954 research outputs found
Adverse Selection in an Insurance Market with Government-Guaranteed Subsistence Levels
We consider a competitive insurance market with adverse selection. Unlike the standard models, we assume that individuals receive the benefit of some type of potential government assistance that guarantees them a minimum level of wealth. For example, this assistance might be some type of government-sponsored relief program, or it might simply be some type of limited liability afforded via bankruptcy laws. Government assistance is calculated ex post of any insurance benefits. This alters the individuals’ demand for insurance coverage. In turn, this affects equilibria in various insurance models of markets with adverse selection.adverse selection, insurance, government relief
Rotating Black Hole Thermodynamics with a Particle Probe
The thermodynamics of Myers-Perry black holes in general dimensions are
studied using a particle probe. When undergoing particle absorption, the
changes of the entropy and irreducible mass are shown to be dependent on the
particle radial momentum. The black hole thermodynamic behaviors are dependent
on dimensionality for specific rotations. For a 4-dimensional Kerr black hole,
its black hole properties are maintained for any particle absorption.
5-dimensional black holes can avoid a naked ring singularity by absorbing a
particle in specific momenta ranges. Black holes over 6 dimensions become
ultra-spinning black holes through a specific form of particle absorption. The
microscopical changes are interpreted in limited cases of Myers-Perry black
holes using Kerr/CFT correspondence. We systematically describe the black hole
properties changed by particle absorption in all dimensions.Comment: 14 page
Proposal for reading out anyon qubits in non-abelian quantum Hall state
To detect non-abelian statistics in the quantum Hall state
through interferometry, we apply an analysis similar to the ones proposed for
the non-abelian quantum Hall state. The result is that the
amplitude of the Aharonov-Bohm oscillation of this interference is dependent on
the internal states of quasiholes, but, in contrast to the quantum
Hall state, independent of the number of quasiholes. However, if the quasiholes
are in a superposition state, it is necessary for the interferometer to have
certain additional features to obtain the coefficients.Comment: 16 pages, 2 figures, Latex. Reference added, some errors corrected,
some content changed, some changes in the abstrac
Structured Modeling with Hyperdag P Systems: Part A
P systems provide a computational model based on the structure and interaction
of living cells. A P system consists of a hierarchical nesting of cell-like
membranes, which can be visualized as a rooted tree.
Although the P systems are computationally complete, many real world models, e.g.,
from socio-economic systems, databases, operating systems, distributed systems, seem to
require more expressive power than provided by tree structures. Many such systems have a
primary tree-like structure completed with shared or secondary communication channels.
Modeling these as tree-based systems, while theoretically possible, is not very appealing,
because it typically needs artificial extensions that introduce additional complexities,
nonexistent in the originals.
In this paper we propose and define a new model that combines structure and flexibility,
called hyperdag P systems, in short, hP systems, which extend the definition of
conventional P systems, by allowing dags, interpreted as hypergraphs, instead of trees,
as models for the membrane structure.
We investigate the relation between our hP systems and neural P systems. Despite
using an apparently less powerful structure, i.e., a dag instead of a general graph, we
argue that hP systems have essentially the same computational power as tissue and neural
P systems. We argue that hP systems offer a structured approach to membrane-based
modeling that is often closer to the behavior and underlying structure of the modeled
objects.
Additionally, we enable dynamical changes of the rewriting modes (e.g., to alternate
between determinism and parallelism) and of the transfer modes (e.g., the switch between
unicast or broadcast). In contrast, classical P systems, both tree and graph based
P systems, seem to focus on a statical approach.
We support our view with a simple but realistic example, inspired from computer
networking, modeled as a hP system with a shared communication line (broadcast channel).
In Part B of this paper we will explore this model further and support it with a
more extensive set of examples
Mass inflation in f(R) gravity: A conjecture on the resolution of the mass inflation singularity
We study gravitational collapse of a charged black hole in f(R) gravity using
double-null formalism. We require cosmological stability to f(R) models; we
used the Starobinsky model and the R + (1/2)cR^2 model. Charged black holes in
f(R) gravity can have a new type of singularity due to higher curvature
corrections, the so-called f(R)-induced singularity, although it is highly
model-dependent. As the advanced time increases, the internal structure will
approach the Cauchy horizon, which may not be an inner apparent horizon. There
is mass inflation as one approaches the Cauchy horizon and hence the Cauchy
horizon may be a curvature singularity with nonzero area. However, the Ricci
scalar is finite for an out-going null observer. This can be integrated as
follows: Cosmologically stable higher curvature corrections of the Ricci scalar
made it bounded even in the presence of mass inflation. Finally, we conjecture
that if there is a general action including general higher curvature
corrections with cosmological stability, then the corrections can make all
curvature components finite even in the presence of mass inflation. This might
help us to resolve the problem of inner horizon instability of regular black
hole models.Comment: 31 pages, 15 figure
Holographic Meson Spectra in the Dense Medium with Chiral Condensate
We study two effects on the meson spectra by using the AdS/CFT
correspondence where the corrections from the chiral condensate and the
quark density are controlled by the gravitational backreaction of the massive
scalar field and U(1) gauge field respectively. The dual geometries with zero
and nonzero current quark masses are obtained numerically. We discuss meson
spectra and binding energy of heavy quarkonium with the subleading corrections
in the hard wall model.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figure
Observation of Scarred Modes in Asymmetrically Deformed Microcylinder Lasers
We report observation of lasing in the scarred modes in an asymmetrically
deformed microcavity made of liquid jet. The observed scarred modes correspond
to morphology-dependent resonance of radial mode order 3 with their Q values in
the range of 10^6. Emission directionality is also observed, corresponding to a
hexagonal unstable periodic orbit.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure
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