Possibilities of utilizing zeolites for the reduction of toxical noxious gases of combustion engines

Combustion engines produce exhalations that contribute by 50% to the contamination of the environment. The subject of this work is the research of zeolites´ as the adsorbent of toxical gases. The decisive influence on the adsorbing power has the capacity of porous in unit of volume of the sorbent and dimensions of canals. The active component of zeolite from the deposit Bystré is mineral clinoptilolite. Recently, there is an increased interest to utilize zeolites in the partial reduction of NOx, CO and hydrocarbons in the combustion products. The catalysts used to detoxication of exhalation combustion engines are less effective during periods of relatively low temperature operation, such as the initial cold-start period of engine operation. Some European, American and Japones patents are directed to the use of a zeolite catalyst for the reduction of hydrocarbons, CO and NOx. The noble metals and acid zeolites are used as a catalyst of noxious components. The adsorbent material, which may be a zeolite is part treatment system in order to adsorb gaseous pollutants during of cold start period of engine operation

Modelling Business Process of Manufacturing for Air Compressors

Many day-to-day processes in the manufacturing industry require the use of air compressors that can generate an intermittent or continuous source of pressurized air. Designing, manufacturing and operation of compressor equipment, predetermines a community that includes technical and software tools, as well as personnel that are interconnected within a single system through information, energy and material flows. Carriet out is the analysis of existing approaches to the construction of manufacturing business processes models taking into account functionally oriented control. These processes shall be managed by the organization in accordance with the requirements. The basic principles of process modeling are determined. The method of decision making in the hierarchical structures of the system of enterprise processes is proposed. The results of the theoretical research can be used in the implementation of management systems based on international ISO standards and the description of processes by organizations

Manufacturing technology of composite materials-principles of modification of polymer composite materials technology based on polytetrafluoroethylene

The results of the investigations into the technological formation of new wear-resistant polymer composites based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filled with disperse synthetic and natural compounds are presented. The efficiency of using PTFE composites reinforced with carbon fibers depends on many factors, which influence the significant improvement of physicomechanical characteristics. The results of this research allow stating that interfacial and surface phenomena of the polymer-solid interface and composition play a decisive role in PTFE composites properties. Fillers hinder the relative movement of the PTFE molecules past one another and, in this way, reduce creep or deformation of the parts, reducing the wear rate of parts used in dynamic applications as well as the coefficient of thermal expansion. The necessary structural parameters of such polymer composites are provided by regimes of process equipment.Web of Science104art. no. 37

Monitoring and evaluation of production processes: an analysis of the automotive industry

This book presents topics on monitoring and evaluation of production processes in the automotive industry. Regulation of production processes is also described in details. The text deals with the implementation and evaluation of these processes during the mass production of components useful in the automotive industry. It evaluates the effects and results achieved after implementation in practice. The book takes into account the different methodologies of the world's automakers and applicable standards, such as standard EN ISO 9001 and the requirements of VDA and ISO/TS 16949. The content is used to those working with the development, production and quality control of new products in the demanding automotive industry. The information provided may also be useful to engineers and technical staff in organizations working with series production and production of spare parts for the automotive and other demanding industries. The content presented was written based on discussions with various companies and organizations, such as Magna Steyr (Graz, Austria), Ford (Cologne, Germany; Prague, CZ), GM Powertrain (Győr, Hungary), VW (Škoda), ZF (Passau, Friedrichshafen, Germany), Bosch-Rexroth AG (Fellbach, Germany), John Deere (Mannheim, Germany; USA), Claas (Paderborn, Germany), Allison Transmission (USA), Landini (Reggio Emilia, Milan, Italy), Timken Polska (Sosnowiec, Poland), SNR France (Annecy, France), Sweden SKF Group (Lutsk, Ukraine), ZVL Ltd. (Hattingen, Germany), ZVL SpA (Milano, Italy), FAG Schaeffler Group (Debrecen, Hungary), VPZ (Vologda, Russia), ZKL OJSC (Brno, CZ), ZVL Auto Company Ltd. (Prešov, Slovakia), ZVL (Žilina, Slovakia), MAN (Munich, Germany), FTE Automotive (Kerpen, Germany), Rösler (Untermerzbach, Germany; Vienna, Austria), Spaleck (Bocholt, Germany) and Caterpillar (USA). This comprehensive study was supported by grant VEGA 1/0409/13.

Study on cone roller bearing surface roughness improvement and the effect of surface roughness on tapered roller bearing service life

The paper deals with the impact of internal geometry and micro-geometry of functional surfaces of the cone roller bearing on internal resistance—friction of roller bearings. It describes an ideal point of contact at intersection of cone axes and raceway values, as well as the necessary values of micro-geometry, which enable the use of the bearings under the most demanding installations in the automotive industry— in differential gears, or for installation of pinions of differential gears and cog wheels in gearboxes. It describes optimisation (modification) of production of supporting face of the inner ring of the bearing, the purpose of which is to ensure this perfect point of contact, as well as required values of microgeometry of functional surfaces.Web of Science825-81106109

Nanostructured wear-resistant coatings based on refractory metals nitrides: physical-mechanical propertiesand structural-phase state

Results of scientific researches show the trend of active using nitrides and borides of transition metals and their combination in developing protective materials. While single elements nitrides have been well studied, their multilayer modifications and combinations require more detailed study. Physical-mechanical properties and structural-phase state of multilayer coating according to the deposition conditions is an important task for the study. It will be the analysis of physical-mechanical and electrical properties of coatings based on refractory metals nitrides, their structure and phase composition and surface morphology depending on the parameters of condensation. It was established the structure and behavior of nano scale coatings based on refractory metals nitrides (Ti, Zr) depending on the size of nano grains, texture, stress occurring in coatings

A Study of Using Natural Sorbent to Reduce Iron Cations from Aqueous Solutions

Iron is an essential trace element, but at high doses, this element may pose a health risk. Wastewater from iron ore mining, steel production, and metal processing, among other heavy metals, also contains high concentrations of iron (Fe3+). The use of sorption on natural materials is a potential alternative to conventional methods for removing iron ions, also because of low cost. The methods presented in this article are based on the study of kinetic properties and the acquisition of adsorption isotherms, which are one of the most important characteristics of adsorption mechanisms. The course of sorption is analyzed according to the Freundlich sorption isotherm model. Isotherm parameters are evaluated using experimental results of ferric cation sorption. The results presented relate to the investigation of natural zeolite-clinoptilolite as a ferric cation sorbent, providing a measurement of the sorption kinetics as well as the observed sorption parameters of iron cations from aqueous media. The optimal time for equilibrium in the adsorption system is determined from the kinetic dependencies. The dependence of the achieved equilibrium concentration on the initial concentration of the solution was also expressed, both graphically and analytically. The new prediction model was compared with the traditional Freundlich model. Finally, adsorption isotherms tested under laboratory conditions for a practical application can be recommended for the preliminary examination of the possible technological use of natural zeolite in the wastewater treatment process

Use of Sorption of Copper Cations by Clinoptilolite for Wastewater Treatment

This paper from the field of environmental chemistry offers an innovative use of sorbents in the treatment of waste industrial water. Various industrial activities, especially the use of technological fluids in machining, surface treatment of materials, ore extraction, pesticide use in agriculture, etc., create wastewater containing dangerous metals that cause serious health problems. This paper presents the results of studies of the natural zeolite clinoptilolite as a sorbent of copper cations. These results provide the measurement of the sorption kinetics as well as the observed parameters of sorption of copper cations from the aquatic environment to the clinoptilolite from a promising Slovak site. The effectiveness of the natural sorbent is also compared with that of certain known synthetic sorbents