Families of Q-balls in a deformed O(4)O(4) linear sigma model

In this paper the existence of analytical solutions describing $Q$-balls in a family of deformed $O(4)$ sigma models in (1+1) dimensions has been investigated. These models involve two complex scalar fields whose coupling breaks the $O(4)$ symmetry group to $U(1)\times U(1)$. It has been shown that there are two types of single $Q$-balls rotating around each of the components of the internal space and a one-parameter family of composite $Q$-balls. These composite solutions consist of two single $Q$-balls (separated by a distance determined by the family parameter) spinning around each complex field with the same internal rotation frequency.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figure

Nuevas tecnologías en Medicina

Varios sectores de la sociedad, y de forma especial la medicina, están en un momento de cambio que, apoyado en un gran desarrollo tecnológico, va a revolucionar nuestra forma de entender la gestión, investigación y asistencia clínica. Actualmente la medicina se basa en estudios, frecuentemente con pobre validez externa, cuyos resultados se trasladana un paciente concreto a pesar de estar basados en simples medias estadísticas. El avance hacia una medicina personalizada solo será posible con nuevos enfoques en los que el Big Data y la inteligencia artificial van a ser de gran ayuda a la hora de trasladar la mejor investigación clínica a nuestro paciente, sin olvidar todo lo que estas herramientas pueden aportar en la investigación básica. A nivel de gestión, el modelo asistencial presencial deberá complementarse con otras formas de trabajo mucho más eficientes que ayuden a consolidar la sostenibilidad del sistema sanitario actual. En este entorno, el desarrollo tecnológico proporcionará las herramientas necesarias para implementar estos cambios. El Big Data como fuente de información, la inteligencia artificial con todas las variantes, que incluyen desde el procesamiento de lenguaje natural hasta el desarrollo de técnicas de imagen, y el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías en múltiples áreas, van a ser herramientas habituales para el médico, muy posiblemente antes de que finalice esta década. Aunque en esta revisión nos hemos focalizado en patologías respiratorias este planteamiento es plenamente extrapolable a cualquier otra área de la medicina.Several sectors of society, and especially medicine, are at a time of change that, supported by great technological development, is going to revolutionize our way of understanding management, research, and clinical care. Currently medicine is based on studies, often with poor external validity, whose results are transferred to a specific patient despite being based on simple statistical means. Progress towards personalized medicine will only be possible with new approaches in which Big Data and artificial intelligence will be of great help in transferring the best clinical research to our patients, without forgetting everything that these tools can contribute to basic research. In clinical practice, the face-to-face care model must be complemented with other much more efficient forms of work that help to consolidate the sustainability of the current health system. In this environment, technological development will provide the necessary toolsto implement these changes. Big Data as a source of information, artificial intelligence with all its variants ranging from natural language processing to the development of image techniques, and the development of new technologies in multiple areas are going to be common tools for the doctor, possibly before the end of this decade. Although in this review we have focused on respiratory pathologies, this approach can be fully extrapolated to any other area of medicin

Guía de buenas prácticas para la gestión de escapes en acuicultura marina. Vol. I. Prevención

Los escapes en acuicultura son un problema que pueden evitarse con la formación del personal que trabaja en las instalaciones en mar abierto. Este libro proporciona los puntos más importantes que tener en cuenta para prevenir los escapes en acuicultura.Cofinanciado por el Fondo Europeo de Pesca y la Fundación Biodiversidad, del Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente

