A comparative study on self esteem and adjustment among adolescent children of alcoholic and non alcoholic father in a selected community in Coimbatore.

A Comparative study on self esteem and adjustment among adolescent children of alcoholic and non alcoholic father in a selected community in coimbatore. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the present study are 1. To assess the self esteem and adjustment among adolescent children of alcoholic father 2. To assess the self esteem and adjustment among adolescent children of non alcoholic father. 3. To compare the self esteem and adjustment among adolescents children of alcoholic and non alcoholic father. HYPOTHESIS: There is a significant difference between self esteem and adjustment among adolescent children of alcoholic father and children of non alcoholic father. ASSUMPTIONS: There are many self esteem and adjustment problems among adolescent children. Undetected adjustment problems may lead to mental illness

Relationship of certain abiotic factors and the incidence of gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (HUBNER) in chickpea at Pantnagar

India is the largest producer and consumer of pulses accounting for almost 33% of world area. The chickpea marked a significant increase in area (9.96 million ha) for the year 2013-14 which is highest in last 10 years. Similarly, the chickpea production (9.92 million tonnes) also surpassed record with in the history of India since last 50 years (Anonymous, 2014). Helicoverpa armigera is a conundrum and one of the most dominant insect pests in agriculture, accounting for half of the total insecticides usage in India for protection of crops. The problem of this pest is magnified due to its direct attack on fruiting structures, voracious feeding habits, high mobility and fecundity, multivoltine nature, overlapping generations, nocturnal behaviour etc., (Sarode, 1999). At the same time adequate ecological data is prerequisite for integrated pest management, which can therefore be enhanced after determining the seasonal abundance (Mathur et al., 2003). There are many environmental factors which influence the insect pest populations (Lode and Sharma, 1993). Among them abiotic factors play a vital role in multiplication and distribution of insect pests. The knowledge on the seasonal incidence of gram pod borer will certainly found to be helpful in formulating the insect pest management strategies for Helicoverpa armigera at Pantnagar condition. Therefore, an attempt has been made to work out the effect of different abiotic factors on the seasonal incidence of pod borer, H. armigera in chickpea..

Advance towards Host Mediated RNA Interference Insect Pest Management

Gene suppression via RNA interference (RNAi) provides an alternative strategy for insect pest management. Insect pests cost billions of dollars in the form of crop losses and insecticides, and farmers face an ever-present threat of insecticide resistance, fueling a continual search for alternative pest-control strategies. Of late, novel insect pest management strategies like transgenic plants expressing insecticidal crystal protein genes from the soil bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are effective in managing the insect pests that belong to Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. But success of the above technology is threatened by accelerated development of resistance, which is also true with chemical insecticides. Therefore, there is a need for identifying some additional effective pest management strategies, which could also augment integrated pest management (IPM). In this scenario, RNA interference (RNAi) offers a great deal of hope in successful mitigation of various insect pests. This review will feature late endeavors to comprehend the boundaries to RNA conveyance in headstrong insect species, depict late advances in the commercial development of insect -protected crops and biological insecticides using RNAi, and talk about this methodology with regards to an integrated pest management approach

Relationship of abiotic factors and the copiousness of larval parasitoid, Campoletis chlorideae on pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera under sole and chickpea-coriander ecosystem at Pantnagar, Uttarakhand

The pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera is a conundrum pest of chickpea in Uttarakhand, India. One of the best ways to overcome the attack of this pest is to destroy its initial stage of the life cycle by larval endo parasitoid Campoletis chlorideae. The seasonal incidence and simple statistical tool were used for studying the relationship between percent parasitization and weather parameters in sole and chickpea‐coriander intercropping systems. The results revealed that in both cropping systems higher parasitism were recorded on 11th Standard Week (March) in both consecutive years. In sole crop, parasitism of 76.67% and 60.67%; and in intercropping system higher parasitism were recorded with 90%; 80% for respective years. A correlation with abiotic factors revealed a non-significant positive correlation with maximum temperature, evening relative humidity (RH), rain fall and sunshine hours. There was negative correlation observed with minimum temperature and morning RH in respective years under sole crop. In case of intercropping system, the result elucidated that a significant positive correlation was observed with evening RH and rainfall (r= 0.951*; r= 0.900* and r= 0.926*; r= 0.931*) in respective years under intercropping system

Screening for host plant resistance to Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in chickpea using novel techniques

