A Generic Communications Module for Cooperative 3D Visualization and Modelling over the Internet: the Collaborative API

Cooperative three-dimensional visualization and modeling applications allow a distributed group of users to work together with a model they share. To implement this kind of applications the underlying communications system must provide reliable and ordered multicast of users interactions. Due to the high complexity that characterizes the models, network bandwidth requirements have limited their use to intranets or in a few cases to very high-speed Internet connections. In this paper we present a communications module that solves this problem. The library exposed, which is called Collaborative API, supports the creation of very efficient cooperative 3D visualization and modeling applications by optimizing the use of the network resources. The Collaborative API, implements a new communications architecture: the dynamic client/server. The communications module presented in this paper is illustrated by two examples of applications that use it to provide cooperative 3D visualization over the Internet

Effects of chronic exposure to the new insecticide sulfoxaflor in combination with a SDHI fungicide in a solitary bee

The recent EU ban of the three most widely used neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and clothianidin) to all outdoors applications has stimulated the introduction of new insecticides into the market. Sulfoxaflor is a new systemic insecticide that, like neonicotinoids, acts as a modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. In agro-environments, bees can be exposed to this compound via contaminated pollen and nectar for long periods of time. Therefore, it is important to assess the potential effects of chronic exposure to sulfoxaflor, alone and in combination with fungicides, on pollinators. In this study, we tested the effects of chronic exposure to two field concentrations of sulfoxaflor (20 and 100 ppb) alone and in combination with four concentrations of the fungicide fluxapyroxad (7500, 15,000, 30,000 and 60,000 ppb) on syrup consumption and longevity in females of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis L. Exposure to 20 ppb of sulfoxaflor, alone and in combination with the fungicide, stimulated syrup consumption, but did not affect longevity. In contrast, syrup consumption decreased in bees exposed to 100 ppb, all of which died after 2–6 days of exposure. We found no evidence of synergism between the two compounds at any of the two sulfoxaflor concentrations tested. Comparison of our findings with the literature, confirms that O. bicornis is more sensitive to sulfoxaflor than honey bees. Our results highlight the need to include different bee species in risk assessment schemes

2 obras de Azpiazu y Lafita, en Madrid, España

<B>Block of flats</b> This building is devoted to residential flats, and has three and a half floor levels above the ground plus an attic, and a basement, garage and utility space below ground. The carefully tended garden, including a swimming pool, has been planned with elaborate simplicity: the best rooms of the building and the many balconies look out over this pleasant green space. This building is eminently functional and organic, and it has a formal elegance that is enhanced by the well chosen and valuable materials of which it is made. <b>Building of the offices of Laboratorios Liade, S. A. </b>This building has three floor levels and an attic, in addition to two basements. It is correctly designed for its function. It has a very diaphanous internal arrangement and is highly adaptable to the flexible needs, both present and future, for which it is built. It is expressed in careful and formal outlines by means of rich and durables materials of easy maintenance.<br><br><b>Edificio de viviendas</b> Está destinado a viviendas residenciales, disponiendo de tres plantas y media, más ático, utilizadas para este fin, y sótano para garaje, trastero e instalaciones. El cuidado jardín, con piscina, que rodea la edificación, ha sido tratado con depurada sencillez y al cual se abren las estancias más nobles de las viviendas y las pródigas terrazas. Caracterizan a la construcción su funcionalismo orgánico, la elegancia formal del bloque y los selectos y valiosos materiales utilizados en su construcción. <b>Edificio de oficinas de los Laboratorios Liade, S.A.</b> Este edificio organizado en tres plantas elevadas y ático, además de sótano y semisótano, presenta características idóneas a la función a que se destina, con distribución muy diáfana y adaptable a las necesidades flexibles del momento o futuras, cuidadas y puras líneas formales y materiales ricos y perdurables de fácil entretenimiento