Systemic Corticosteroids in Patients with Bronchial Asthma: A Real-Life Study

25 p.Objectives: The objective of the present study was to determine the use of systemic corti-costeroids (SCs) in patients with bronchial asthma using big data analysis. Methods: We performed an observational, retrospective, noninterventional study based on secondary data captured from free text in the electronic health records. This study was per-formed based on data from the regional health service of Castille-La Mancha (SESCAM), Spain. We performed the analysis using big data and artificial intelligence via Savana® Manager version 3.0. Results: During the study period, 103 667 patients were diagnosed with and treated for asthma at different care levels. The search was restricted to patients aged 10 to 90 years (mean age, 43.5 [95%CI, 43.4-43.7] years). Of these, 59.8% were women. SCs were taken for treatment of asthma by 58 745 patients at some point during the study period. These patients were older, with a higher prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, ob-esity, depression, and hiatus hernia. SCs are used frequently in the general population with asthma (31.4% in 2015 and 39.6% in 2019). SCs were prescribed mainly in primary care (59%), allergy (13%) and pulmonology (20%). The frequency of prescription of SCs had a direct impact on the main associated adverse effects. Conclusion: In clinical practice, SCs are frequently prescribed to patients with asthma, especially in primary care. Use of SCs is associated with a greater number of adverse events. It is necessary to implement measures to reduce prescription of SCs to patients with asthma, especially in primary care

Telemedicine Strategy for CPAP Titration and Early Follow-up for Sleep Apnea During COVID-19 and Post-Pandemic Future.

WiththeacutefirstwaveoftheCOVID-19pandemicover,1thelongwaitinglistforsleeptestsforOSAmanagementhasbeenfurtherincreased.2,3ThenewpreventivehealthmeasuresagainstCovid-19implythatpatientsgotothehealthcentersaslittleaspossible,whichiswhyitisnecessarytoimplementandstartupatelematicworkflowwithhomestudiestoguaranteesleeptests,4especiallyCPAPtitration.5-8WeaimedtotestanewtelematicworkflowtodeliverCPAPtherapytoOSApatientsandtoevaluateitintermsofCPAPcompliance,costs,residualevents,symptomsandsatisfactionofpatients.Theusualtitrationstrategyhasthefollo-wingsteps.Thepatientisscheduledtothedaytime-hospitalforinformation,andeducationalandpracticaltrainingsessionwiththedevice(45min).Then,ourCPAPequipmentisdeliveredtohim/herforhometitration(tobereturnedthenextday),thedataisdownloaded,andafixedpressureisprescribed.Iftheregistra-tionisincorrect,thetitrationisrepeatedanotherday.Finally,thepatientisscheduledbytheservicecompanyprovidingCPAPequip-mentthatinformsagainhowtheequipmentworks,selectsafinalmaskfortreatment,andgiveashortpracticalsessionoftheCPAPuse

Incidence of new HIV diagnoses in Spain, 2004-2009.

