84 research outputs found

    Film Theory after Copjec

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    The importation of Lacanian psychoanalysis into film theory in the 1970s and 1980s ushered in a new era of cinema scholarship and criticism. Figures including Raymond Bellour, Laura Mulvey, and Christian Metz are often considered the pioneers of applying Lacanian psychoanalysis in the context of film theory, most notably through their writings in Screen Journal. However, where French and British scholarship on Lacan and film reached its limits, American Lacanianism flourished. When Joan Copjec’s now classic essay “The Orthopsychic Subject: Film Theory and the Reception of Lacan” was published in 1989, the trajectory of Lacanian film theory would become radically altered; as Todd McGowan recently put it, the “butchered operation” on Lacan committed by Mulvey and (quoting Copjec) the “Foucaultianization” of Lacan under the auspices of Screen Journal were finally indicted in one gesture through Copjec’s critique. Copjec and McGowan’s unique American view of Lacan marks a pivotal point in the convergence of psychoanalytic theory and cinema studies; by seeking to wrest Lacan from historist/deconstructionist theories of the subject, and by revisiting Lacan beyond the mirror stage, Copjec and McGowan can be said to have instantiated a resuscitation or even a renaissance of Lacanian theory in film studies in particular and in American scholarship more generally. In this essay, this renaissance of Lacanian theory is examined, focusing on the innovations these two American thinkers brought to psychoanalytic film theory and the multiple paths carved out into other disciplines that followed. First, a detailed summation of the contentions between screen theory and Copjec’s position is introduced, as well as McGowan’s assessment thereof. Then, the trajectory of psychoanalytic film theory after Copjec’s arrival is the focus, including the major innovations in her thought from cinematic subjectivity to sexual difference (most notably from Read My Desire) and the way her position spread to philosophy and ontology. Finally, the article identifies the limitations of Copjec’s and McGowan’s thought and seeks new possibilities through which we may continue to apply psychoanalysis to the cinema in the wake of these two important thinkers. L’importation de la psychanalyse lacanienne dans la thĂ©orie du film au cours des annĂ©es 1970 et 1980 a apportĂ© une nouvelle Ăšre de recherche et de critique cinĂ©matographiques. Des figures comme Raymond Bellour, Laura Mulvey et Christian Metz sont souvent considĂ©rĂ©es comme Ă©tant les pionniers dans l’application de la psychanalyse lacanienne au contexte de la thĂ©orie du film, surtout dans leurs Ă©crits pour le Screen Journal. Par contre, lĂ  oĂč les recherches françaises et britanniques sur Lacan et la cinĂ©matographie ont atteint leurs limites, le lacanisme amĂ©ricain a prospĂ©rĂ©. La publication en 1989 de « The Orthopsychic Subject: Film Theory and the Reception of Lacan », l’essai classique de Joan Copjec, a complĂštement changĂ© la trajectoire de la thĂ©orie lacanienne du film; comme Todd McGowan l’a rĂ©cemment exprimĂ©, « l’opĂ©ration massacrĂ©e » commise sur Lacan par Mulvey et (citant Copjec) la « Foucaultisation » de Lacan sous les auspices de Screen Journal avaient finalement Ă©tĂ© accusĂ©es d’un seul coup par la critique de Copjec. Le point de vue uniquement amĂ©ricain de Copjec et de McGowan sur Lacan marque un tournant dans la convergence de la thĂ©orie psychanalytique et des Ă©tudes cinĂ©matographiques. En cherchant Ă  arracher Lacan des thĂ©ories historicistes/dĂ©constructivistes du sujet, et en revisitant Lacan au-delĂ  du stade du miroir, Copjec et McGowan ont instanciĂ© une ressuscitation, voire une renaissance, de la thĂ©orie lacanienne dans les Ă©tudes cinĂ©matographiques en particulier et dans les Ă©tudes amĂ©ricaines en gĂ©nĂ©ral. Dans cet article, cette renaissance de la thĂ©orie lacanienne est examinĂ©e, mettant l’accent sur les innovations que ces deux penseurs amĂ©ricains ont apportĂ©es Ă  la thĂ©orie psychanalytique du film et les multiples chemins tracĂ©s dans d’autres disciplines subsĂ©quentes. PremiĂšrement, un rĂ©sumĂ© dĂ©taillĂ© des diffĂ©rends entre la thĂ©orie du film et la position de Copjec est prĂ©sentĂ©, ainsi que l’évaluation de McGowan Ă  ce sujet. Puis, la trajectoire de la thĂ©orie psychanalytique du film aprĂšs l’arrivĂ©e de Copjec est mise de l’avant, notamment les innovations importantes de sa pensĂ©e de la subjectivitĂ© Ă  la diffĂ©rence sexuelle (particuliĂšrement dans Read My Desire) et la maniĂšre dont sa position s’est propagĂ©e dans la philosophie et l’ontologie. Finalement, l’article identifie les limites de la pensĂ©e de Copjec et de McGowan et cherche de nouvelles possibilitĂ©s Ă  travers lesquelles nous pourrions continuer d’appliquer la psychanalyse au cinĂ©ma aprĂšs ces deux grands penseurs

    PragmĂĄticas Ă­ntimas: linguagem, subjetividade e gĂȘnero

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    The powers of emptiness

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    Foucault is often considered to be the commensurate theorist of power. His late work provides an impressive array of concepts that enables a multi-dimensional analysis of the historical, material, and discursive facets of power. What is missing from this approach, however, is the factor of passionate attachments, or what we might term the sublime motivations that underlie any regime of control. Lacan’s ethical thought prioritizes precisely the issue of the sublime, and, more to the point, the process of sublimation which establishes an effective “short-circuit” between socially valorized objects and direct drive satisfactions of individuals. Key here is the notion of das Ding, the place of the absent object of primordial satisfaction that generates libidinal enjoyment and draws the subject toward the pinnacle of social valorization. Lacan thus shows us what Foucault cannot theorize. That is to say, if sublimation consists of a relation to the real of das Ding, then it cannot be limited in the terms of its activation to the powers of discursive domain alone; it remains a self-initiating and self-regulating form of power

    Eli Zaretsky, Political Freud: A History

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    Beat the Devil

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