Chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air: seasonal variation, profiles, potential sources, and size distribution

Chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ClPAHs and BrPAHs, respectively) are a new derivative group of PAHs. These halogenated PAHs (Halo-PAHs) have been reported to be carcinogenic and are considered emerging persistent organic pollutants. Gaining a clear understanding of the distribution and behavior of these ubiquitous organic pollutants is essential for the control and mitigation of their emission into the environment. However, research into the characteristics of Halo-PAHs in the atmosphere has been somewhat limited. This review paper thus aims to provide an overview of the seasonal patterns, profiles, potential sources, and particle-size distributions of atmospheric ClPAHs and BrPAHs with 3-5 rings. Most previous studies have focused on particulate Halo-PAHs and reported that their levels are higher during the cold season than during the warm season, with this seasonal variation more apparent for ClPAHs than for BrPAHs. In terms of their phase distribution, ClPAHs and BrPAHs share a similar trend, with their gaseous concentrations highest in summer and lowest in winter and their particulate concentrations exhibiting the opposite trend. Halo-PAH profiles have been shown to differ between sampling locations, possibly reflecting differences in the potential sources present at these sites, e.g., coal burning, traffic emissions, and industrial activity. The majority of Halo-PAHs tend to accumulate as ultrafine particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 1.0 mu m. Overall, a detailed understanding of the characteristics of Halo-PAHs in the atmosphere has yet to be achieved; hence, further research on atmospheric Halo-PAHs is necessary

Negative pressure wound therapy with instillation: International consensus guidelines update.

The use of negative pressure wound therapy with instillation and dwell time (NPWTi-d) has gained wider adoption and interest due in part to the increasing complexity of wounds and patient conditions. Best practices for the use of NPWTi-d have shifted in recent years based on a growing body of evidence and expanded worldwide experience with the technology. To better guide the use of NPWTi-d with all dressing and setting configurations, as well as solutions, there is a need to publish updated international consensus guidelines, which were last produced over 6 years ago. An international, multidisciplinary expert panel of clinicians was convened on 22 to 23 February 2019, to assist in developing current recommendations for best practices of the use of NPWTi-d. Principal aims of the meeting were to update recommendations based on panel members\u27 experience and published results regarding topics such as appropriate application settings, topical wound solution selection, and wound and patient characteristics for the use of NPWTi-d with various dressing types. The final consensus recommendations were derived based on greater than 80% agreement among the panellists. The guidelines in this publication represent further refinement of the recommended parameters originally established for the use of NPWTi-d. The authors thank Karen Beach and Ricardo Martinez for their assistance with manuscript preparation

Spectroscopic Study of 41,45Sc Nuclei Through (d,n) Reactions on 40,44Ca at 25 MeV

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Study of the Proton Single-Particle Strengths in 19F and Proton Shell Closure of 18O through the 18O(d, n)19F Reaction

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Gamow-Teller Transition in the (p,n) Reaction on 42Ca and 44Ca

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Single-Proton Strengths in 19F Through the (d, n) Reaction at 25 MeV

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Performance Test of a BaF2 Detector System for High Energy γ-rays

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A Study of Single Proton States for the 21, 23Na Nuclei through (d,n) Reactions at 25 MeV

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