[ES] Objetivo Describir la incidencia de nuevos diagnósticos de infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y su tendencia. Métodos Se incluyeron los nuevos diagnósticos de VIH notificados en 2009 en las 15 comunidades autónomas con sistemas de información (64% de la población española). Para analizar las tendencias durante 2004-2009 se incluyeron las nueve comunidades con datos en ese periodo. Se obtuvo información clínico-epidemiológica de las hojas de notificación de casos y se realizaron distribuciones de nuevos diagnósticos y diagnóstico tardío según distintas variables. Para evaluar las tendencias se ajustó un modelo de Poisson. Resultados En 2009 se notificaron 2.264 nuevos diagnósticos de VIH, la mayoría en hombres (80%). La mediana de edad al diagnóstico fue de 36 años (rango intercuartílico 29-43) y el 37,6% de los casos eran inmigrantes, destacando los latinoamericanos y los subsaharianos. La categoría de transmisión más común (42,5%) fue la de hombres que tienen sexo con hombres, seguida de la heterosexual (34,5%) y la parenteral (8,1%). Al diagnóstico, la mediana de CD4/μl era de 347 (rango intercuartílico: 152-555) y un 50,2% tenían <350. La tasa media de incidencia de nuevos diagnósticos entre 2004 y 2009 fue de 91,14 por millón de habitantes; se observó una tendencia creciente de las tasas entre los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres, y decreciente de la transmisión parenteral. Conclusiones La epidemiología del VIH en España ha cambiado mucho respecto a los años 1990. Actualmente predomina la transmisión sexual, sobre todo entre los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres, y los inmigrantes son parte importante de la epidemia. En 2004-2009, la tendencia es heterogénea en las tres categorías de transmisión más relevantes. [EN] To describe the incidence of new HIV diagnoses and its trend in Spain. All new HIV diagnoses notified to the case-registries of 15 autonomous regions (64% of the total Spanish population) in 2009 were analyzed. To evaluate trends from 2004 to 2009, data from only nine regions were available. Clinical-epidemiological data were obtained from the notification forms. Distributions of new HIV diagnoses and late diagnoses according to several variables were performed. The Poisson distribution was used to evaluate trends. In 2009, 2264 new HIV diagnoses were notified, mostly in men (80%). The median age at diagnosis was 36 years (interquartile range 29-43) and 37.6% of affected individuals were immigrants, mostly from Latin-America and sub-Saharan Africa. The most common transmission category (42.5%) was men who have sex with men (MSM) followed by the heterosexual and parenteral modes of transmission (34.5% and 8.1%, respectively). The median CD4 count at diagnosis was 347 (interquartile range: 152-555), and CD4 count was <350 in 50.2% of patients. From 2004 to 2009, the mean incidence rate of new HIV diagnoses was 91.14 per million inhabitants; an increasing trend for rates in MSM, as well as a decreasing trend for the parenteral mode of transmission, were observed. In Spain, the epidemiology of HIV infection has changed since the mid-1990s. Currently, the most frequent transmission category is sexual transmission, particularly among MSM, and immigrants are an important part of the epidemic. Heterogeneous trends for the three main transmission categories were observed from 2004 to 2009.S

Impacts of agricultural irrigation on groundwater salinity

Agricultural irrigation represents the main use of global water resources. Irrigation has an impact on the environment, and scientific evidence suggests that it inevitably leads to salinization of both soil and aquifers. The effects are most pronounced under arid and semi-arid conditions. In considering the varied impacts of irrigation practices on groundwater quality, these can be classed as either direct—the direct result of applying water and accompanying agrochemicals to cropland—or indirect—the effects of irrigation abstractions on groundwater hydrogeochemistry. This paper summarizes and illustrates through paradigmatic case studies the main impacts of irrigation practices on groundwater salinity. Typically, a diverse range of groundwater salinization processes operating concomitantly at different time scales (from days to hundreds of years) is involved in agricultural irrigation. Case studies suggest that the existing paradigm for irrigated agriculture of focusing mainly on crop production increases has contributed to widespread salinization of groundwater resources.This study was supported by CEIMAR “Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar” and the projects CADESEM (Grant Number P11-RNM-8115), Junta de Andalucia Regional Government, Spain, and KARSTCLIMA (Grant Number CGL2015-71510-R) and ACUIDESAL (Grant Number CGL2015-67273-R), Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology—FEDER

El Confort se puede predecir, IA y 3D Térmico ponen color al calor

Latorre Sanchez, C.; Signes Pérez, E.; Laparra Hernandez, J.; Conde Sanchez, A.; Izquierdo-Riera, MD.; Gonzalez Garcia, JC.; Solaz Sanahuja, JS. (2019). El Confort se puede predecir, IA y 3D Térmico ponen color al calor. Innovación biomecánica en Europa. (8):1-3. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/167983S13

Evaluating radiological response in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours treated with sunitinib : comparison of Choi versus RECIST criteria (CRIPNET_ GETNE1504 study)