Positional trueness of three removable die designs with different root geometries manufactured using stereolithographic 3D printing.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Three-dimensional (3D) printed casts are a suitable alternative to dental stone casts. Contemporary dental design computer programs permit designing definitive casts with removable dies with different root geometries and retention mechanisms. Studies on the positional trueness of 3D-printed removable dies with different root geometries are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the 3D displacements of three 3D-printed removable die designs with different root geometries. MATERIAL AND METHODS The digital file of a dental stone alveolar cast with root-form removable dies (MOD UJ IV Fixed Prosthetics; Ivoclar AG) was used as a reference to create 3 removable die and alveolar cast designs (Root Form, RF; Conical, CON; Cylindric, CYL) with different root geometries in 2 dental design computer programs (DentalCAD 3.1 Rijeka; exocad; GmbH; InLab CAD 22.0; Dentsply Sirona). 3 equidistant Ø1-mm spheres (C, Cervical; M, Middle; O, Occlusal) were designed on the buccal surface of the coronal portion of the removable die to evaluate their displacement. A total of 45 alveolar casts with 45 removable dies were fabricated using a stereolithographic 3D printer (Form 3; Formlabs); each die group consisted of 15 specimens. After fabrication and postprocessing, the specimens were scanned, and their digital files were analyzed in a metrology-grade computer program to evaluate the displacement of the removable dies with respect to the position of the die in the master reference file. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using a 3-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by step-down Bonferroni-corrected pairwise comparisons (α=.05). RESULTS Two statistically significant 2-way interactions were detected between the independent variables, die design and direction (P<.001), and location and direction (P<.001). The post hoc analysis identified significant differences between the displacement values of RF and CYL (P<.001) and RF and the CON (P<.001) designs on the Y axis. The measured displacements were statistically different between the C and O locations on the Y axis (P=.001) and the M and O locations on the Z axis (P=.006). CONCLUSIONS The root geometry of a 3D-printed removable die and alveolar cast can affect seating, and variable degrees of tipping of the removable die can be seen. The seating and congruence of the removable die with the interocclusal space and relationships observed intraorally should be confirmed before adjusting indirect restorations

Ukola Club. Bar americano

En la calle de Serrano, aprovechando un semisótano dedicado a otro negocio anteriormente, se ha instalado un bar americano, de cuyo interior ofrecemos algunos pormenores. Se han cuidado, especialmente, las condiciones acústicas, resueltas por medio de un techo de escayola perforada, con vitrofib en su parte superior, y paredes de madera, que contribuyen a darle un ambiente cálido y acogedor. El soporte de hierro laminado existente en el centro del local, cuya supresión hubiera sido costosa, se ha revestido con lajas de mármol que le convierten en un elemento decorativo

Bees exposed to climate change are more sensitive to pesticides

Bee populations are exposed to multiple stressors, including land-use change, biological invasions, climate change, and pesticide exposure, that may interact synergistically. We analyze the combined effects of climate warming and sublethal insecticide exposure in the solitary bee Osmia cornuta. Previous Osmia studies show that warm wintering temperatures cause body weight loss, lipid consumption, and fat body depletion. Because the fat body plays a key role in xenobiotic detoxification, we expected that bees exposed to climate warming scenarios would be more sensitive to pesticides. We exposed O. cornuta females to three wintering treatments: current scenario (2007–2012 temperatures), near-future (2021–2050 projected temperatures), and distant-future (2051–2080). Upon emergence in spring, bees were orally exposed to three sublethal doses of an insecticide (Closer, a.i. sulfoxaflor; 0, 4.55 and 11.64 ng a.i./bee). We measured the combined effects of wintering and insecticide exposure on phototactic response, syrup consumption, and longevity. Wintering treatment by itself did not affect winter mortality, but body weight loss increased with increasing wintering temperatures. Similarly, wintering treatment by itself hardly influenced phototactic response or syrup consumption. However, bees wintered at the warmest temperatures had shorter longevity, a strong fecundity predictor in Osmia. Insecticide exposure, especially at the high dose, impaired the ability of bees to respond to light, and resulted in reduced syrup consumption and longevity. The combination of the warmest winter and the high insecticide dose resulted in a 70% longevity decrease. Smaller bees, resulting from smaller pollen–nectar provisions, had shorter longevity suggesting nutritional stress may further compromise fecundity in O. cornuta. Our results show a synergistic interaction between two major drivers of bee declines, and indicate that bees will become more sensitive to pesticides under the current global warming scenario. Our findings have important implications for pesticide regulation and underscore the need to consider multiple stressors to understand bee declines

