Genetic Structure in the Northern Range Margins of Common Ash, <i>Fraxinus excelsior</i> L. - Fig 4

<p><b>Linear regression between allelic richness and latitude for common ash (<i>Fraxinus excelsior</i>) populations a) across Europe overall, b) across northern and eastern European populations putatively constituting colonization from south-eastern Europe northwards (TESS group 2) and c) across Norwegian populations.</b> Allelic richness is calculated based on a random set of 13 diploid individuals per population.</p

Distribution of chloroplast haplotypes in 42 common ash (<i>Fraxinus excelsior</i>) population samples.

<p>Coding of the haplotypes follows Heuertz <i>et al</i>. [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0167104#pone.0167104.ref041" target="_blank">41</a>] and Sutherland <i>et al</i>. [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0167104#pone.0167104.ref033" target="_blank">33</a>], except for the novel haplotypes H17, H18 and H19. The definitions of the haplotypes are given in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0167104#pone.0167104.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>. The shaded gray areas represent the natural distribution range of common ash [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0167104#pone.0167104.ref029" target="_blank">29</a>].</p

Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r) between allelic richness (<i>A</i>r), gene diversity (<i>H</i>_E), inbreeding coefficient calculated with INEST (<i>F</i>_ISINEST), latitude and longitude calculated for populations within: (i) Europe overall, (ii) TESS group 2 (constituting populations from northern and eastern Europe, see S1 Table), and (iii) Norway.

<p>Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r) between allelic richness (<i>A</i>r), gene diversity (<i>H</i>_E), inbreeding coefficient calculated with INEST (<i>F</i>_ISINEST), latitude and longitude calculated for populations within: (i) Europe overall, (ii) TESS group 2 (constituting populations from northern and eastern Europe, see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0167104#pone.0167104.s001" target="_blank">S1 Table</a>), and (iii) Norway.</p

Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) plot of the first and the second principal coordinates based on the genetic composition at six nuclear microsatellites of 42 population samples of common ash (<i>Fraxinus excelsior</i>).

<p>For population names see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0167104#pone.0167104.s001" target="_blank">S1 Table</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0167104#pone.0167104.s006" target="_blank">S1 Fig</a>. Each population is given the color of the STRUCTURE group (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0167104#pone.0167104.g002" target="_blank">Fig 2C</a>) in which it had the highest proportion of membership (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0167104#pone.0167104.s001" target="_blank">S1 Table</a>).</p

Basic characteristics of the six nuclear microsatellite loci in <i>Fraxinus excelsior</i> used in this study.

<p><i>A</i>r, allelic richness, calculated based on 13 diploid individuals; <i>H</i>_O, observed heterozygosity; <i>H</i>_E, expected heterozygosity; <i>F</i>_IS, inbreeding coefficient (the coefficients denoted with asterisk (*) are significantly greater than zero); <i>F</i>_ST, coefficient of genetic differentiation among populations [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0167104#pone.0167104.ref063" target="_blank">63</a>]; and <i>F</i>_STENA, coefficient of genetic differentiation calculated using ENA correction [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0167104#pone.0167104.ref056" target="_blank">56</a>].</p

Tsuda_Picea_sampleInfo_2016

Tsuda_Picea_sampleInfo_201

SSR genotypes of Picea abies and P. obovata

Tsuda_Pabies_obovata.txt: The input file of STRUCTURE analysis based on 10loci of 1599 individuals. Missing data is coded as -9. Tsuda_Pabies_obovata_sampleInfo.xlsx: This file includes a list of population code, group, longitude (E) and latitude (N) which are corresponding to "Tsuda_Pabies_obovata.txt"

Sheep diet data

Fasta file containing the sequence dat

Reference database EMBL (ITSCyp)

Fasta file of the EMBL reference database (ITSCyp

Reference database Arctic (gh)

Fasta file of the Arctic reference database (P6 loop of the trnL