The purpose of our study was to analyse the usefulness of Choi criteria versus RECIST in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PanNETs) treated with sunitinib. A multicentre, prospective study was conducted in 10 Spanish centres. Computed tomographies, at least every 6 months, were centrally evaluated until tumour progression. One hundred and seven patients were included. Median progression-free survival (PFS) by RECIST and Choi were 11.42 (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.7-15.9) and 15.8 months (95% CI, 13.9-25.7). PFS by Choi (Kendall's τ = 0.72) exhibited greater correlation with overall survival (OS) than PFS by RECIST (Kendall's τ = 0.43). RECIST incorrectly estimated prognosis in 49.6%. Partial response rate increased from 12.8% to 47.4% with Choi criteria. Twenty-four percent of patients with progressive disease according to Choi had stable disease as per RECIST, overestimating treatment effect. Choi criteria predicted PFS/OS. Changes in attenuation occurred early and accounted for 21% of the variations in tumour volume. Attenuation and tumour growth rate (TGR) were associated with improved survival. Choi criteria were able to capture sunitinib's activity in a clinically significant manner better than RECIST; their implementation in standard clinical practice shall be strongly considered in PanNET patients treated with this drug

Clinical, biological, and prognostic implications of SF3B1 co-occurrence mutations in very low/low- and intermediate-risk MDS patients

SF3B1 is a highly mutated gene in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients, related to a specific subtype and parameters of good prognosis in MDS without excess blasts. More than 40% of MDS patients carry at least two myeloid-related gene mutations but little is known about the impact of concurrent mutations on the outcome of MDS patients. In applying next-generation sequencing (NGS) with a 117 myeloid gene custom panel, we analyzed the co-occurrence of SF3B1 with other mutations to reveal their clinical, biological, and prognostic implications in very low/low- and intermediate-risk MDS patients. Mutations in addition to those of SF3B1 were present in 80.4% of patients (median of 2 additional mutations/patient, range 0–5). The most frequently mutated genes were as follows: TET2 (39.2%), DNMT3A (25.5%), SRSF2 (10.8%), CDH23 (5.9%), and ASXL1, CUX1, and KMT2D (4.9% each). The presence of at least two mutations concomitant with that of SF3B1 had an adverse impact on survival compared with those with the SF3B1 mutation and fewer than two additional mutations (median of 54 vs. 87 months, respectively: p = 0.007). The co-occurrence of SF3B1 mutations with specific genes is also linked to a dismal prognosis: SRSF2 mutations were associated with shorter overall survival (OS) than SRSF2wt (median, 27 vs. 75 months, respectively; p = 0.001), concomitant IDH2 mutations (median OS, 11 [mut] vs. 75 [wt] months; p = 0.001), BCOR mutations (median OS, 11 [mut] vs. 71 [wt] months; p = 0.036), and NUP98 and STAG2 mutations (median OS, 27 and 11 vs. 71 months, respectively; p = 0.008 and p = 0.002). Mutations in CHIP genes (TET2, DNMT3A) did not significantly affect the clinical features or outcome. Our results suggest that a more comprehensive NGS study in low-risk MDS SF3B1mut patients is essential for a better prognostic evaluation.This work was supported by grants from the following: Contrato Rio Hortega, CM17/00171; Gerencia Regional de Salud (Castilla y León) para proyectos de investigación año 2018, 1850/A/18; Spanish Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, PI15/01471, PI18/01500; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) “Una manera de hacer Europa”; Consejería de Educación, Junta de Castilla y León (SA271P18); Proyectos de Investigación del SACYL, Spain, GRS1847/A/18, GRS1653/A17; SYNtherapy, Synthetic Lethality for Personalized Therapy-based Stratification In Acute Leukemia (ERAPERMED2018–275); ISCIII (AC18/00093), co-funded by ERDF/ESF, “Investing in your future”, by grants from Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cáncer (RTICC) (RD12/0036/0069) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC CB16/12/00233). JMHS is supported by a research grant from Fundación Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia. MM is currently supported by an Ayuda predoctoral de la Junta de Castilla y León from the Fondo Social Europeo (JCYL- EDU/556/2019 PhD scholarship)