The Organization of the Internal Irradiation Monitoring System in Conditions of Nonstandard Radionuclide Intakes

Scientific knowledge presently available in the area of monitoring the internal radiation due to nonstandard radionuclide intakes gives no way of identifying the location and nature of intakes in a reasonably accurate and expeditious manner. Both theoretical models and practical methods of personnel internal radiation screening exhibit the lack of research. To this end, the present paper deals with the experience gained by the SGChE in the monitoring of the nonstandard radionuclide penetration into internals and tissues of the personnel. It provides recommendations for the organization and implementation of such monitoring procedures, and describes the practical method for the vulnerary intake containment

Productivity of fodder crop rotations depending on the nitrogen fertilizers

Legumes in the structure of fodder crop rotations can cause reducing the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer application on sod-podzolic soil. A comparative assessment of the productivity of six-field fodder crop rotations with different field number of legume-cereal grasses was carried out on the background of mineral nitrogen application (Р60К60, Ж0Р60К60). The research was carried out in 2013-2017 in crop rotations with 16%, 33% and 50 % legume-cereal grasses saturation in the Mari El Republic. It was noted that one-year extension of period for using perennial legume-cereal grasses in the fodder crop rotations under study was followed by increase in dry matter collection by 1.1-2.1 t/ha, exchange energy - by 6.7-16.5 GJ/ha, and crude protein - by about 2.3-3.7 C/ha. Continuous application of mineral nitrogen led to increasing the productivity of fodder crop rotations with legume-cereal grasses by 9-21%. In crop rotations, target annual and winter crops ensured a significant increase in productivity, with the exception of annual grasses with perennial grasses undersowing in 2013. The greatest increase in productivity was noted in the first crop rotation, where a long-term agrocenosis had been used for 1 year only. The ammonium nitrate application resulted in increase in crude protein collection more than in other productivity indicators of fodder crop rotations target crops