See Something, Do Something: Predicting Sexual Assault Bystander Intentions in the U.S. Military

Sexual assault is a pervasive problem in the U.S. military, especially against women. Bystander intervention is increasingly promoted as important for reducing sexual violence, and it may be particularly helpful in contexts with high rates of sexual violence. Bystander training encourages and enables people to intervene safely and stop sexual violence. In this study, we drew from an ecological model to investigate intrapersonal, microsystem, and exosystem factors that predicted Service members’ assumption of personal responsibility to intervene in an alcohol‐involved sexual assault. Moreover, we examined how these predictors played a role in decisions about how to intervene: confronting the perpetrator, assisting the victim, or finding someone to help. We analyzed data from 24,610 active duty personnel collected by the Department of Defense. Several factors significantly related to Service members’ bystander intentions: gender, rank, morale, attitudes about sexual assault, training, and trust in the military sexual assault system predicted the likelihood and method of bystander intervention. These findings help identify how and why people intervene (or fail to intervene) when they witness situations that could develop into sexual violence.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134152/1/ajcp12077_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134152/2/ajcp12077.pd

Plateau insulator transition in graphene

The quantum Hall effect in a single-layer graphene sample is studied in strong magnetic fields up to 28 T. Our measurements reveal the existence of a metal- insulator transition from filling factor $\nu=-2$ to $\nu=0$. The value of the universal scaling exponent is found to be $\kappa=0.57$ in graphene and therefore in a truly two-dimensional system. This value of $\kappa$ is in agreement with the accepted universal value for the plateau-insulator transitions in standard quasi two-dimensional electron and hole gases.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

La red internet y las autopistas de la información

El crecimiento exponencial de la red Internet, que en 1995 supera los cinco millones de ordenadores conectados, influirá en el futuro inmediato en el desarrollo tecnológico, económico y social de nuestro entorno. En el ámbito del empleo y la creación de riqueza, la automatización y el uso generalizado de las redes telemáticas plantean un cambio estructural en los sistemas económicos que se empieza a entrever, y que sin duda aumentará el desfase en el desarrollo entre sociedades que sean capaces de absorber e incorporar las nuevas tecnologías, y los que pierdan las oportunidades que actualmente se están presentando

Sexual Assault Training in the Military: Evaluating Efforts to End the “Invisible War”

Sexual assault is an insidious problem in the United States military. In 2005 the Department of Defense (DoD) created the Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office, which centralizes responsibility for sexual assault training. However, this training initiative has undergone little evaluation by outside researchers. Addressing this need, we analyzed responses from over 24,000 active duty personnel who completed the 2010 DoD Workplace and Gender Relations Survey. We assessed whether sexual assault training exposure (None, Minimal, Partial, or Comprehensive) predicted accurate knowledge of sexual assault resources and protocols. Using a social‐ecological framework, we investigated whether institutional and individual factors influenced Service members’ training exposure and judgment of training effectiveness. According to our results, exposure to comprehensive training predicted lower sexual assault incidence and superior knowledge. However, comprehensive training differed as a function of military branch, rank, gender, and sexual assault history. Judgments of training effectiveness also varied across these dimensions. Our results highlight the importance of considering context, gender, and victimization history when evaluating institutional efforts to end sexual violence. The DoD’s 2010 annual report on military sexual assault concluded that “most Active Duty members receive effective training on sexual assault” (p. 104). Our results cast doubt on that assertion.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/117230/1/ajcp9672.pd

Geomorfología litoral y significación de las variacones del nivel del mar

Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEpu

Accelerating the LSTRS Algorithm

In a recent paper [Rojas, Santos, Sorensen: ACM ToMS 34 (2008), Article 11] an efficient method for solvingthe Large-Scale Trust-Region Subproblem was suggested which is based on recasting it in terms of a parameter dependent eigenvalue problem and adjusting the parameter iteratively. The essential work at each iteration is the solution of an eigenvalue problem for the smallest eigenvalue of the Hessian matrix (or two smallest eigenvalues in the potential hard case) and associated eigenvector(s). Replacing the implicitly restarted Lanczos method in the original paper with the Nonlinear Arnoldi method makes it possible to recycle most of the work from previous iterations which can substantially accelerate LSTRS

Artificial neural networks for predicting real estate prices

Econometric models, in the estimation of real estate prices, are a useful and realistic approach for buyers and for local and fiscal authorities. From the classical hedonic models to more data driven procedures, based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), many papers have appeared in economic literature trying to compare the results attained with both approaches. We insist on the use of ANN, when there is enough statistical information, and will detail some comparisons to hedonic modeling, in a medium size city in the South of Spain, with an extensive set of data spanning over several years, collected before the actual downturn of the market. Exogenous variables include each dwelling's external and internal data (both numerical and qualitative), and data from the building in which it is located and its surroundings. Alternative models are estimated for several time intervals, and enabling the comparison of the effects of the rising prices during the bull market over the last decade

Análisis de secuencias de islas barrera pleistocenas en relación con variaciones del nivel del mar, laguna de La Mata (Alicante)

En la laguna de La Mata (Alicante) se estudia un complejo de cordones litorales pleistocenos que forman el cierre de la actual laguna. Se analizan las secuencias resultantes y los posibles indicadores de variaciones del nivel del mar. Asimismo se interpretan estos depósitos en base a una curva aparente de tendencias del nivel del mar, obtenida con la suma de las componentes eustáticas cíclicas y la componente relativa debida al factor tectónico aplicado. [ABSTRACT] A complex of Pleistocene coastal barriers is studied in La Mata lagoon (Alicante). The resuting sequences are analyzed in order to establish indicators 0f sea level changes. These deposits can be correlated with an apparent curve of sea level tendencies obtained with the sum of the cyclic eustatic component and the relative component due to the tectonic factor applied