Unemployment Duration and Attitudes Towards Work among People Over 45 Years Old

The situation of global economic crisis and the rapid increase of the unemployment rate cause changes in people's attitudes about the labor market. These changes, sometimes, are motivated by the influence of certain individual variables such as the duration of unemployment. The objective of this research is to analyze the mediator influence of unemployment duration in the attitudes towards work among unemployed people over 45 years old. The people who participate in the research are 161 unemployed that agreed voluntarily in taking part in the interview of attitudes towards work. The data took out from the interviews were analyzed with the statistical software ATLAS.ti 6.2. The results demonstrate that unemployment duration plays an important mediator role in the attitudes towards work when conditioning the job search behavior and favor the chances of finding a job. The conclusion is about practical suggestions and the continuity of research in this area

Competencias de prevención y control de infecciones y bioseguridad en los programas de instrumentación quirúrgica en Colombia

Resumen: Introducción: la Agenda Global de Seguridad Sanitaria indicó la necesidad de asegurar la capacitación de los trabajadores de la salud en el control y prevención de infecciones. Materiales y métodos: se propuso un estudio de tipo ecológico. Se compararon los programas de instrumentación quirúrgica en Colombia, de manera agregada, y se contrastaron con las competencias transversales y específicas del instrumentador quirúrgico y las competencias propuestas para prevención y control de infecciones y bioseguridad por los organismos internacionales. Resultados: se observó que las competencias de prevención y control de infecciones y bioseguridad se incluyen en las competencias específicas de los planes de estudios de los 13 programas de instrumentación quirúrgica en el país. Estas se abordan con mayor dedicación en horas en las asignaturas teórico-prácticas en los primeros semestres, en tanto que en las competencias transversales se ubican asignaturas prácticas a lo largo de la malla curricular con mayor intensidad en los últimos semestres. Conclusión: para las profesiones de la salud, el programa de instrumentación quirúrgica desarrolla competencias específicas y transversales afines con competencias en prevención y control de infecciones y bioseguridad. Esto permite considerar los planes de estudios de instrumentación quirúrgica como línea de base para cimentar la oferta académica para las profesiones de las ciencias de la salud, en pre y postgrado. Abstract: Introduction: The Global Health Security Agenda have indicated the need to ensure the training of health care workers in infection control and prevention. Materials and methods: An ecological study was proposed. An aggregate comparison of surgical instrumentation programmes in Colombia was made and contrasted with the cross-cutting and specific competencies of the surgical technician and the infection prevention and control, and biosafety competencies proposed by international organisations. Results: It was observed that infection prevention and control and biosafety competences are included in the specific competencies of the curricula of the country’s 13 surgical instrumentation programmes. More hours are addressed to these competencies in theoretical-practical subjects in the first semesters, whereas cross-cutting competencies were found in practical subjects across the curriculum with greater intensity in the last semesters. Conclusion: For the health professions, the surgical instrumentation programme develops specific and cross-cutting competencies related to infection prevention and control, and biosafety. This means surgical instrumentation curricula can be considered a baseline for cementing the academic offer for health sciences professions at undergraduate and postgraduate levels