GAP WORK project report: training for youth practitioners on tackling gender-related violence

This project sought to challenge gender-related violence against (and by) children and young people by developing training for practitioners who have everyday contact with general populations of children and young people (‘youth practitioners’). Through improved knowledge and understanding practitioners can better identify and challenge sexist, sexualising, homophobic or controlling language and behaviour, and know when and how to refer children and young people to the most appropriate support services. This summary outlines the Project and our initial findings about the success of the four training programmes developed and piloted.Co-funded by the DAPHNE III programme of the EU

Full-Mouth Rehabilitation of a Patient with Sjogren's Syndrome with Maxillary Titanium-Zirconia and Mandibular Monolithic Zirconia Implant Prostheses Fabricated with CAD/CAM Technology: A Clinical Report.

Dental implants have become a well-established treatment modality for the management of complete and partial edentulism. Recent advancements in dental implant systems and CAD/CAM technologies have revolutionized prosthodontic practice by allowing for the predictable, efficient, and faster management of complex dental scenarios. This clinical report describes the interdisciplinary management of a patient with Sjogren's syndrome and terminal dentition. The patient was rehabilitated using dental implants and zirconia-based prostheses in the maxillary and mandibular arches. These prostheses were fabricated using a combination of CAD/CAM and analog techniques. The successful outcomes for the patient demonstrate the importance of appropriate use of biomaterials and the implementation of interdisciplinary collaboration in treating complex dental cases

Treatment of congenital atypical haemangiosarcoma in a foal

Haemangiosarcoma is a rare vascular tumour in horses, usually originating from blood vessel endothelial cells. We present the case of an 8-day-old foal, referred for an atypical large subcutaneous mass on the left side since birth. Ultrasonographically, it showed multiple cavities with hypoechoic content, marked vascularisation and fluid movement between cavities. As the nature of the mass suggested that surgery could result in profuse bleeding, we decided to perform an initial arteriography to identify the pattern and calibre of the main vessels and embolisation of this vascular supply, which allowed surgical removal with less bleeding than expected. This approach, with pre-surgical transarterial embolisation of the tumour, is not commonly used in equine surgery. Histology established a diagnosis of cutaneous haemangiosarcoma. During 1-year post-surgery, clinical and ultrasound examinations were carried out without any signs of recurrence or metastasis. One year later, the foal was euthanised due to a limb fracture. No macroscopic signs of metastasis were observed at necropsy. Histology showed no signs of recurrence. Cutaneous haemangiosarcomas, though rare, should be included in the differential of masses and growths with compatible ultrasound or cytological findings. Transcatheter arterial embolisation of highly vascularised neoplasms can reduce bleeding and facilitate subsequent surgical resection

Factores con mayor influencia sobre la elección de alimentos en la población española

Fundamentos: Encuesta poblacional dirigida a conocer los factores que influyen en la elección de los alimentos de la población española. Métodos: Análisis de una muestra de todo el territorio español compuesta por 1009 individuos y seleccionada por un procedimiento aleatorio multietápico. Este estudio corresponde a la participación española en un estudio europeo sobre las actitudes de la población frente a la alimentación, nutrición y salud dirigido por el Instituto Europeo de Estudios Nutricionales de Dublín. Se determinó el porcentaje de individuos que situó a alguno de los cinco factores mencionados con más frecuencia (calidad, precio, dieta sana, condicionantes españoles, sabor) entre las tres primeras influencias en la elección de alimentos. Se ajustó un modelo multivariante para identificar los factores asociados a la elección de una dieta sana como una de las tres primeras influencias en la alimentación.Resultados: El precio influía más en los individuos de mayor edad, en niveles socioeconómicos más bajos y en individuos con menor nivel educativo. Fue mayor el impacto del precio en las mujeres de la zona Norte, Noreste y Noroeste. El sexo, la distribución geográfica, la edad y el nivel educativo presentaron un efecto independiente y significativo sobre la importancia concedida por la población a la elección de una dieta sana. Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren la necesidad de una mayor educación sobre dieta y salud especialmente en hombre jóvenes, personas con menor nivel educativo y mujeres del Noroeste del país