacao Cientifica. All rights reserved

Comparison of prevalence, mean intensity and abundance of metazoan parasites of Otolithes ruber (Osteichthyes: Sciaenidae) in Khozestan, Hormozgan and Sistan and Baluchestan Provinces

This study was carried out to comparison and survey on metazoan parasites of Otolithes ruber in coastal waters of Persian Gulf and Sea of Oman. Totally 318 fish specimens were seasonally caught by gill net, bottom trawl and hook in Khozestan, Hormozgan and Sistan and Baluchestan Provinces from summer 2013 to spring 2014. Specimens immediately were frozen and transferred to laboratory and after measuring fish weight and length, parasitological survey conducted on external and internal organs. Totally, 20 different parasites species were observed from O. ruber in mentioned areas that some of them occurred in all three regions and the others were only in one or two areas. The results of this study showed that monogeneans and digeneans had the highest occurrence in three regions while other groups were less abundant in each area. The results of statistical analyses showed significant differences among parasites abundance in different seasons. As well as a significant differences were found between male and female and parasites abundance of Digenea in Khozestan, Monogenea and Cestoda in Hormozgan and Nematoda in Sistan and Baluchesta Provinces. The prevalence of parasites depends on environmental conditions and presence of intermediate hosts that these factors are likely to be different in the three regions

Optimal Geo-Indistinguishable Mechanisms for Location Privacy

We consider the geo-indistinguishability approach to location privacy, and the trade-off with respect to utility. We show that, given a desired degree of geo-indistinguishability, it is possible to construct a mechanism that minimizes the service quality loss, using linear programming techniques. In addition we show that, under certain conditions, such mechanism also provides optimal privacy in the sense of Shokri et al. Furthermore, we propose a method to reduce the number of constraints of the linear program from cubic to quadratic, maintaining the privacy guarantees and without affecting significantly the utility of the generated mechanism. This reduces considerably the time required to solve the linear program, thus enlarging significantly the location sets for which the optimal mechanisms can be computed.Comment: 13 page

Optical Emission Spectroscopy and Electrical Study of High Power Thermal Arc Plasma Switching Device

In this work, an atmospheric thermal plasma arc generated from a laboratory scale high power arc switching device was investigated. In the presented study the typical voltage and current profiles from the arc switching device were measured by a high voltage probe and a Rogowski coil. It was shown that the volt-ampere characteristic of the arc plasma is directly related to the distance between electrodes. This switching device has a pulse width range of approximately 120 ns. Furthermore, the optical emis-sion spectroscopy techniques were used to measurement of the arc temperature and to identify the plasma active species. The calculated arc temperature is about 14000 K

Spatial variation of symbiotic dinoflagellates on coral reefs of the northern Persian Gulf

Density, mitotic index, Chlorophyll-a content and cell size of symbiotic dinoflagellates of dominant reef-building corals were measured at two different depths in Kish Island and from one depth of Larak Island in the Persian Gulf. The higher densities of symbionts were found in shallow waters of Kish Island. However, ANOVA analyses of the mitotic index yielded mixed results. The cell sizes of symbionts did not significantly differ among depths, except for Porites corals at one site in Kish Island which displayed the larger cells in deeper water. The comparison of symbiont attributes between islands exhibited intraspecific variability. Density of zooxanthellae was only different in Porites and Favia corals between islands. Chlorophyll-a density (cm-2) was significantly different between islands in all species, with higher values for Kish corals. Chlorophyll a cell-1 was only significantly different in Porites and Platygyra corals, with higher values for Larak Island. The symbiont cell sizes usually exhibited no variability, except for Porites corals with larger sizes in Kish Island