20 research outputs found
Gauss-Bonnet lagrangian G ln G and cosmological exact solutions
For the lagrangian L = G ln G where G is the Gauss-Bonnet curvature scalar we
deduce the field equation and solve it in closed form for 3-flat Friedman
models using a statefinder parametrization. Further we show, that among all
lagrangians F(G) this L is the only one not having the form G^r with a real
constant r but possessing a scale-invariant field equation. This turns out to
be one of its analogies to f(R)-theories in 2-dimensional space-time. In the
appendix, we systematically list several formulas for the decomposition of the
Riemann tensor in arbitrary dimensions n, which are applied in the main
deduction for n=4.Comment: 18 pages, amended version, accepted by Phys. Rev.
Scale of Emotional Development – Short: reliability and validity in adults with intellectual disability
Background
Intellectual disability (ID) is often associated with delays in emotional development (ED). The Scale of Emotional Development – Short (SED-S) was developed to assess the level of ED and to adapt treatment and care accordingly.
Methods
In a sample of 724 adults from five study sites in three countries, a confirmatory factor analysis with a one-factor model was conducted on the entire dataset as well as in different subgroups. Furthermore, internal consistency was investigated using Cronbach's alpha.
Results
The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a single-factor model fits the SED-S data well. The subgroup analyses revealed good model fit, regardless of the severity of ID and irrespective of sex or the presence of autism spectrum disorder or psychiatric disorders. Internal consistency was excellent for the entire sample (Cronbach's alpha = 0.93) and various subgroups (0.869–0.938).
Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that the SED-S is psychometrically sound and can be used to assess the level of ED in adults with ID