6 research outputs found
Time-space of the city. FAST: analysis and planning for sustainable development
Artykuł przedstawia badania związane z poszukiwaniem metody pozwalającej na oszacowanie
tempa rozwoju zabudowy rezydencjonalnej w oparciu o analizę struktury czynników
ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem uwarunkowań lokalnych. Próba badawcza skoncentrowana
jest na puli obszarów dedykowanych pod obiekty mieszkaniowe, z silnym
naciskiem na jednorodzinnej, objęte w okresie obserwacji planami miejscowymi. Odnosi
się to do diagnozy silnego wpływu aktów normatywnych i planowanych inwestycji, często
pomijanych w prognozach bazujących na ekstrapolacji.The paper focuses on the search for assessment method determining the pace of the
development of residential areas on multi-factor analysis acknowledging local conditions
of an area. The research examines areas assigned for the construction of residential
buildings, particularly single-family detached housing, and having master plan during the
period of their observation. It aims at diagnosing the strong influence of legal acts and
planned developments, which are often omitted in extrapolation-based forecasts
Massive Rotator Cuff Tears With Short Tendon Length Can Be Successfully Repaired Using Synthetic Patch Augmentation.
BACKGROUND
Choosing the optimal treatment for massive rotator cuff tears (MRCT) still poses a surgical problem. In MRCT with good muscle quality, but short tendon length, non-augmented repairs lead to high failure rates of up to 90%.
AIM
The aim of the study was to evaluate mid-term clinical and radiological outcomes of massive rotator cuff tears with good muscle quality, but short tendon length, which were repaired with synthetic patch augmentation.
METHODS
A retrospective study of patients who underwent arthroscopic or open rotator cuff repairs with patch augmentation between 2016 and 2019 was performed. We included patients older than 18 years, who presented with MRCT confirmed by an MRI arthrogram showing good muscle quality (Goutallier ≤II) and short tendon length (length <15mm). Constant-Murley score (CS), subjective shoulder value (SSV) and range of motion (ROM) were compared pre- and postoperatively. We excluded patients older than 75 years or with presence of rotator cuff arthropathy Hamada ≥ 2a. Patients were followed up for two years minimum. Clinical failures were defined by re-operation, forward flexion <120 or a relative CS < 70. Structural integrity of the repair was assessed using an MRI. Comparison between different variables and outcomes was performed using Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney and Chi square tests.
RESULTS
Fifteen patients (mean age 57 years, 13 (86.7%) male, 9 (60%) right shoulders) were reevaluated with a mean follow-up of 43.8 months (27-55 months). There was a significant improvement in the absolute CS (from 33 to 81 points, p=0.03), the relative CS (from 41% to 88%, p=0.04), the SSV (from 31% to 93% p=0,007) and forward flexion (from 111° to 163°, p=0.004) but not in external rotation (from 37° to 38°, p=0.5). There were three clinical failures (one atraumatic, two traumatic) with re-operations (two reverse total shoulder arthroplasties and one refixation). Structurally, there were three Sugaya grade 4 and five Sugaya grade 5 re-ruptures resulting in a retear rate of 53%. The presence of a complete or partial re-rupture was not associated with inferior outcomes compared to intact cuff repairs. There were no correlations between the grade of retraction, muscle quality or rotator cuff tear configuration and re-rupture or functional outcomes.
CONCLUSION
Patch augmented cuff repair leads to a significant improvement of functional and structural outcomes. Partial re-ruptures were not associated with inferior functional outcomes. Prospective randomized trials are needed to confirm the results found in our study
The stiffness of living tissues and its implications for tissue engineering
The past 20 years have witnessed ever- growing evidence that the mechanical
properties of biological tissues, from nanoscale to macroscale dimensions, are fundamental
for cellular behaviour and consequent tissue functionality. This knowledge, combined with
previously known biochemical cues, has greatly advanced the field of biomaterial development,
tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It is now established that approaches to engineer
biological tissues must integrate and approximate the mechanics, both static and dynamic,
of native tissues. Nevertheless, the literature on the mechanical properties of biological tissues
differs greatly in methodology, and the available data are widely dispersed. This Review gathers
together the most important data on the stiffness of living tissues and discusses the intricacies
of tissue stiffness from a materials perspective, highlighting the main challenges associated
with engineering lifelike tissues and proposing a unified view of this as yet unreported topic.
Emerging advances that might pave the way for the next decadeâ s take on bioengineered tissue
stiffness are also presented, and differences and similarities between tissues in health and disease
are discussed, along with various techniques for characterizing tissue stiffness at various
dimensions from individual cells to organs.The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from the European Research
Council, grant agreement ERC-2012-ADG 20120216-321266 (project ComplexiTE).
C.F.G. acknowledges scholarship grant no. PD/BD/135253/2017 from Fundação para a
Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT). The authors also thank the peer-reviewers for the
constructive comments and suggestions that helped to shape this manuscript