Insights of antibiosis resistance in various chickpea cultivars against pod borer Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) under laboratory condtions. The present study was carried out in order to investigate the level of resistance against H. armigera on different cultivars by adopting detach leaf and pod assay. In leaf detach assay, pooled mean of 2012 and 2013, significantly lower and maximum weight gain and percent gain recorded was 101.9 mg (88.5%); 382.3mg (317.4%), respectively for ICCV 097105 and ICCV 07306. During podding stage, lowest pod damage (%) was recorded 55 % (ICCV 92944) and highest pod damage recorded by ICC 3137, LL 550 and ICCV07306 (95 %).Highest pupal weight of one day old pupae was recorded on LL 550 (405.2 mg) and lower pupal weight in ICCV 097105 (202.4 mg). The present result gave clue for future in depth studies on weeds for developing either specific pheromone compound or repellant compound for the ecofriendly management of H. armigera

Climate change impact on food security

To end of hunger and malnutrition and achieve food security and improve nutrition is at the heart of the sustainable development goals. At the same time, climate change is already impacting agriculture and food security, and will make the challenge of ending hunger and malnutrition even more difficult. The effects of climate change on our ecosystems are already severe and widespread, and ensuring food security in the face of climate change is the most daunting challenge facing humankind. While some of the problems associated with climate change are emerging gradually, action is urgently needed to build resilience in agricultural production systems. Despite tremendous progress in crop production, almost 800 million people are chronically undernourished, and 161 million under-five year olds are stunted (FAO, 2016).According to the United Nations (2015) report, there are still 836 million people in the world living in extreme poverty (less than USD1.25/day). At least 70% of the poor people live in rural areas, most of them depending partly or completely on agriculture for livelihood. It is estimated that 500 million smallholder farms in the developing world are supporting almost 2 billion people. In Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, these small farms produce about 80% of the food consumed (IFAD, 2011)..

Improving pod borer complex tolerance in cultivated pigeonpea(Cajanuscajan)by using wild Cajanusspecies

Pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hübner) is the single largest yield reducing factor in food legumes. Worldwide, pod borer causes an estimated loss of over $2 billion annually, despite over$1 billion value of insecticides used to control this devastating pest. In pigeonpea(Cajanuscajan(L.) Millsp.), an important food grain legume crop of the semi-arid tropics, Helicoverpa armigera causes maximum yield losses (25-70%) followed by pod fly, Melanagromyzaobtusa(10-50%), Marucavitrata(5-25%) and pod bug, Clavigrallagibbosa(10-30%). High levels of resistance to pod borer is not available in the cultivated genepool, which necessitates the exploitation of new anddiverse sources of variations

Field Efficacy of Jatropha Oil, NPV and NSKE against Helicoverpa armigera and Thysanoplusia orichalcea in Chickpea

The investigation was carried out to evaluate bioefficacy of biopesticides such as Jatropha oil, NSKE and NPV in various combinations along with control under chickpea-coriander intercropping ecosystem for three seasons against Helicoverpa armigera. The results revealed that the most effective treatment was T4 (chickpea; Jatropha treated) + coriander (NPV treated) followed by T9 (chickpea; Jatropha treated alone). The pooled mean of lowest damage for 3 years (2011, 2012, and 2013) was in chickpea (Jatropha treated) + coriander (NPV treated) treatments followed by chickpea (Jatropha treated) treatment alone. The mean grain yield of 1292 kg/ha was recorded for T4 treatment in chickpea (Jatropha at 5 mL/L) + coriander (NPV at 0.5 mL/L). The maximum coriander yield of 1008 kg/ha was obtained in T2 treatment, i.e., chickpea (NSKE treated) + coriander (untreated). The present results suggest that Jatropha curcas seed oil either alone or in combination with other biopesticides could be used as botanical insecticide against chickpea pests under any integrated pest management strategy for insect pest control

Risk assessment and preparedness: an encounter to agricultural transboundary pests and diseases

The transboundary crop pest and disease (P&D) outbreaks over large geographical regions jeopardizes the food security and have broad economic, social and environmental impacts. The climate change accelerated transboundary P&D are responsible for food chain catastrophes and upsurge of minor pest into major. Such accelerated events require more attention on a greater scale to strengthen food security and protect the livelihoods of poor and most vulnerable countries of the world. The ICRISAT, Center of Excellence on Climate Change Research for Plant Protection (CoE-CCRPP) is a joint initiative with Department of Science and Technology and ICRISAT to study impact of climate change on agriculture P&D in an inclusive manner with key audience (adaptation funding entities, planners, policymakers and practitioners) at national and regional level (NARS, ARIs and CGIAR). The CoE-CCRPP emphasis is on mapping the potential pest risk distribution and forecasting; short and medium term climate resilient pest management practices; as well as capacity building of various stakeholders on climate resilient agriculture. The ICRISAT center, further focus to determine and establish priority pest indicators ranking, risk assessment and distribution, socio-economics of P&D to assist in enhancement of pest policies, pre-emptive breeding, improved P&D monitoring and surveillance to strengthen global efforts to alleviate P&D complications on sustainable agriculture and food security